...What is APA Style? The acronym “APA” stands for “American Psychological Association.” The APA is a professional membership organization, whose members work or have degrees in Psychology. Many years back, some leaders in this organization created a format for papers, so that they would be more readable. Their style caught on with non-psychologists, too. Eventually, APA Style became widely used, especially in colleges and universities. APA Style is a format for writing papers. This format describes proper margins (one inch at the top, bottom, left, and right sides), the font size (12 points), the font types (Times New Roman or Arial fonts only), and the spacing (papers are double-spaced). In addition, there are formats for the title page (see example) and for the list of sources used for a paper (called “citations” or “references” or “reference list”). This handout provides examples, so that you will know what the standards are for papers at the university level. In case you feel you need extra help, here are links to the Writing Labs or Writing Centers of other universities. Help with APA Style for Citing References From the APA Style Web site and blog (URLs are below each entry) Sample papers http://search.apastyle.org/?query=&facet=stylecontenttype:Sample%20paperRecommended Web sites that will assist you in creating correct APA style Reference List citations: You put in the information for your sources, and this Web site creates your references in APA...
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...Assignment 4: Leadership Style: What Do People Do When They Are Leading? Gary Kelly, CEO and Chairmen of Southwest Airlines Company BUS520 Leadership & Organizational Behavior 6/05/13 Introduction Mr. Gary C. Kelly has been the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President of Southwest Airlines Company since July 2001. The 58 year old executive has been with the company since 1986 being hired in as controller working his way to Chief Financial Officer and the finally to the Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Kelly attended the University of Texas where he received a bachelor degree in accounting. Southwest Airlines is a very unique company in as they have never had a non-profitable year, they continue to serve as the country’s largest discount airlines, they have a straight forward philosophy of taking care of their employees, great customer service, and having fun. While other airlines have failed, actually almost all of the large airlines have failed, Southwest continues to grow and at the head of the company is Gary Kelly. Mr. Kelly has been with Southwest for most of the companies’ existence, and together, they have developed a unique culture and style. Most of which he inherited when he took the office of CEO. The former CEO and co-founder Herb Kelleher, was a very aggressive leader that like to lead in a very unorthodox style. His management was quick and to the point, always thought of himself as the underdog. Kelleher cared greatly...
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...CEO Gary Kelly: Introduction During the past decade, the airline industry has experienced economic challenges. Some of the examples of these economics challenges would include the sluggish economy and the fuel crises. Legacy airlines such as Delta Air Lines, American Airlines, Continental Airlines, and US Airways are struggling to maintain profitability. These legacy airlines have to compete with airlines that practice low-cost business level strategies like JetBlue Airways, Southwest Airlines, AirTran, and Spirit Airlines. Low-cost airfare is leading by Southwest Airlines, and they also make it affordable for the average American to air travel. Since its existence, Southwest Airlines has been a profitable company. To maintain the airline’s profits in the sky, Gary Kelly assumed the role of Southwest Airlines’ newest CEO on July 2004. Personal and professional background Before joining Southwest Airlines, Gary Kelly was a CPA for Arthur Young & Company in Dallas and as a Controller for Systems Center, Inc. In 1986, Gary Kelly started his career at Southwest Airlines as a Controller. During the years 1989 to 2001 he was promoted to Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer. From June 2001 to July 2004 Gary served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. In 2004, Gary Kelly assumed the position of Chief Executive Officer and has served as the Company Chairman of the Board in May 2008. In July 2008, he was elected as the Board’s President. Gary Kelly...
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...Executive Officer at Southwest Airlines. Under Gary's leadership, Southwest has grown to become the nation's largest airline in terms of originating domestic passengers carried and is a mainstay on Fortune magazine's list of the most admired companies in the world, ranking seventh in 2013 (About Southwest, 2014). Gary's biggest source of pride is the fact that Southwest Airlines has never had a single furlough in the airline's 43-year history. Gary is pioneering the airline's transformation through several key initiatives, including the integration of AirTran Airways and launching international destinations in 2014 for the first time in Southwest's history. Gary has been named one of the best CEOs in America by Institutional Investor magazine three times and he was selected as Dallas Business Journal's CEO of the year for 2011. Gary is a lifelong Texan and received a B.B.A. in Accounting from the University of Texas at Austin. As a proud alumnus, Gary has served the University in a number of capacities, including on the McCombs School Advisory Council. Gary is a Certified Public Accountant; serves on the Board of Directors of the Lincoln National Corporation and is Chairman of Airlines for America (Southwest, Gary C. Kelly, 2014). Southwest Airlines would not be the company it is without having a superb leader. It takes a good leader to understand the current economy, market, and internal business to make a company be profitable. As his company’s CEO, Gary Kelly has a unique...
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...| Southwest Airlines Co. | Organizational Commitment and Communication | | | | Southwest Airlines, Co is according to Fortune magazine one of the best places to work for. The Company’s mission statement is "The mission of Southwest Airlines is dedication to the highest quality of Customer Service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and Company Spirit." (Southwest.com) Southwest believes that their mission statement has led the way to the best cumulative consumer satisfaction record, according to statistics published by the U.S. Department of Transportation. They have the fewest customer complaints, and they have the most satisfied employees, their turnover ratio is less than 10% (D’Aurizio, 2008). Communication and Leadership play a critical role in any organization and Southwest Airline is not the exception. These two factors are crucial to their success. In this paper, I will discuss the role of organizational commitment and communication within Southwest Airlines. Specifically, I will discuss how the various sources of power and leadership styles impact the organization as a whole. Also, I will discuss the motivational theory that I believe fits best with Southwest’s current culture and how the organization communicates the motivational theory to its employees. Finally, I will take a look at the commitment of the employee and how they respond to the organizations attempt to motive them. Organizational Commitment and Communication ...
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...AirTran, Spirit, and Southwest Airlines have all up their fairs. In some instances, even making them higher than the major carriers on some of those roots. In this week's destination CEO, Jeff Flock, sat down to talk with the man of the controls of Southwest Airlines, Gary Kelly, to find out how in these turbulent times he's able to keep his company at a safe cruising altitude and as the most profitable airline in the country. Thank you, Gary. How are you doing, Kevin? Gary Kelly may not know the names of all 32,000 Southwest employees-See you, Troy. --but walk with him through the airlines, Love Field home base in Dallas. Althea, I'm Gary Kelly. And you get the impression he knows most of them. Jimmy, how you doing man? The 51-year-old Kelly and wife Carol are headed to their ranch near Austin for some rare R&R. Kelly always sits in the noisiest most cramped back row of the plane. The paying customers get the good seats and when he flies he likes to talk to them. I'm not a flight attendant. I'm just a guy that works in the office. The 6'3 former high school star quarterback was an Arthur Young accountant in 15 years as Southwest CFO he never sought the big job. I've never had any aspiration to be a CEO. 1 Why? I don't know. I guess I just perceived that stresses, and the strains, and the anxieties were something I didn't want deal with. Is that true? No. Kelly gets credit for locking up fuel hedging contracts that has Southwest paying far less for...
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...Southwest Airlines has been profitable since 1973â�"an enviable record no other U.S. airline can match, let alone beat. Much of the credit for the airline's enduring success goes to CIO Herb Kelleher, an affable, hard-driving leader whose fun-loving personality pervades the entire organization, top to bottom. After all, how many airlines have the ticker symbol LUV or paint Seaworld's "Shamu the Whale" on a jetliner? The history of Southwest reflects its CEO's tenacity. Kelleher had a law practice in San Antonio when a client suggested starting a discount airline to link three Texas cities. After five years of legal battles due to competitors' objectionsâ�"before deregulation opened the skies to anything-goes competition and pricingâ�"southwest finally got off the ground in 1971. To keep airfares low, the start-up avoided extras such as meal service and got planes in and out of the gate in twenty minutes or less. The airline now serves dozens of cities across the United States using the original formula of low prices, low costs, and high productivity to keep profits high. In fact, Southwest's operating margins are now three times higher than the industry average. Kelleher knows that other airlines can buy the same planes and fly the same routes, even set the same prices. What they can't imitate, he pointedly notes, is Southwest's legendary team spirit. The workforce of 30,000 is fiercely loyal to Kelleher and the company, pitching in to get things done on time and within budget...
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...Southwest CEO Rashanna Brown MAN103 September 13, 2013 Jean Anderson Southwest CEO The different cultures at southwest airlines that are displayed is, they are always being very serious and cautious about keeping their coast down, they are committed to provide their employees a stable work environment with equal opportunity for learning and personal growth. Southwest airlines are dedicated stated in their mission to high quality customer service delivered with warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit. None of their employees has ever gone on strike. Southwest Airlines leads industry in on time performance. Through the year 2002 their stock prices has increased for the preceding ten year period. One of southwest missions was to always be dedicated to the highest quality of customer service. The effective skills that Kelly possess that makes him an effective leader is he shows the customers that he care by talking to them and also remembering all the employees names. Kelly always makes sure things are done in an orderly fashion, not only for his benefit, but for the benefit of the company, employees, and customers. Kelley treats his customers as king and queen, but he treats his employee’s even better than the customers, that is a true team leader and in this conclusion Kelly also does things to save the airline money by locking up fuel hedging contracts that results in paying less for jet fuel than competitor airlines. Some of Southwest Airlines’...
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...and incorporate the existing resources in an organization for the achievement of the objectives and targets of such organization (Northouse, 2004). Gary Kelly is the CEO of Southwest Airlines. He has a leadership style and a set of values that has helped Southwest Airlines emerge amongst all the other airlines in the business. This report analyzes the leadership style and philosophy of Gary Kelly and how his style of leadership aligns with the culture. This report also examines his personal and organizational values and evaluates his set of values that are likely to influence ethical behavior within the organization. Finally this report determines his greatest strengths and weaknesses and discusses the quality that I believe contributes most to this his success. Background of the CEO Gary C. Kelly is the CEO and chairman of Southwest Airlines. He started his career in 1986 as a controller at Southwest Airlines. In addition to working for this airline, Kelly sits in the board as Independent Director of several trade associations and corporations. In 1989, he was promoted and served as Chief Financial Officer from 1989 to 2004. He served as Vice President of Finance from 1989 to 2001. Kelly served as a Vice Chairman of the Board of Southwest Airlines, from July 15, 2004 to May 2008. Prior to working at Southwest Airlines he worked as controller of Systems Center Inc. and as an Audit Manager of Arthur Young & Company in Dallas. He also served as Vice Chairman of Air...
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...objectives. Therefore, it does not take a “manager” to lead. Gary Kelly, CEO of Southwest Airlines, has a set of values and a leadership style that helps Southwest Airlines stand out amongst any other airline in the industry. Background of the CEO Gary Kelly is a 28-year Southwest veteran who began his career at Southwest Airlines as a Controller. In addition to working for Southwest Airlines, Kelly sits in the board as Independent Director of several corporations and trade associations. Kelly was promoted to CEO and Vice Chairman of Southwest in 2004 after serving as the Chief Financial Officer and Vice President Finance, then Executive Vice President and CFO. Gary is a lifelong Texan, having received a B.B.A in Accounting from the University of Texas at Austin. Prior to joining Southwest Airlines in 1986, Gary was a Certified Public Accountant for Arthur Young & Company in Dallas and Controller for Systems Center, Inc. CEO’s Leadership Style and Philosophy Gary Kelly’s leadership style would be that of transformational. According to Bernard Bass (1985), transformational leadership occurs when leaders broaden and elevate followers’ interests and stir followers to look beyond their own interests to the good of others. Kelly mentions that the culture of Southwest Airlines is not a program or initiative; rather it is the sum of the hearts of their people (Spirit Magazine, 2014). Southwest Airlines always...
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...Dhian Ayu Paramita Management Control System Assignment 12/335910/EK/19096 Discussion Questions -- Case 3.1 Southwest Airlines Corporation Question 1 : What is Southwest’s strategy? What is the basis on which Southwest builds its competitive advantage? One of the goals of the company is to achieve its goals which can be seen through the Vision. Southwest’s Vision “ To become the World’s Most Loved, Most Flown, and Most Profitable Airline” can be achieved by planning good strategy. Strategy is also needed in order to achieve Southwest’s goals and purpose, which is “To connect People to what’s important in their lives through friendly, reliable, and low-cost air travel”. The main strategy of Southwest is the capability of the company to manage and take advantage of its competitive advantage. Major competitive advantage of Southwest Corporation is its people, just like current CEO Gary Kelly said on company’s official website : “Our people are our single greatest strength and most enduring long-term competitive advantage”. Additionally, Southwestt keep developing its sustainable competitive advantage by using Generic Competitive Advantage. It was the advanced of Michael Porter’s Five Force Analysis Model consist of Low Cost or Differentiation. a) The Low Cost Strategy or Cost Leadership Southwest used tight cost control and cost minimization by keeping their cost of goods sold low but not as an exchange of satisfaction of the customer...
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...Southwest Airlines Group Assignment December 3, 2011 Group Two: Cleveland State University Marketing Strategy MBA Fall 2011 Professor: Rama Jayanti, PhD How has SWA (a) responded to the “Shuttle By United” initiative (half page 5 points); and (b) what assessments can be made about SWA’s market and financial position on competitive routes based on 1994 4th quarter results (half page 5 points)? On October 1st, 1994 when United Airlines introduced their “Shuttle By United” high-frequency, low-fare, minimal amenity, short-haul flight operation, Southwest Airlines was already the industry leader in this market segment. Southwest was the eighth largest airline in the United States based on the number of passenger miles flown and had recorded net income of $179.3 million on total operating revenue of $2.6 billion. This marked 22 consecutive years of profitable operations which was a feat unmatched in the U.S. airline industry over the past two decades. One of the main reasons for Southwest’s continued success was their core belief, and competency, in customer service. In 1994, for the third consecutive year Southwest won the unofficial “triple crown” of the airline industry by ranking first among major carriers in terms of on-time performance, baggage handling, and overall customer satisfaction. Many of the routes United Airlines selected for their “Shuttle By United” service were identical to the routes Southwest was already flying and so were the fares. Fortunately...
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...4800 Case Study Southwest Airlines 1. Resources a. Tangible Resources: Tangible resources are the physical and financial assets that an organization must need to create value for its customers (Dess, Lumpkin, & McNamara , 2014). Examples are as follows: i. The size of Southwest’s fleet was 694 Boeing 737 by the end of 2012. ii. Southwest Airlines has 35,000 employees. (Attendants, Pilots, ground crew, etc.) iii. Contracted hubs that Southwest Airlines fly in and out of. iv. Southwest is adequately and effectively utilizing it’s resources to continue its growth. They are also using these resources, modifying them slightly (more seats per flight), advantageously to recover some of the lost growth opportunity when AirTran was acquired. b. Intangible Resources: Intangible resources are assets that gain value from intellectual or legal rights; they are difficult to identify and account for (Dess, Lumpkin, & McNamara , 2014). v. Southwest’s “people department” (in use of human resources department). vi. Brand resources, such as brand value and reputation as a fun and low-cost airline. vii. Southwest’s has very strict ideals that they utilize to hire their employee’s. They believe that anyone who is homerless, self-centered or complacent will eventually bring down the other workers and “poisoning everyone else”. This ideal is preached all the way from the CEO, he believes the quantity...
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...Southwest Airlines: Using Human Resources for Competitive Advantage 1. What are the key elements of Southwest Airline’s history? Why are these elements important to understanding Southwest? First of all, from its inception, Southwest has encouraged its employees to identify with others at the company, deliver great customer service, and have fun. Secondly, Southwest’s strategy was to pursue a low fare. So the company concentrated on flying to airports that are underutilized and close to a metropolitan area and also emphasized point-to-point routes, with no central hub and an average flight time of 65 minutes. This paid off in shorter turnaround times and higher equipment use. Thirdly, consistent with its strategy of low costs, low fares, and frequent flights, Southwest also kept its fares simple. The company typically offered only two fares on a route, a regular coach and an off-peak fare. Through looking at these key elements of Southwest Airline’s history, we got an idea of how Southwest Airlines ran its business and why this company has been profitable in every one of the last 21 years, a record achieved by no other major U.S. airline. The best way to understand the current situation of a company is to look back at important things that happened in this company in the past. 2. What is Southwest’s business/operational strategy? Southwest’s operational strategy is to fly just one aircraft type to cut down on training and maintenance costs, use smaller, less congested...
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...“Southwest Airlines” Southwest Airlines exceeds the market of all other US based airlines. The only year that they did not earn a profit was their first year of operations. Since then a profit has been made every year. That type of track record alone has made Southwest Airlines stand out from all of its competitors. Considering how the economy is, that is a great achievement. While viewing Business Management’s video on Southwest CEO Gary Kelly, I saw an example of how corporate culture is displayed. Southwest is also committed to provide their employees with equal opportunities for learning, stable work environment and personal growth. Employees are provided with respect and caring attitudes within the organization and in return are expected to share externally with every Southwest customer (Smith, 2004). Kelly is a great leader which seems to come natural and easy to him. He is a people person that doesn’t make people feel less inferior to him because he is the CEO. He is a casual dresser and that always makes people feel more comfortable than if he were to wear a suit and tie. In his home base airport in Dallas Texas he walks through the airport greeting all of his employees by name. He even gives hugs and shakes hands with most of the staff, that skill and trait is what makes Kelly an effective leader. While flying on the plane he sits in the noises part of the plane and in the most cramping seat for a man that is over 6 feet tall. Kelly does this in order to...
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