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The Impact of Dumas on Society

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Analyse the impact of the Dumas on Russian society
The announcement of the Dumas brought hopes that it would bring democracy to Russia, but the reality of it was that of the two chambers the Dumas had only on was elected by the Russian people. This meant that the Russian government still had significantly more say in the way Russia was ruled and they had effectively created a smoke screen hiding the fact that democracy was nowhere near being achieved in Russia. The second chamber was appointed by the Tsar and held a veto over any actions. In addition, the Tsar retained ‘Supreme Autocratic Power’, in effect, the Duma was neutered right from the start. Consequently making it hard for the Dumas to be seen as having a positive and significant impact on Russian Society.
The first Duma was dissolved after two months when the government felt that the Duma complained too much and was intractable. For this Duma arguably the only impact they had on Russian society was to show that the Russian government was in no way ready to compromise and create a more democratic Russia. This is again reinforced by the fact that the second Duma only lasted from February to June 1917, and because of the actions of Kadet liberals shortly before, the election was dominated by extremely anti-government factions. Similar to the first, when this Duma opposed Stolypin’s reforms it too was dissolved again showing that in no way did the implementation of Dumas mean the democratisation of Russia.
Despite this the Tsar seemed keen to portray Russia as democratic to the rest of the world particularly Britain and France and a third Dumas was created. However the government changed the voting laws, limiting the electorate to only those who owned property. Consequently disenfranchising most peasants and workers. The result was a more docile third Duma in 1907, it was dominated by Russia’s Tsar friendly right wing. However, the body did get some laws and reforms put into effect. New elections were held in 1912, and the fourth Duma was created. This was still less radical than the first and second Dumas, but was still deeply critical of the Tsar and closely questioned government ministers. Therefore the third and fourth Dumas offered a more positive impact on Russian society and actually provided some form of democracy.

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