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The Largemouth Bass

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The Largemouth Bass Evolution Paper

Sandra Little

Bio/101 Principles of Biology

Annissa Furr

August11, 2014

This paper is on organisms and how they have evolved over the years to ensure their survival. The organism that I chose to discuss is the largemouth bass. Fish are animals that are cold-blooded they have fins and a backbone. Most fish have scales and breathe through gills. There are approximately 22,000 species of fish began to evolve 480 million years ago. The largemouth bass has a torpedo-like shape body that is associated with many fishes. Bass use their fins to help keep their position, move, steer, and stop. The largemouth bass is an important predator in the lake ecosystem exerting their strong top-down control on the fish communities. (Essington1999). The organs found in the largemouth bass are as followed brain, stomach, liver, kidneys, and gills. The kidney filters liquid waste materials from the blood. The kidney is extremely important in regulating water and the salt concentrations within the fish body allowing certain fish to be able to exist in freshwater or saltwater. The pyloric caeca is the organ located near the stomach it secretes enzymes that help with digestion. The largemouth bass has overcome environmental changes and have adapted making them very successful in survival. They prey on a number of species they can withstand warmer water temperatures that has a lower concentration of oxygen gas available. The lateral lines located on the left and right side runs from the gill to the base of the tail. This is how they detect motion, sound, waves, and navigation to help with their survival rate. Over the years the coloring has evolved as well to help camouflage the largemouth bass from various preys. “An area that physiological ecologists are really focused on is the study of environmental stressors on organisms, for an example environmental stressors may take part in climate change, nutritional variability, disease and exposure to toxic”, ("Adaptation", 2013). Over the years the coloring of the largemouth bass has made it possible for the species to survive and lay eggs. Largemouth bass growth in the southeast is apparently influenced by climate. In conclusion the largemouth bass has evolved into a predator to be reckoned with the jaws and organs such as pyloric ceaca have made it possible for the bass to adapt to different water temperatures. This has helped in the fact that the largemouth population has grown in recent years in certain areas.

Reference Page
Ecology; findings from university of Mississippi, department of agriculture broaden understanding of ecology. (2009).Ecology, Environment & Conservation, 206. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199710984?accountid=35812

Essington, T. E. (1999). Spatial dynamics, stage-structure, and the predator-prey interactions of largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides). (Order No. 9923199, The University of Wisconsin - Madison). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 187-187 p. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/304537199?accountid=35812. (304537199).

Brodersen, J., Rodriguez-Gil, J., Jönsson, M., Hansson, L., Brönmark, C., Nilsson, P. A. . . . Berglund, O. (2011). Temperature and resource availability may interactively affect over-wintering success of juvenile fish in a changing climate. PLoS One, 6(10) doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024022

Reference Page Ecology; findings from university of Mississippi, department of agriculture broaden understanding of ecology. (2009).Ecology, Environment & Conservation, 206. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199710984?accountid=35812

Reference Page Essington, T. E. (1999). Spatial dynamics, stage-structure, and the predator-prey interactions of large mouth bass (micropterus salmoides). (Order No. 9923199, The University of Wisconsin - Madison). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 187-187 p. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/304537199?accountid=35812. (304537199).

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