...Visual Imagery Psych 640 March 17, 2014 Dr. Samantha Hickman Visual Imagery Imaginations allow individuals to use information and construct his or her own ideas. For example, individuals can imagine what his or her dream home looks like. This individual can see the home and describe what the home looks like. Anderson (2010) defined mental imagery as the processing of perceptual information without an external source. Visual imagery is the brain’s way of processing information as if the individual is actually seeing it; whereas, verbal imagery is the processing of information as if the individual is saying or describing the information. Visual and verbal imagery can use cognitive maps to make sense of his or her environment. A careful analysis of visual and verbal imagery allows an individual to draw conclusions about which form of imagery is important to them. Types of Imagery Visual Imagery Visual imagery is activated within the individual’s occipital cortex area (Fery, 2003). Motor actions require individuals to assess the size and shape of objects; thus, visual imagery provides the positions and movements associated with these tasks (Fery, 2003). Fery (2003) conducted an experiment in which individuals were shown a movement and were required to imagine the movement. The individuals were asked to draw the movement in which they had seen (Fery, 2003). The results confirmed visual imagery is appropriate when individuals are required to replicate a drawing (Fery, 2003)...
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...Psych 640 week 3 Individual VISUAL AND VERBAL IMAGERY paper Write a 500- to 700-word magazine article that discusses visual and verbal imagery. Include the following in your article: A contrast of verbal and visual imagery An argument about which of these you consider most important A justification of your argument with research Include at least three scholarly peer-reviewed articles, in addition to the course text. Imaginations allow individuals to use information and construct his or her own ideas. For example, individuals can imagine what his or her dream home looks like. This individual can see the home and describe what the home looks like. Anderson (2010) defined mental imagery as the processing of perceptual information without an external source. Visual imagery is the brain’s way of processing information as if the individual is actually seeing it; whereas, verbal imagery is the processing of information as if the individual is saying or describing the information. Visual and verbal imagery can use cognitive maps to make sense of his or her environment. A careful analysis of visual and verbal imagery allows an individual to draw conclusions about which form of imagery is important to them. Types of Imagery Visual Imagery Visual imagery is activated within the individual’s occipital cortex area (Fery, 2003). Motor actions require individuals to assess the size and shape of objects; thus, visual imagery provides the positions and movements associated with these tasks (Fery...
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...Michelle Cameron-Bex Greg Berry Writing227 July 9, 2013 Ohm’s Law What is Ohm’s Law? Ohm’s Law is a law relating the voltage difference between two points, the electric current flowing between them, and the resistance of the path of the current. Mathematically, the law states that V = IR, where V is the voltage difference, I is the current in amperes, and R is the resistance in ohms. For a given voltage, higher resistance entails lower current flow. Where did it originate from? Ohm's Law comes from Georg Simon Ohm who was born in Bavaria in 1789. His father taught him philosophy, chemistry, mathematics and physics. In 1806 Ohm became a mathematics teacher in Switzerland. In 1811, Ohm received a doctorate from Erlangen and then became a mathematics lecturer. In 1820, he learned of Oersted's electromagnetism discovery, began experimenting with electricity, and convinced himself of what is now known as Ohm's law. In 1825, he published a paper that explains the decrease in electromagnetic force (The fundamental force associated with electric and magnetic fields), which is proportional to current, around a wire as its length is increased. He published two papers in 1826 that mathematically describe electrical conduction in circuits. In 1827 he published his famous book Die Galvanische Kette, mathematisch bearbeitet, which contains what we now know as Ohm's law. How is it used? Ohm's Law can be used to solve simple electrical circuits. A complete circuit is one which...
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...Plato: Illuminating the Human Condition In “The Allegory of the Cave,” Plato starts his writing with, “and now, I said, let me show a figure how far our nature is enlightened or unenlightened…” (66). The definition of allegory is “the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations about human existence; also: an instance (as in a story or painting) of such expression” (Merriam-Webster). Plato’s works were written before the birth of Christ. Yet it is just as relevant today as it bears witness to the complexity of human life and sheds light on the human condition—certainly a timeless topic for exploration. Plato’s writing depicts how we, as human beings, view, understand, and experience life and the things around us in our own unique way, and how we all struggle to make the right choices for ourselves, as it’s often easier to take the path of least resistance. When we see the sun, do we all see the same sun or see the same color? When we dream, do we all experience the same dream and give it the same meaning? These thoughts and feelings require us to look at our existence in a metacognitive way. As the story begins, there are prisoners living in a cave, bound by chains, and surrounded by fire. They can only see what is right in front of them. There is an opening in the front of cave that allows the light in. The prisoners can choose to see the light outside and yearn to be out of the cave, although most of them believe it is easier...
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...are being used: “They were called Post-its. What that had to do with yellow pop-up reminders on a workslate screen was anybody’s guess” (Sandford 5). Sandford also has a way with vivid sensory descriptions, as best shown by the Nixon’s normalization of their orbit. This scene requires the ship to take a complicated spiral route down through the rings of Saturn to avoid damage. While this is particularly stressful for the members of engineering and navigation, the rest of the crew convenes in the cafeteria to look out the bay windows and the lustrous rings, which are described as luminescent and involving a truly astonishing array of colors, some of which the crew have no words for. The reader is clearly able to produce a picture in their mind’s eye of an astriferous scene highlighting all the wonders space has to offer. Sandford, being a tactful and roundly talented writer, is also capable of turning this around and producing stark and haunting images. The Chinese ship, the Celestial Odyssey, endures great damage during their entry into Saturn’s orbit, and a section of their hull is breached, with several personnel inside of it. All of these crewmembers die in this accident, shocking the rest of their crew. This shock effect extends to the reader through Sandford’s refusal to equivocate the horror of the scene: “A virtual screen flicked into visibility, mid-bridge. Everything looked intact in the bay. No equipment had shaken loose from its tie-downs. The doors appeared solid. It...
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...Balcetis research is based on perception is subjective. What we assume we observe is filtered through our mind’s eye. Balcetis defines a person’s fitness by measuring the circumference of their waist compared to the circumference of their hips. She claimed a higher “Waist-to-hip” ratio is an indicator of being less physically fit than a lower “Waist-to-hip” ratio. People who are less physically fit see their goals to a finish line as farther than those with a lower “Waist-to-hip”. She did another study on whether the motivation of the participants affected their perception of distance to the finish line. If people with strong motivation and strong goals might view the end closer than weaker motivated people. Research proved that people less...
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...partnership with changeable matter, to produce the objects and examples of concepts, we perceive in the temporal world. These are always in a state of becoming, and may participate in a succession of forms. The ever-changing temporal world can thus, only be the source of opinion. Plato likens the opinions derived from our senses, to the perception of shadows of real objects, cast upon the wall of a cave. True knowledge however, is the perception of the archetypal forms themselves, which are real, eternal, and unchanging. Whilst the forms are invisible to the eye, our souls have participated in the eternal world of forms prior to being incarnate in a physical body, and retain a memory of them. Although this memory is not readily accessible to the conscious mind, its presence is sufficient, to enable our limited perceptions. Plato maintains however, that the philosopher can achieve a state of perceiving the forms directly, with his mind's eye, by: developing skill, in...
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...Running head: Dreams and Meditation Dreams and Meditation Student Name Allied American University Author Note This paper was prepared for Introduction to Psychology, Module 3 taught by [INSERT INSTRUCTOR’S NAME]. Part 1. In the dream, I am asleep in my room, when all of a sudden a nuclear bomb explodes. The ground starts to shake and debris begins to crash through the windows. Just as I am about to be obliterated, a vortex opens up and a group of scientists and soldiers grab me and pull me into the vortex, thereby saving me from destruction. I am now 50 years in the future. In my mind’s eye I see a group of scientists talking, while I am being hooked up to a strange chamber full of wires and a glass door. The scientists are discussing how they are going to remove a code from my brain. When they finally lock the chamber, with me inside, I start to get a strong sensation of pleasure as I feel myself hovering and swirling through a colorful array of shapes and structures. I also begin to feel like a weight has been lifted off of me and I can now think much clearer. The scientists explain to me that my migraines and head pain have been due to an overload of information due to the code implanted in my head. The scientists show me what has happened after the nuclear bomb hit. Cities with buildings in rumble and barely standing in place. Metal scraps everywhere. Broken and melted concrete jetting out from the foundations...
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...In this paper we are going to follow King Lear through his journey from being an arrogant King to finding his humanity and point to key moments that help him to gain a clear vision or open his mind’s eye as opposed to his short sightedness. This is a very important theme and throughout history alchemists, poets and writers have been focused on it. For example Rumi in his poetry mentions that if we open the mind’s eye then we see all the secrets of the world in front of us. Before diving into the details of words and imagery let’s have a look at key synopsis and events in the play related to our theme: * 1.1.130 Lear uses flattery test to divide his kingdom (shortsightedness) * 1.1.161 Overtaken by anger Lear says “out of my sight” to Cordelia his favorite daughter (anger) * 1.1.16 Lear banishes loyal Kent for his honesty (anger) * 1.4.9 Lear does not recognize Kent in disguise and employs him again (shortsightedness) * 1.4.200 Lear asks “Where are his eyes?” (confusion) * 1.4.204 “Lear’s shadow” is fool’s answer to Lear question about how he is (fool wise words) * 1.5.20-21 “To keep one’s eyes of either side’s nose, that what a man cannot smell out he may spy into” (Fool wise word) * 1.5.36-37 “If thou wert my fool, nuncle, I’d have thee beaten for being old before your time.” (Fool) * 3.2.1-13 “Blow winds and crack your cheeks! Rage, blow, You cataracts and hurricanoes, spout Till you have drenched our steeples, drowned the cocks! You...
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...self-concept, due to his or her perception that he or she provides of their own view points. Personal intellects that apply to concepts of aiding oneself in creating categories, and rearranging thoughts, feelings, actions, and different options (Myers, 2010). Society sets social norms which enables self-concept to hold a primary role. Focusing on an individual’s self, knowledge that continuously advances allows growth for self-concepts (Decker, 2010). Many people strive for success and self-understanding of where he or she falls on the social matrix is important. Self-concepts assist to reply to an arising issue. The concepts of an individual’s self is much appreciated when the two fundamentals that surround it are present: the mind’s eye, and schemas. The mind’s eye allows self-description that an individual may construct about his or herself. For example, the vision an individual wishes to strive for and achieve; however, self-schemas is self-value that puts relevant data of the individual in sequence. For instance, self-schema is the outlook he or she has on his or herself such as applying proper manners, good looks, social interactions, and elegant. Every individual’s self-schemas assist in forming self-concept. This acts as a facilitator in managing his or her social skills. Self-concepts that I poses is an aspect that I dwell on very frequently during my day to day life, and I am currently very content with my self-concept view points; however for most of my...
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...The Architecture of the Mind and its Relationship to Sight Our minds are able to engage in an abundance of amazing tasks because of their complex structure. Depending on the architecture of ones brain, their mind is able to perform different functions. In Oliver Sacks’ essay “The Mind’s Eye” he discusses whether or not we can control our own minds. He relates this subject to various individuals’ experiences with blindness. Sacks explains in his essay that a person does not necessarily need to see in the retinal sense in order to use their sight. His ideas relate to those of Juhani Pallasmaa in his essay “The Eyes of the Skin,” in that Pallasmaa believes that sight has become a dominant sense and that we have repressed our other senses. Both authors discuss the ability that the senses posses and how the use and disuse of one of these sense can affect the others. Sight is also a major sense for both authors and they explore how the senses of vision relates to the use of other senses. In this essay I will show how that the “architecture of the mind” is nothing more than the structure of one’s mind and that sight is a major component of this structure, regardless of it being retinal or imaginative, and that when one sense is lost our minds restructure and strengthen the other senses. The mind shares many functions with architecture, such as the processes of observing, designing, constructing, selecting and supervising. The mind conducts these processes with our senses...
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...image of the eyes, more specifically what the eye is able to perceive. He begins the poem by describing what it is his eyes are seeing as he paints for the reader a picture of where he is situated in nature. Details of shape, color and movement are revealed, yet it is not with the eyes that the scene is made visible to readers, it is with the mind that the trees, rocks and hedge-rows emerge. This plays into Wordsworth’s idea that eyes limit what we see. It is with our minds that we must look at the world around us. This idea is revisited by the discussion of memories. He writes, “These beauteous forms, through a long absence, have not been to me as is a landscape to a blind man’s eye” (22-24). A blind man only sees with his head, but Wordsworth’s eyes aid him as he remembers what he once saw. Unlike a blind man he has his past to draw from, but because he is relying on his mind, the landscape will not be exactly as he remembers. The mind’s view also has limitations. Memories are once again internal; we draw on what our eyes have shown us, but we must use our brains to fill in the gaps. Wordsworth uses his memories of nature to calm himself and to restore his tranquillity. This calming effect also happens when he is physically look at nature. He writes, “We are laid asleep in body, and become a living soul: While with an eye made quiet by the power of harmony, and the deep power of joy, we see into the life of things” (44-48). Once again the distraction of the eyes are referenced...
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...lender be; For loan oft loses both itself and friend, and borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry". - (Act I, Scene III). "This above all: to thine own self be true". - (Act I, Scene III). "Though this be madness, yet there is method in 't.". - (Act II, Scene II). "That it should come to this!". - (Act I, Scene II). "There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so". - (Act II, Scene II). "What a piece of work is man! how noble in reason! how infinite in faculty! in form and moving how express and admirable! in action how like an angel! in apprehension how like a god! the beauty of the world, the paragon of animals! ". - (Act II, Scene II). "The lady doth protest too much, methinks". - (Act III, Scene II). "In my mind's eye". - (Act I, Scene II). "A little more than kin, and less than kind". - (Act I, Scene II). "The play 's the thing wherein I'll catch the conscience of the king". - (Act II, Scene II). "And it must follow, as the night the day, thou canst not then be false to any man". - (Act I, Scene III)."This is the very ecstasy of love". - (Act II, Scene I). "Brevity is the soul of wit". - (Act II, Scene II). "Doubt that the sun doth move, doubt truth to be a liar, but never doubt I love". - (Act II, Scene II). "Rich gifts wax poor when givers prove unkind". - (Act III, Scene I). "Do you think I am easier to be played on than a pipe?" - (Act III, Scene II). "I will speak daggers to her, but use none". - (Act III, Scene II). "When sorrows come...
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...the time by describing to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window. The man in the other bed began to live for those one hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and colour of the world outside. The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake.Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amidst flowers of every colour and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As the man by the window described all this in exquisite details, the man on the other side of the room would close his eyes and imagine this picturesque scene. One warm afternoon, the man by the window described a parade passing by. Although the other man could not hear the band - he could see it in his mind's eye as the gentleman by the window portrayed it with descriptive words. Days, weeks and months passed. One morning, the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of the man by the window, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away. As soon as it seemed appropriate, the other man asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch,...
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...SCHOLARS LECTURER : MD. YOUSUF ALI SECTION: 2 LECTURER : MD. YOUSUF ALI SECTION: 2 NAME : MUNA AMANI BINTI FISAL MATRIC NO : 1218352 THE DEFINITION AND CONCEPT OF WORLDVIEWS From the perspective of Islam, a 'worldview' is not merely the mind's view of the physical world and of man's historical, social, political, and cultural involvement in it. According to Prof. Naquib Al-Attas, the worldview of Islam is not based upon philosophical speculation formulated mainly from observation of the data sensible experience, of what is visible to the eye nor it is restricted to the world of sensible experience, the world of created things. Islam does not concede to the dichotomy of the sacred and the profane. He says that the worldview of Islam encompasses both al-dunya and al-akhirah, in which the dunya-aspect must be related in profound and inseparable way to the akhirah-aspect, in which the akhirah-aspect has the ultimate and final significance. The dunya-aspect is seen as preparation for the akhirah-aspect without thereby implying any attitude of neglect or being unmindful of the dunya-aspect. What is meant by 'worldview' according to the perspective of Islam, is then the vision of reality and truth that appears before the mind's eye revealing what existence is all about; for it is the world of experience in its totality that Islam is projecting. According to Prof. Choudhury, he says about Islamic worldview that, as reality and system which Islamic design of reality relating...
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