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The Terrible Twos

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Submitted By cshragal
Words 861
Pages 4
Carmen Shragal
Profesor Shaun Vecera
Elementary Psychology
Discussion Section 31
8 October 2014
The Terrible Two’s My beautiful niece and god-daughter, Lia, just turned two years old a couple of months ago. My family and I are already noticing some behaviors that are associated with the “terrible two’s”. Since Lia was born she has always had her fingers in her mouth to bite her nails. This habit constantly makes her sick because of all the germs she puts into her mouth from daycare and everyday activities. Also, Lia has another bad habit of playing with multiple types of toys and leaving them all over the house for others to trip on. With both of these bothersome and dangerous behaviors, Lia’s mom (my sister Emily), has been trying to teach Lia not to continue these bad habits. In order for Emily to really teach Lia to stop her bad habits she must appreciate operant conditioning. Operant Conditioning is how Lia will learn to differentiate between her behaviors and the consequences that Emily enforces. In some cases, Emily can also use classical conditioning to help Lia break her habits. Classical conditioning is when there is a neutral stimulus that causes an unconditioned stimulus which eventually translates into a conditioned response. The difference between operant conditioning and classical conditioning is that operant conditioning involves some type of reinforcement or punishment to a behavior whereas classical conditioning involves signals that produce automatic behaviors. The first bad behavior Lia has, as mentioned above, is her nail bitting. This is a behavior that Emily is specifically trying to decrease. Since Emily is trying to decrease Lia’s behavior she is using a form of punishment. Emily bought a paste that has a bitter taste, specifically designed to stop nail bitting habits, which she rubs over Lia’s nails every morning. This pastes acts

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