...6/12/2012 Blood Cell Separation with Magnetophoresis John Dunec, Ph.D. VP of Sales, NW USA © 2012 COMSOL. COMSOL and COMSOL Multiphysics are registered trademarks of COMSOL AB. Capture the Concept, COMSOL Desktop, and LiveLink are trademarks of COMSOL AB. Other product or brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Welcome to the Lunch-Time Tutorials! • Solve One Problem Using COMSOL Multiphysics • This Tutorial: Blood Cell Separation Using Magnetophoresis • 30-35 minutes duration • Short Q&A at end • Archived at: www.comsol.com/webinars Upcoming Tutorials: • Low Frequency Tumor Ablation www.comsol.com/events Presentation, Step-by-Steps, and COMSOL model available on request 1 6/12/2012 Individual Physics you Learned in School Heat in a rod, … Stress in a wrench S i h • Individual equation sets … Applied to simple, (and sometimes not-so-simple) single-physics problems In Reality – Multiple Sets of Physics Interact • Typically bi-directional nonlinear coupling between multiple physical processes 2 6/12/2012 Multiphysics: Multiple Interacting Phenomena Could be simple: • Heat • Convected by Flow Could be complex: • Flow – Navier-Stokes in tubes – Porous flow in plug B • Mass Transport – Three chemicals: A,B,C – Reacting: A+2B → C • Heat Transfer – Exothermic reaction – Reaction rate temperature dependant COMSOL Multiphysics Solves These! • Multiphysics – Everything can link to everything...
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...Laboratory Report Magnetism Report from laboratory experiments conducted on 11/02/11 as part of PHSC0152 Sec. 02 Sharon Cameron 11/17/11 1. Aim You will familiarize Yourself with several different kinds of magnets. They will observe the forces of attraction and repulsion between the different poles. I will introduce and we will experiment with the forces of magnetism, electromagnetism 2. Apparatus Magnets, batteries, compasses, suspended magnet, permanent magnet, iron filings, electromagnet, nails, straight wire. 3. Theory Everything in the universe is made of atoms—they are the building blocks of the universe. Atoms are so small that millions of them would fit on the head of a pin. Atoms are made of even smaller particles. The center of an atom is called the nucleus. It is made of particles called protons and neutrons. The protons and neutrons are very small, but electrons are much, much smaller. Electrons spin around the nucleus in shells a great distance from the nucleus. If the nucleus were the size of a tennis ball, the atom would be the size of the Empire State Building. Atoms are mostly empty space. If you could see an atom, it would look a little like a tiny center of balls surrounded by giant invisible bubbles (or shells). The electrons would be on the surface of the bubbles, constantly spinning and moving to stay as far away from each other as possible. Electrons are held in their shells by an electrical force. The protons and...
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...Kennetha Wattenbarger Magnetism Lab 19 The white lead of the needle faces the South part of the magnet in a perpendicular way. When the needle is facing the center of the magnet, the lead turns to a 90 degree angle, being parallel to the magnet. When the compass faces the North part of the magnet, the needle turns 90 degrees in the same direction until the red lead if facing towards the North of the magnet. Represent the magnetic field By speed, direction is changed and the faster the needle moves the greater the attraction force is. As like electric charges repel and opposite charges attract each other in electricity, like magnetic poles repel and opposite magnetic poles attract. The Red lead of the needle faces the South part of the magnet in a perpendicular way. When the needle is facing the center of the magnet, the lead turns to a 90 degree angle, being parallel to the magnet. When the compass faces the North part of the magnet, the needle turns 90 degrees in the same direction until the White lead if facing towards the North of the magnet. One complete rotation 9. The compass needle points north 10. The compass needle points north 11. 3 13. The magnetic field that this produces is stretched out in a form of a bar magnet giving a distinctive ...
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...Activity Magnetic Fishing Objectives: At the end of this activity, the student should be able to: 1. define what is a magnet 2. identify what kind of materials are being magnetize 3. site some uses of magnet 4. perform the activity with discipline, collaboration and cooperation Background: A magnet is any object that has a magnetic field. It attracts ferrous objects like pieces of iron, steel, nickel and cobalt. In the early days, the Greeks observed that the naturally occurring 'lodestone' attracted iron pieces. From that day onwards began the journey into the discovery of magnets. These days magnets are made artificially in various shapes and sizes depending on their use. One of the most common magnets - the bar magnet - is a long, rectangular bar of uniform cross-section that attracts pieces of ferrous objects. The magnetic compass needle is also commonly used. The compass needle is a tiny magnet which is free to move horizontally on a pivot. One end of the compass needle points in the North direction and the other end points in the South direction. The end of a freely pivoted magnet will always point in the North-South direction. The end that points in the North is called the North Pole of the magnet and the end that points South is called the South Pole of the magnet. It has been proven by experiments that like magnetic poles repel each other whereas unlike poles attract each other. http://www.howmagnetswork.com/ Materials Needed: ...
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...1. INTRODUCTION We have always thought of airplanes as the fastest mode of transportation. As it travels thousands of miles in an hour we do not mind the flight delays and also the risk in flying. There is no other alternatives to planes that travel such a great distance in minimum amount of time, buses, cars, boats and even conventional trains seem to be too slow in comparison to planes. Now a new transportation mode has occurred that can clearly compete with planes in both speed and safety. They are called MAGLEV trains. The full form and the basic working principle of MAGLEV are called magnetic levitation. Many believe this mode of transportation holds great promise and offers considerable advantages. These trains use far less energy than other types of transportation and do not pollute. They can run at an average speed of 250mph that can climb much higher. The beauty of MAGLEV’S is that they travel on air. The consequent elimination of friction means much greater efficiency. Hence this gives an advantage over a regular train because there is no friction between wheels and the track. 2. WORKING PRINCIPLE The principle of magnetic levitation is that a vehicle can be suspended and propelled on a guidance track made with magnets. The vehicle on top of the track may be propelled with the help of a linear induction motor. Although the...
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...Design of a Small-Scale Prototype for a Stabilized Permanent Magnet Levitated Vehicle No. 88 Geoffrey A. Long, O. James Fiske, Brad E. Paden LaunchPoint Technologies, Goleta, California, USA glong@launchpnt.com, jfiske@launchpnt.com, bpaden@launchpnt.com ABSTRACT: A small-scale proof-of-concept prototype has been designed and built as the next stage in the development of a novel maglev vehicle concept. This prototype demonstrates many of the key advantages of the technology which uses permanent magnets for levitation and does not require any moving parts in a track bifurcation. Key design features and performance characteristics of the prototype are described: the control system for stable levitation, the linear synchronous motor for propulsion and the method of track switching. Alternative system configurations and other applications of the technology are also briefly discussed. 1 INTRODUCTION The repelling forces resulting from bringing like poles of two magnets together is a commonly experienced phenomenon. The use of this repelling force to levitate a vehicle was considered early in the exploration of maglev vehicle technologies (Pollgreen 1964, Olsen 1965), but was largely discarded due to poor performance of the magnetic materials available at the time. As SmCo materials became available, the approach was revisited but again set aside by most due to the material’s high cost (Sinha 1987). In the 1980’s and 90’s NdFeB materials began to be developed as a low cost alternative...
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...brook ambaw project 1: The use of electricity and magnetism in transportation Electricity is without out a doubt one of the greatest discoveries of human kind. We as human beings are forever in debt to Benjamin Franklin who discovered electricity. It is nearly impossible to imagine civilization without electricity. As anything in life, even if we literally use electricity for every aspect of our lives, it is easy to sometimes forget how much we are really depend on it for our survival in life. Electricity has been revolutionizing our our way of living since its inception. Now, when it comes to transportation by using electricity and magnetism, which is the focus of my essay, there is an exponential room to grow. In the near future, electricity and magnetism is going to revolutionize our transportation system radically. The most important issues facing our world in the future in regard to transportation is reducing the amount of emission caused by an ever increasing usage of transportation and our dependence on it. Not only emission is going to be the focal point of problems caused by transportation but also reducing the number of vehicles driven by people will be at the heart of our future struggles too. As historians and energy scientists noted dully, as societies advance more and more, they are going to use more concentrated forms of energy, for example, instead of gasoline they are going to use rocket fuel. In regard to transportation, cars are leading the way when...
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...A Paper Presentation On “Magnetic Levitation Trains” For [pic] ABSTRACT Imagine a train that doesn't touch its track and think of the potential for lower guide way maintenance costs as a result. Imagine a train that speeds along much faster than anything on the highway with a ride as smooth as silk. Imagine that train being capable of speeds higher than any other ground-based transportation system. Maglev can provide this speed and compete directly with airline travel. As stated by American Maglev, "Maglev means magnetically levitated and propelled vehicles. The advantage of maglev is that it can achieve very high speed and acceleration/deceleration performance because the vehicles essentially "fly" at very low altitudes - unlike trains or cars; there is no surface contact or "friction" to slow them down. More speed = more passengers." Only when we have real revenue-producing systems in operation will be able to prove whether this is true or not. In Maglev—which is short for MAGNETIC LEVITATION—high speed vehicles are lifted by magnetic repulsion, and propelled along an elevated guide way by powerful magnets attached to the vehicle. The vehicles do not physically contact the guide way, do not need engines, and do not burn fuel. Instead, they are magnetically propelled by electric power fed to coils located on the guide way. Indeed this is the beginning...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General The micro-emulsion inks have a wide range of applications in industry. The ink used earlier for printing purposes contributes to pollution in environment. The pollution is by means of emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are present in the form of an aliphatic solvent. Emission of VOCs from these solvents and their discharge in waste streams are quantifiable. For example a typical medium size cold – set web plant uses 40,000 kg per year of the ink of which 6000 kg is lost as emissions. The plant uses over 10,000 kg per year of cleaning solutions all of which is lost in atmosphere. A typical newspaper uses 100,000 kg per year of ink and emits over 8000 kg of volatile solvents (Maji, 2003). VOC when released into the atmosphere participates in the atmospheric photochemical reactions. Ozone is produced at the ground level when oxides of nitrogen and VOCs react in the presence of sunlight. This is a major component of urban smog, which at elevated levels causes a potential hazard to humans, plants and animals. To overcome the problems of emissions due to solvent-based inks and cleaning of presses, a new type of ink based on vegetable oil has been developed which is biodegradable and environment-friendly. It does not contain aliphatic solvents, and hence its use produces virtually no emissions during printing. Also, this ink contains vegetable oil (castor-oil)-based alkyd resins, which are biodegradable and generate no...
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...PHET Magnetism – Lab Grade Part I: 1. Go to http://phet.colorado.edu 2. Click on electricity and magnetism sims. 3. Select the simulation “Magnets and Electromagnets.” It is at this link http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php?sim=Magnets_and_Electromagnets 4. Move the compass slowly along a semicircular path above the bar magnet until you’ve put it on the opposite side of the bar magnet. Describe what happens to the compass needle. 5. What do you suppose the compass needles drawn all over the screen tell you? 6. How is the strength of the force/torque on the compass needle indicated? 7. What are the similarities between the compass needle (magnetism) and a test charge (electricity)? 8. Move the compass along a semicircular path below the bar magnet until you’ve put it on the opposite side of the bar magnet. Describe what happens to the compass needle. 9. How many complete rotations does the compass needle make when the compass is moved once around the bar magnet? 10. Click “flip polarity” and repeat the steps above after you’ve let the compass stabilize. 11. Click on the electromagnet tab. Place the compass on the left side of the coil so that the compass center lies along the axis of the coil. (The y-component of the magnetic field is zero along the axis of the coil.) 12. Move the compass along a semicircular path above the coil until you’ve put it on the opposite side of the coil. Describe...
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...Week Five Exercises Chandler W. Morgan PHY/101 May 2, 2015 Dr. Rashmi Sharma Week Five Exercises Ch. 22 Exercise 8 Your hair becomes positively charged upon the removal of electrons through the comb. These electrons are now present in the comb and absent from the hair causing the comb to have a negative charge. Because both the comb and the hair were neutral, electrons have a negative charge. http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/63557/why-does-the-comb-attract-the-pieces-of-papers-if-theyre-neutral Ch. 22 Exercise 38 When you rub a balloon against an object, it takes the electrons from that and becomes a negatively charged object. Once you place the balloon near a wall, the electrons in the wall are repelled away from the balloon and the protons are attracted to the balloon so they come to the edge of the surface of the wall. Because opposites attract, the electrons in the balloon cause the clinging to the wall after rubbing the balloon in your hair. www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/aeleclab/ballrub.htm Ch. 23 Exercise 1 There are several things that can be done to increase the flow of a water pipe, however, I will just name two. (1) Increase the pressure of the water and (2) Increase the diameter of the pipe, which decreases resistance to the flow of water. http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/126625/does-increasing-diameter-of-a-water-pipe-increase-speed-or-volume Ch. 23 Exercise 26 Automobile headlight are wired in parallel circuits...
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...Magnetic levitation (maglev) is an innovative transportation technology. It is sometimes said to be the first fundamental innovation in the field of railroad technology since the invention of the railway. A high speed maglev train uses non-contact magnetic levitation, guidance and propulsion systems and has no wheels, axles and transmission. The replacement of mechanical components by wear-free electronics overcomes the technical restrictions of wheel-on-rail technology. Compared with traditional railways, maglev systems have features that could constitute an attractive transportation alternative: 1. High Speed 2. High Safety 3. Less Pollution 4. Low Energy Consumption PROJECT MOTIVATION: Magnetism has fascinated humans for centuries. So we were looking for a project based on the concept of magnetism. The idea for this project came after discussing with the coordinators and reading a Scientific American Article that described proposed maglev systems around the world and their potential for future travel. THEORY OF OPERATION: Maglev is defined as a “family of technologies in which a vehicle is suspended, guided, and propelled by means of magnetic forces”. It consists of two parts: 1. Propulsion System 2. Levitation System The propulsion system used is known as a linear motor. Unlike a conventional motor, a linear motor creates linear motion instead of circular motion. As mentioned above, the major principle behind its operation is magnetic repulsion....
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... Figure 4.21 shows the magnetic hysteresis loop of CoFe2-xZnxO4 powders at room temperature, with a maximum applied field of up to 8 kOe. The saturated magnetization, remanence and coercivity are summarized in Table 4.10. Also, Figure 4.22 presented variations of saturated magnetization and coercivities for CoFe2-xZnxO4 powders as a function of compositions calcined at 900 ºC for 48 h. The magnetization value of doped samples increased sharply with the external magnetic field strength at the low field region. The highest saturated magnetization can be obtained in x = 0.1 Zn doped cobalt ferrites. Increasing in saturated magnetization can be attributed to influence of the cationic stoichiometry and its occupancy in specific sites. The magnetic order in the cubic system of ferromagnetic spinels was due to occurrence of the super-exchange interaction mechanism between metal ions in the tetrahedral A-site and octahedral B-site [20]. When the nonmagnetic zinc ion was substituted by the cobalt ferrite lattice, due to the zinc ferrite being a normal spinel, it had a stronger preference for the tetrahedral site and thus reduced the amount of Fe3+ in the A site. The net result, due to antiferromagnetic coupling, was an increase in magnetic moment on the B lattice and an increase in saturated magnetization. However, at high levels of zinc substitution in x > 0.1, the A-site magnetic ion becomes so diluted that coupling between the two lattices was lost, and the saturated magnetization drops...
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...COLLEGE HOMEWORK HELP Through college homework help, we aim to provide you with all necessary material and solution you require for the understanding of whole of your college’s curriculum. If you are searching for homework help from experts who are well-read in the subjects of mathematics, calculus, statistics and algebra you have come to right place. All scholars are verified degree holders who have years of experience helping students with their maths, accountancy and English problems. Here you can submit anything from simple queries to complex or lengthy assignments and receive expert guidance to help you develop fully-worked solutions. We can assist with any type of project - homework assignments, practice questions, laboratory write-ups, and more. Every subject has its own characteristics like English you need to learn writing skills and in maths you need to learn formulae but every subject demands a single similar thing that is dedication and if you are dedicated to actually learn a subject our experts are equally dedicated to teach you that. Generally, classroom lectures are not enough for the student to be able to cope up with the complexities of problems given for homework, and that is why additional homework help is so essential. College homework help provided by expert and qualified tutors has been always proved to be of immense help and has often been back bone support for students who do well in class. Having problems with your homework or feeling too lazy to figure...
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... PSY1004F/PSY1006F Work piece 3 Biopsychology and Memory Name & Surname: Student Number: Tutorial group: Tutor: Date: _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. There are a number of clients at the Shady Pines Nursing Home who have suffered neurological damage. Given the limited, and admittedly oversimplified, information provided in your handbook about the patients at Shady Pines Nursing Home, make an educated guess as to the part of the brain that has been damaged. a. Anna: Click here to enter text. b. Lindiwe: Click here to enter text. c. Luke: Click here to enter text. d. Tarryn: Click here to enter text. e. Matthew: Click here to enter text. f. Benson: Click here to enter text. g. Craig: Click here to enter text. [15 marks] 2. Read the examples outlined in your tutorial handbook and for each one (i) identify the probable cause of forgetting, (ii) provide a definition for the probable cause, and (iii) provide an explanation of the cause with reference to the example. ...
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