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Unit 1 Excercise 1

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Lab 1.1 review
1.Convert the decimal value 127 to binary. Explain the process of conversion that you used.
64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

127-64= 63-32=31-16=15-8=7-4=3-2=1-1=0

127=1111111

2. Explain why the values 102 and 00102 are equivalent.
The values are equivalent because it’s de same numerical meaning. Everything else after the one is a zero and there is no need to show the zero.

3. Based on the breakdown of the decimal and binary systems in this lab, describe the available digit values and the first four digits of a base 5 numbering system. You can use the binary system as a reference, where the available digit values are 0 and 1 and the first four digits are 1, 2, 4, and 8.
In base 5, we use only 5 digits 0, 1, 2, 3 , and 4. The first four digits would be 1, 5, 25, and 125

4-Using the Internet and the Help files in Excel, explain why creating a converter from decimal to binary would be more difficult to construct. Hint: you should consider the conditional evalua- tion of whether the decimal value remaining is larger than the binary digit value.
There are many converters already build into to excel itself. =DEC2BIN (9, 4) is a decimal to binary converter for the number 9 and it will show 4 places. If you leave the 4 out of the parentheses and it will only give you the places necessary to give you the number

LAB 1.2) review
1. Determine the result of 100100002 + 11011102. Show the mapping that you created to solve this addition problem
100100002
11011102
111111104 = 254 decimal
2. Determine the result of 110011002 AND 111111002. Show the mapping or truth table that you used to solve this logic problem.
11001100 AND 11111100 =11001100

LAB 1.3) 1-Explain why it is important to know how many system words will fit in a primary storage device on a computer (such as the hard drive).
It is important to know how many system words will fit in a primary storage device on a computer so you know how big of a storage unit you have. The more system words that will fit in a primary storage device, the more memory you have on your computer.

2. Explain why more information can be contained in multiple bytes joined together than in a single byte.
More information can be contained in multiple bytes joined together than un a single byte because Bytes can be joined to represent more complex information. You can represent bigger numbers in more bytes.
3- Explain why it’s more difficult to convert a decimal value to hexadecimal than it’s to convert it to binary.
When you have a big number you can’t just line up the digits and convert them over, you need to make the number into bytes so that each one can convert easily to a single digit of hex.

Lab 1.4 review
1. Using the ASCII encoding scheme, write your name (including the space between your first and last name) in hexadecimal. How much memory would it take to store your name if each ASCII character occupied a byte?
Y=89
a=97 i=105 n=110 a=97 r=114 a=97 2. Using a word size of 64 bits, how much memory space is wasted by the leading 0 used to store

When leading 0 is used to store 256 ASCII it’s wasting an entire bit because you can’t use that bit to squeeze a whole ‘nother 128 values into the table. But either way there still more than 128 ways to stroke, slice, slash and dot a vowel in other languages.

3.What is the binary equivalent of the word NETWORK using ASCII encoding? N = 01001110
E = 01000101
T = 01010111
W = 01001111
O = 01001111
R = 01010010
K = 01001011
Lab 1.5 review
1. Why is it necessary to plan a file structure carefully? What can happen if it is too loosely organized or too detailed?

It is necessary to plan a file structure carefully because it’s important to have organization on the OS. If it is too loosely organized or too detailed, then it will be a chaotic environment and will be difficult to find anything. A nice organized file hierarchy would be easy to find things.

2. Locate the path of folders to the text application you used to create the myname.txt file. How does this differ from the path taken to reach the desktop?

There are multiple ways to locate folders and files that show on the desktop. You can go the long way through the C: drive or you can just start on the desktop and it works like a shortcut to those folders.

3. When you defragment a disk, what happens to the memory references maintained by the OS? What happens to the file system organization? You can use the web to research your answer. Make sure that you justify your argument.

Disk Defragmenter is a tool that rearranges the data on your hard disk and reunites fragmented files so your computer can run more efficiently. Nothing changes with the actual file system that we as end-users see.

Lab 1.6 review
1.Why is it important to know your system specifications such as disk capacity, RAM, and processor information? It is necessary to know this information in case you ever need to install any type of software or a new OS.

2. Use the web to research how to stop a process that is executing on two of the three operating systems (Windows, Linux, and Mac OS). What is the risk when you “kill” a process that is running on your machine?
You can terminate a process with a task manager. When you “kill” a process with a big process tree you run the risk of losing critical information

3- Operating system updates and firmware updates for installed devices are essential to continued functionality and security for a computer by itself or on a network. Use the web to locate where you can find current information on patches and updates for two operating systems. What is the risk associated with not updating your system? Is there a risk associated with completing the system updates? Justify your position. Windows: Current information on new updates and patches are available on the Microsoft website. Not updating your system can leave you prone to firewall attacks and failure of compatibility with new software and new software updates. Most updates are fixing bugs and cracks in the system and OS, with that being said I personally do not see any serious risk in updating the system.
Mac OSX: Current information on new updates and patches are available on the Apple website. Not updating your system can leave you prone to attacks and failure of compatibility with new software and new software updates. Most updates are fixing bugs and cracks in the system and OS, with that being said I personally do not see any serious risk in updating the system

Lab 2.4 review
1. Compare the output of two of the operating systems in which you entered the ipconfig or ifconfig command. What common information was given by the operating systems? The ifconfig command sets, or checks, configuration values for network interfaces. Regardless of the vendor or version of UNIX, the ifconfig command will set the IP address, the subnet mask, and the broadcast address for each interface. Its most basic function is assigning the IP address.
Here is the ifconfig command that configures the Ethernet interface on peanut: # ifconfig le0 172.16.12.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 \ broadcast 172.16.12.255

2. Outside of networking, is there a benefit to knowing how to access the command-line interface of an operating system? Use your textbook and Internet research to support your answer.
You’ll know what your IP address is for information and what network you’re currently using 3. Windows and Mac OS focus more on the graphical user interface of the operating system instead of the command-line interface. Why has this focus been selected, and what marketing advantage is there to this emphasis? Use your textbook and Internet research to support your answer. It’s setup for anyone who don’t fully understand on how to use the command line. The graphic user interface is more appealing to the user which makes them more comfortable.

Lab 3.5 review
1.What is the risk of enabling file sharing on your PC? Should this be enabled for every computer you use? Where can you access the folder you share? Use your textbook and Internet research to support your conclusion. Your files that are being shared are at risk depending on the privilages set for anyone other than the file creator, the possibility is relocation of the file, deletion of the file, and even file contamination if other users have contaminated software, you can access the folder you share by going to network settings and going to the PC name of the source of the file.
2.Is there a risk to enabling a shared printer on your PC? Use your textbook and Internet research to justify your position. There is always a risk to sharing any device including your printer, while a virus doesn’t look like it effects a printer, that printer can still spread it to any and all computers attached to it corrupting many systems without the user knowing it

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