...Modern Day Hipsters If you try to ask a hipster this question ‘”What is a Hipster?” he or she probably won’t have an answer and might not even consider themselves one” (Faulkner). Most hipsters do not consider themselves hipster because it has “quickly became a badge of shams” (Wise). Today, people largely see hipsters as “pretentious, fake and self-aggrandizing” and no one wants to be put under a label that has come to mean something negative (Wise). Modern day hipsters are extremely different from the 1940s hepsters, which was what they were called back then, but they have influenced the music that is listened to now and the fashion styles that are worn today. Hipsters all started out in the 1940s when jazz was just starting off. “Early jazz musicians used “hep” for anyone who was in the know” about the culture that was the beginning of something new (Faulkner). The fans of jazz were known as hepcats but Cab Calloway defined the word hepcats as “a guy who knows all the answers, understands jive” so he used the word hepsters instead to describe the people of jazz instead (McKay). This soon caught on and later turned into hipsters. In the 1940s, jazz was becoming more popular, and as swing was getting slowly replaced by jazz music, hep cats morphed into hipsters. Jazz grew and started attracting lots of people, especially “lower-class white youth” (Faulkner). They were all in search of something new, and jazz was just that. Even though it was mainly performed by African-Americans...
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...Social Changes Through the Decades Showcased Through Fashion Photography Fashion photography started in the late 1800’s and has become one of the most highly respected types of photography in todays’ society. Many people look towards fashion photography as a way to express themselves. This type of photography is showcased all around the world. Fashion photography is a complex process that shows the revolution of social changes through the decades. Fashion photography started in 1839 when photography was first introduced to the world. The earliest ever recorded fashion photography was in 1850 or 1860, for documenting fashion for the Parisian fashion house. Fashion photography is all about capturing what is within the photo from the clothes that...
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...of ‘Globalization’ on fashion with special reference to the impact of Japanese designs on the European scene. The definition of globalisation is quite complex and extremely controversial. However globalization with reference to the fashion industry helps defines the development of what has been termed as „world fashion‟. Preferred garments of young people is quite often the same. A phenomenon made possible by the exploitative mechanisms of globalization. The globalization of clothing manufacture, distribution, retailing online, and the global commodity advertising of both designer and high street brands, has impacted significantly on fashion and the way the industry operates. Alternatively the progress of the fashion industry through globalization can be defined by the political, economical, social, technological and cultural relations between countries. Such relationships within the global fashion industry are questioned to whether or not the globalisation of fashion is becoming beneficial or harmful to developing and developed countries. The fashion industry of today is one of the best examples of the effects of globalisation and its implications. Fashion is now able to take its manufacturing abroad as a result of globalization making it possible for the European fashion industries to produce clothing at increasingly lower prices. This allows the high street prices, or the retail price of fashion to be so low that the consumer, the fashion industry and the media...
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...The 1940’s was basically ruled by World War II, which started on September 1, 1939. The War affected everything about this decade. Men were off fighting, so women had to work in the factories or wherever they could find work in order to support their families. Art and Architecture changed drastically and the radio became a vital piece to American living. Fashion became almost recyclable as new trends became more practical and theatre and film took a wild ride during this outstanding decade. Everything from sports to books were altered due to this war and the events that took place then have shaped the way that we live now. Unemployment rates in 1940 were an overwhelming 8,120,000 but that soon changed by 55% once men went off to war and women got a chance to fill those empty positions. At this time minimum wage was $.43 per hour. First, single women were chosen to work and then in 1943 with mostly all single women employed, married women were allowed to work as well. With women working, it became hard for them to balance both home life and the work world, too. Automobile production began to decline in 1942 and decreased food supplies began in 1943. To try to rehabilitate this food drought, victory gardens were reinstituted and supplied 40% of the vegetables consumed on the home front. With WWII ending in 1945 the US emerged from the war as a world superpower. With all of the men returning home, the baby boom was formed, which is still having repercussions on American society...
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...Let me know what you guys think. I am adding three pictures for each for the trends. The first trend that we picked was in 1940-1947 when women were working in the civilian jobs. As a result of another war, men had to leave their jobs and go fight in the war. The women took their jobs, and changed their fashion a little bit. They began to wear more pants and even wore suits and skirts. Skirts in the 40s grew shorter because fabric became rationed because of the war. Stocking became very expensive in the because of the ration and since having a bare leg was not acceptable, women began to paint their legs in leg makeup to simulate a stocking. We are going to inspired by all of these things, especially the leg paint. The second trend...
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...Re-appropriated Fashion Cultural re-appropriation is extremely predominant in society today, especially in regards to fashion. One only needs to wait a couple decades after a trend goes out of style to eventually see its return into the hegemonic world. Many of the clothes in my own closet are derived from an ancestor that held an actual function or symbolism which over time has been recreated into a piece of clothing that is nothing more than a mainstream aesthetic apparel. High-waisted shorts were reintroduced in 2011, and oddly have been embraced by young women all across the nation, despite the previous norm of low-rise denim. Levi brand jeans first manufactured this unique style of short apparel in the early 1940s for women who were working in the fields while the men in their families were at war (Alvaranga 1). The high waist was designed to cover a woman’s midriff while still providing the comfort of wearing shorts in the heat. This functional garment carried into the 1950s as a fashion trend. Now, over 70 years after their inception, high-waisted shorts are designed in a variety of fabrics and styles for all occasions. A more controversial example of re-appropriation in today’s fashion is the use of “tribal” designs. Native Americans are known for their use of feathers, beading, and geometric patterns in their attire. This was first re-appropriated during the hippie movement of the 1960s. Hippies wore clothing from Native traditions as an expression of a generation...
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...scientology, or evolutionism, somehow we all came about with the perception of the “perfect” female. Women have always been seen, and portrayed as a sex symbol, and usually the disobedient one. Dating back to B.C and the story of Adam and Eve, Eve was the naked one who bit into the fruit that god told her was forbidden. Why couldn’t it have been Adam that caused such scandal, and was the cause for destruction, and crime in the world, and not Eve? From the believed beginning of time, to present day, women have really only progressed a small amount up the social ladder. Today, women are looked down upon, if they are slightly more over weight then what is considered “normal,” if they are “underweight”, “darker skin color”, too “pale”, “flat chested”, big boned, “thick,” or because of their ethnicities and backgrounds. So what exactly defines the “perfect female?” Is it the girls featured on “Girls Gone Wild” in Cancun, or the half naked models posing for Victoria’s Secret? Or is it the perfectly put together “Miss America” pageant queens? Or is it the Hollywood actresses with billion dollar dresses, and priceless jewelry? Or the well toned, well defined professional team cheerleaders, and dancers we watch? WE, speaking for us “average” women, who often tend to idolize, and carry pieces of all these girls within us, and envy them, for not being able to ever look like one of them…so damn perfect in every single way. These women, among many others all contribute to the foundations...
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...-Brand Journal- What I learned from Global Branding? First of all, we have learned what the brand is in terms of name, term, sign, symbol, package, slogan and the importance of them. We have learned how important is the brand effects on consumers. More importantly, we have learned what makes a brand a global brand. Besides, we also learned brand knowledge and sources of brand equity, brand awareness, brand image, and four stages of brand development. In addition to these, for me the most important topic was brand positioning which all covers segmentation, points of parity, points of difference, brand mantra, brand audits. Also, it is interesting to find out that how brands position themselves in a global market. Moreover, building brand equity through brand elements and marketing communication. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pick a category basically dominated by 2 main brands. Evaluate the positioning of each brand -Who are the target markets? -What are their main POP and POD? -Have they defined their positioning correctly? -How might it be improved? As you all know, Zara and H&M are the largest international fashion companies. In Turkey as well, they are both popular and targeted most of the population. I believe these two brands dominate the sector of textile. They both catch attention most of the people with their stylish designs and range of products. Zara is a Spanish clothing...
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...Establishment and recognition: 1909 through 1920s In 1909, Gabrielle Chanel opened a shop on the ground floor of Étienne Balsan's apartment in Paris—the beginnings of what would later become one of the greatest fashion empires in the world.[1] The Balsan home was a meeting place of the hunting elite of France and the gentlemen brought their fashionable mistresses along, giving Coco the opportunity to sell the women decorated hats. During this time, Coco Chanel struck up a relationship with Arthur 'Boy' Capel, a member of the Balsan men's group. He saw a businesswoman in Coco and helped her acquire her location at 31 Rue Cambon in Paris by 1910.[1] There was already a couture shop in the building, and so Coco was not allowed in her lease to produce couture dresses.[1] In 1912, Coco Chanel opened her first millinery shop in Paris and in 1913, Chanel introduced women's sportswear at her new boutique in Deauville and Biarritz, France. Chanel's designs tended to be simple rather than opulent in look. She detested the fashions of women who came to these resort towns.[1][3] World War I affected fashion. Coal was scarce and women were doing the factory jobs that men had held prior to the war; they needed warm clothing that would stand up to working conditions. Chanel fossella's designs from this era were affected by the new idea of women's sports. During World War I, Coco opened another larger shop on Rue Cambon in front of the Hôtel Ritz Paris.[1] Here she sold flannel blazers, straight...
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...Business strategy & policy Lander, Ltd. Implementation of the marketing concept in a production-oriented firm. Content Introduction…………………………………….….3 Lander Ltd issues………………………………….4 Analysis of the structure’s modification………4 Alternatives…………………………………...……6 Conclusion………………………………………....8 Introduction For the Lander Ltd it’s important to understand first when during 1927 to now, the company made some majors decisions for the future for the company: In 1927, Lander was weaving cotton cloth. In 1940, the company needed some money for the expansion and subscribed to a new required capital. After the Second World War, during the economic boom, Lander was growing and was already expanded (after the capital requirement in 1940), so they could easily produce and sell more than the competitors because of the new machines. During the early 1950’s the Lander Ltd widened the scope of the company’s activities through both backward and forward integration. The entire production cycle was done by Lander Ltd. The situation of Lander Ltd is today as follow: Lander Ltd sells the products through a network of 46 independent distributors. Another group of customers consisted of some 72 large garment manufacturers who were directly served from the company’s plant. They are not losing money but they are not also making some big wins. In the 1970’s Lander Ltd was at the maturity stage. Now Mr. Lander should do something to re-launch the company. Lander...
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...Historical Fashion Fashion is another form of art showing a way to be creative and a way to express ourselves. This expression can be through the sketching of a design, the creation of the design, or the wearing of the design. No matter how we look at fashion, this particular art is constantly changing right before our eyes. As you watch a person walk down the street and you view their attire, you are doing the same thing walking around an art gallery viewing portraits. You are looking at someone’s passion for design. You are viewing their creation in different mediums. Using different textures in the art of fashion is like using oil or watercolor in painting. with showing the connection between fashion and architecture. The design of clothing can be compared to the designing of a sculpture. The sculpture of human figure such as a King or Pharaoh relates to that time period, or period style, just as a piece of clothing relates to and era or time period. The design of clothing varies from each of these time periods. The “casual” clothing designed in the Middle Ages 800-1200 of the Romanesque Period was of long loose garments. Just as in a vertical line on a painting they stood tall in these long gowns and extended their dress by wearing tall head dresses. The colors they would wear seem to be of a dark, dull nature being mostly of blues, greens, and browns. Both men and women dressed in garments that were almost identical to each other (Hansen...
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...2012 trends. During London fashion week, lot of new and well-established designers showcased cutting edge design in their fashion shows. During six days different silhouettes, colors, shapes and fabrics were seen. However, my report is looking more detailed at british based, Italian routed designer Antonio Berardi and his collection. Known for hard tailoring, Berardi showcased pieces that were similarly seen across other designer shows. Table of Contents 1.Introduction4 1.1.Silhouette4 1.2.Color6 1.3. Fabrics&Texture……………………………………………………………………………7 2.Designer Antonio Berardi9 2.1. Brand overview9 2.2. Range overview10 2.3. Range inspiration………………………………………………………………...11 3. Fashion Communication………………………………………………………………………………….12 3.1. Antonio Berardi Women…………………………………………………………………………..12 3.2. Dress for society………………………………………………………………………………...…….12 3.3. Sexuality and celebrity cult……………………………………………………………………….12 4.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………….………1 4.1. Way of seeing Antonio Berardi………………………………………………………………..…13 4.2. Designer of the future………………………………………………………………………….…14 References………………………………………………………………………………….…………….…15-16 1.Introduction It was from 17th till 22nd of February when elaborate catwalks were shown and well established as well upcoming talented designers showed their creative talents. London is known for its diverse culture and that might be one of the reasons why fashion is much...
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...Hollywood Revival While the generation of today is more focused on who wore what on the red carpet, some tend to forget the origins of modern fashion and how much of it has evolved from ideas that will soon be a 100 years old. Many actors nowadays neglect the common standard and look towards a unique style they can call their own, whereas many rely on commercial endorsement. Almost all the benchmarks followed by directors, actors and studios alike, come from, as most critics would agree, the golden age of Hollywood. Lasting from the 1920s-1960s, films produced between these years gave true recognition and uniqueness to US cinema. Also known as Classical Hollywood, these years provided the public with a sense of fashion like no other. We...
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...“icon”. Celebrities' fashion, appearance, and their private lives have affected the general audiences constantly. The cult of the celebrity has been unprecedentedly grown from the past decade, and it has affected the fashion industry, which means a huge shifts within them. Regardless of a fi lm star's success of the star's film, The star still can gain some reputations, and get a potential to earn by function as a fashion icon. However, Celebrities contain fashion designer, fashion journalists, athletes and numerous of them are functioning as fashion icons. The best word to describe this could be personification. Personification refers to assign the qualities of a person to something that isn't human or, in some cases, to something that isn't even alive. In other case, personification can be an imaginary person or creature conceived or fi gured to represent a thing or abstraction in dictionary meaning. The image of a celebrity is uncertain, and audiences only judge them by the roles that they have taken in a tv show or films, or the photographs that they were taken or they have taken, or any articles, and rumors about celebrities. The celebrities, or fashion icon's screen personal was carefully developed by studio. It is unclear which can be “abstract”. Therefore, medias can always craft their identities by their appearance, behavior, lifestyle, and fashion style as well as the title as fashion icon whom evokes the image of fashionable woman who is an expert in fashion style with great...
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...non-White models. Created in 1966 by famous couturier Yves Saint Laurent[->2],[1] the Le Smoking tuxedo[->3] suit for women was the first of its kind to earn attention in the fashion world and in popular culture. It pioneered long, minimalist, androgynous styles for women, as well as the use of power suits[->4] and the pantsuit[->5] in modern-day society. Fashion photography[->6] echoes the influence of this suit in shoots that feature androgynous[->7] models with slicked-back hair in a mannish three-piece suit, a style that was first popularised in photographs by Helmut Newton[->8].[1][2] Yves Saint-Laurent was seen by many as having empowered women by giving them the option wear clothes that were normally worn by men with influence and power.[2][But one day in 1966, the Algerian-born designer Yves Saint Laurent[->9] dropped le bomb with le smoking, a tuxedo suit of velvet or wool—black-tie menswear reinterpreted for the female form. We’re talking about Le Smoking, the first tuxedo for women. It consisted of a classic dinner jacket in black grain de poudre wool or satin and trousers with a satin side-stripe with a ruffled white shirt, black bow tie and a wide cummerbund of satin. Le Smoking became such an icon that the brand ensured that some manifestation of it was included in every subsequent fashion collection, continuing up to present day with the YSL’s current head designer, Stefano Pilati. Over the years, the tuxedo suit has reappeared in a huge variety of guises...
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