...Cultural Theory and Popular Culture Globalization, Mass Media and Culture Table of Contents Globalization, Mass Media and Culture 1 Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Modern culture, ideology 4 Globalization 5 Americanization 6 Mass Media and their Impact 7 Globalization, mass media and culture 8 Mass media and globalization 9 Globalization and culture 10 Conclusion 12 My opinion 13 Recommendations 14 List of references 15 Introduction A term globalization was used in 1983 for the first time in a history. Globalization as we know it today started at the beginning of the 20th century. It has an impact on everything and it has changed everything from its core. Economic environment, political environment and regarding to this subject – cultural environment. As everything, it brought both advantages and disadvantages. Looking back in time when this globalization started intensifies rapidly. It evokes a basic question: why did the globalization intensify rapidly? We can consider many reasons, for example lower travel cost, free movement of people, development of technologies, faster data exchange etc. These answers lead me to another possible answer - mass media. Globalization, Americanization or westernization are closely related to the popular culture. As stated in the book ‘There are two things we can say with some confidence about the United States and popular culture. First, as Andrew Ross (1989) has pointed out, ‘popular culture...
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... 3 1. The concept and essence of globalization 1. What is globalization 5 2. History of globalization 11 3. Different types of globalization 13 2. Effects of globalization 2.1 Positive effects of globalization 19 2.2 Negative effects of globalization 21 Conclusion 23 Endnotes 24 Bibliography 25 3 Introduction Today it is really difficult to find a more fashionable and a discussion topic as globalization. Dozens of conferences and symposia, hundreds of books and thousands of articles are devoted to it. It is discussed and debated...
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...Huczynski and Buchanan (2007) describe globalization as ‘the intensification of worldwide social and business relationships which links distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by distant events, and vice versa’. As the above definition shows, globalization has impact on societies as well as on businesses. Many companies become global because of the globalization. This means that a global firm manages its business as one unit which spreads over the world (Varner & Beamer, 1995). Also, global organizations have centralised and strictly followed structure because they produce standardised goods and services for consumers (Edwards, Rollinson & Broadfield, 1998). Example of such organizations can be McDonalds, Microsoft, Philips, Shell, etc. The employees of these companies, which are all over the world, are dressed in the same way and perform the same procedures in order to make the products and serve the customers (Schneider & Barsoux, 1997). On the one hand, the globalization of companies is not good for small business. This is because people do not buy only the local products but the foreign ones. And if the local small businesses have not the resources to export their goods abroad, they will remain unsold so the business will die (Borkar, 2010). http://www.buzzle.com/articles/is-globalization-good-or-bad.html On the other hand, the globalization has a positive impact on firms. The free trade between nations increases which gives corporations...
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...Name: Course: Tutor: Date: International Management The Oil Industry The world is changing with the changes brought about by the emerging technologies. Business environment has totally changed due to globalization. Firms are operating in a highly unpredictable environment. It is difficult to determine what the future market would bring. Firms are left guessing what the emerging technologies would bring in the future market. This has forced firms trying to develop mechanisms through which the market forces can be managed in a way that would ensure a successful operation. The oil industry is one of the leading industries in the world. Business has been very good globally. This product is consumed in all parts of the world. The product has experienced a consistent increase in the international prices for the last twenty years. All industries in any given country depend on oil for the operations. The price of oil would have an impact on all other sector of the economy. This has seen this product considered very precious. The countries that produce oil have formed an organization that would help protect this industry in the world. OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) was formed as a way of ensuring that oil-producing country got maximum benefit from this product. This has made business environment for this product very favorable. This organization protects the rights of all member states in the international market. This has helped stabilize the international...
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...Culture and Globalization Table of Contents PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2 GLOBALIZATION VS. LOCAL CULTURES .................................................................................................................................... 3 THE INFLUENCE OF U.S. CORPORATIONS ON LOCAL MORES ................................................................................................... 3 THE DOMINANCE OF THE AMERICAN MARKET .......................................................................................................................... 4 THE INTEGRATION OF CULTURES ............................................................................................................................................ 6 REAFFIRMATION OF LOCAL CULTURE ...................................................................................................................................... 6 A CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS?.................................................................................................................................................. 7 CULTURAL IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ....................................................
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...that two variables are correlated. Sociological Imagination • The more we understand what is happening in the world, the more frustrated we often become, for our knowledge leads to feelings of powerlessness. We feel that we are living in a world in which the citizen has become a mere spectator or a forced actor, and that our personal experience is politically useless and our political will a minor illusion (Mills 1959) Macro argument. Chapter 3 Culture & Society The Concepts of Culture Culture - The values the members of a given group hold, the norms they follow, and the material goods they create. Values - abstract ideals. For example, monogamy is a prominent value in most Western societies. Norms - definite principles or rules people are expected to observe Society - a system of relationships that connects individuals who share the same culture. The Concepts of Culture Culture and society are closely related. Cultural variations among humans are linked to different types of society. No culture could exist without a society; equally, no society could exist without culture. The Concepts of Culture Ethnocentrism – judging other cultures in the terms/standard of one’s own culture Cultural relativism- judging a society by its own standards Countercultures –groups that largely reject the prevailing norms of society (Anarchists) Subculture- smaller segments of society distinguished by unique patterns of behavior (Harley-Davidson owners) Nature or Nurture...
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...The Impact of Globalization on Higher Education Abstract: Education is undergoing constant change under the influence of globalization. Globalization brings many positive changes on education. It changes the roles of students and teachers, and shifts society from industrialized society towards an information-based society. It has a great effect on culture and brings about a new form of cultural imperialism. The rise of new cultural imperialism is shaping children, the future citizen of global citizens. Intelligent people with a broad range of skills will be more competitive in this information-based society. With the development of globalization, higher education has to be internationalized in order to cater for this information-based society. Externally, the labor market requires for more knowledgeable and skilled workers, and workers with deeper understanding of foreign language and culture and business methods all over the world. Therefore, education is becoming invaluable to individuals. Today, education provides individuals with more chance of employment which in turn leads to a better life style, power, and status. This paper will discuss the impact of globalization on education. And it will find out the way how China higher education adapts to the changing environment under the context of globalization. 1. Introduction Globalization is a process, which affects a lot on human life, especially its great affection on education. In the twentieth century, many developing...
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...and analyze how globalization and other factors have had an impact on them from a social, political, and economic perspective. During the late part of the 20th century, the International Monetary Fund and other organizations collaborated with countries that were struggling economically and offered financial assistance and the creation and implementation of policies. Globalization has had a significant impact on countries around the world; both positive and negative outcomes have resulted from various factors pertaining to globalization. Revolutions such as the Arab Spring uprisings have been influenced by aspects of globalization, such as the changing political sphere and the unstable economic market. Furthermore, the revolutions are more successful in contemporary times as opposed to fifty or one hundred years ago because globalization has provided the world with many comforts, such as the convenience individuals possess in the usage of technology—namely social networking websites. Therefore, it is important to analyze and examine the social, political, and economic changes that have been brought about by globalization, the changing global-politics, as well as social and economic issues that may have caused by or formed after military conflict. India and Vietnam are two countries that are quite similar in terms of GPD per capita rates, life expectancy, and other factors and are a perfect set of nations to examine and analyze in terms of the impact globalization has had on them...
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...Consumerism and the Impact of Social Class “People in a consumer society consume to improve their quality of life; there are costs associated with this practice (financial, time, ecological, societal and human) for the individual and the collective” (McGregor). Associated in this piece is the concentration in the belief of consumerism’s affect on the societal structure in terms of the social class standards, between lower, middle, and upper class sections. The dependent variable is consumerism; the rise in spending and its involvement and impact in the economy and social standards of today’s society. Independent variable is the focus of socioeconomic status and social class; concerning the idea that wealth allows greater amounts of consuming, however the lower class strives for similar status in the material and nonmaterial goods. Factors that provide consumerism in society and the economy are the buying of consumer goods, which has expanded in recent decades to national and global lengths. Consumerism is said to be the reason that the U.S. had turned citizens into shoppers, making Americans less free to the economy and the market. Globalization; the process of goods and services over national boundaries, is a rising factor, due to the buying, selling and networking of products globally. Countries like the U.S. China have benefitted by the globalization, but also have impacted their society and culture, from the influence of cultural differences, negatively and positively...
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...Reactions to Globalization Xuewu Gu The accession of China to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in November 2001 marked one of the most important steps of the Chinese government towards deepening the integration of the Chinese economy into the world economy and therewith going more deeply into the globalization. This development, however, does not mean that the issue of globalization is not controversial in China. Indeed, the fifteen years since 1986 in which China actually underwent a tremendous negotiation process with the WTO, as well as with its members, have been accompanied by an intense domestic debate about the sense and the meaning of globalization. Even through today, the Chinese membership in the WTO is certainly not inevitable; the globalization debate in China continues, reflecting the fact that the Chinese feel strongly challenged by globalization and are trying to search for ways to deal effectively with it. This paper regards it as its main task to examine systematically the Chinese reactions to globalization. To achieve this goal, the analysis will focus on three questions. Firstly, it will find out the general understanding of globalization by the Chinese elite. The term “general understanding” means in this sense the understanding which most Chinese scholars and politicians seem to share regardless of whether he or she is “pro-globalization” or “anti-globalization”. Secondly, it will try to identify the main strains of the Chinese debate on globalization. In doing...
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...3. What do you think are the major social problems faced by nations in the present era of globalization? When historians write of the world’s recent history, they are likely to reflect on two trends: the advance of globalization and the spread of democracy. Globalization has been the more contentious, because it has effects both good and bad, and democracy has opened space for people to protest the bad effects. So, controversies rage over the environmental, economic and social consequences of globalization. But there is another domain of globalization, that of culture and identity, which is just as controversial and even more divisive because it engages ordinary people, not just economists, government officials and political activists. Globalization has increased contacts between people and their values, ideas and ways of life in unprecedented ways. People are travelling more frequently and more widely. Television now reaches families in the deepest rural areas of China. From Brazilian music in Tokyo to African films in Bangkok, to Shakespeare in Croatia, to books on the history of the Arab world in Moscow, to the CNN world news in Amman, people revel in the diversity of the age of globalization. American coffeehouse chain Starbucks has begun selling its espresso and food items to ever-increasing number of countries and this way spreading American food habits. It is the first time in human history that virtually every individual at every level of society consciously or unconsciously...
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...Nedim Cano GS 150 Unit Essay 2 Cultural Globalization Culture, Identity, and Globalization, for quite sometime, has been the topic of discussion. Generally culture is perceived as “the way of life” of a person, from language, imagination, arts, music, patterns of eating, and images such as dress and conceptions of beauty are all added into the set of norms, beliefs and values that form the culture. It is important to understand identity because we are faced with the challenge of accepting and appreciating other culture systems in order to avoid ethnic nationalism and hostility. Everyone has a natural idea of what cultural identity is, just like anybody else I can tell you about my background and where I come because of the ideas I adapted growing up in life. But the change in awareness is that I can identify my self as a Bosnian American because I understand the shared beliefs and behaviors of the people that raised me. While changes in cultures are ongoing and inevitable, the change in understanding globalization has facilitated a greater transfer of ideas for me from both Bosnia and the United States. These concepts manifest themselves to my culture because it creates the idea that norms and practices can be shared amongst each other. Whether one lives in the United States, China, or Bosnia and Herzegovina, globalization is having a profound affect on how people live their lives. In order for you to understand how globalization has helped me better understand my culture...
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...| I.T. for Globalization, Michigan, and the US | | | James Alexander Galarneau; John Allen; Fadi Shatara | 2/6/2013 | | Abstract: Globalization is the process of integrating human societies, economies, politics, and cultures across the globe. The purpose of globalization is to connect people together and spread information and resources in a more efficient way. Globalization allows integrating economies and societies. Globalization provides tools to become more productive members of society. It is a way of understanding how other parts of the world function. We access this information through a variety of sources such as, databases, information technology systems, computers, smartphones, internet, and social media. Many of the products and services we use today are created as a result of globalization efforts. Different countries in different regions of the world specialize in different aspects in the production of everyday items. In the effort to lower costs of products, different parts of products are made around the world for a lower price which benefits us as consumers. The spreading of globalization has resulted in many occupations that are outsourced to foreign countries due to the fact that cheaper labor can be found worldwide. The Role of the Internet The creation of the Internet has greatly contributed to Globalization. The Internet can be show to have played a role in triggering the wave of Globalization that we continue to see today. Internet...
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...Globalization MGT 448 July 19, 2011 Globalization What is globalization, and what are some of the traditional international trade theories that support the concept of globalization? Globalization is defined as a shift towards an integrated world economy (Hill, 2009). Globalization can be explained in many ways, one is the globalization of production. For example, computer hardware or software, cell phones, food, and music are all products that are distributed globally. Globalization is the process in which economies of countries all over the globe become integrated over time leading to organizations having access to a larger market base and customers having access to a greater variety of goods and services. Globalization is also a method of communication and integration among the consumers, organizations, and governments of different nations, which is driven by international trade and investment and assisted by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, culture, political systems, economic development, and on human nature in societies around the world. Supporting the concept of globalization are several traditional international trade theories, including Free Trade, New Trade, and Mercantilism. List the major drivers of globalization and give three examples of each. Several drivers underline the continued trend of globalization in today’s popular culture. The...
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...Globalization “The standardization of world culture, with local popular or traditional forms driven out or dumbed down to make way for American television, American music, food, clothes and films, has been seen by many as the very heart of globalization”. This was stated by an American literary critic, Frederick Jamerson. Globalization is the process in which a company or organization expands internationally. Globalization is not new, for thousands of years, people and corporations have been buying and selling to each other in lands at great distances. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in enterprises in other countries. This current wave of globalization has been driven by policies that have opened economies domestically and internationally. According to Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy, since the Second World War, and especially during the past two decades, many governments have adopted free-market economic systems, vastly increasing their own productive potential and creating new opportunities for international trade and investment. Governments also have negotiated dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade in goods, services, and investment. Taking advantage of new opportunities in foreign markets, corporations have built foreign factories and established production and marketing arrangements with foreign partners. A defining feature of globalization, therefore, is an international...
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