...Types of Advertising Here is an article that talks about the different types of advertising. Read on... Advertising is the promotion of a company’s products and services carried out primarily to drive sales of the products and services but also to build a brand identity and communicate changes or new product /services to the customers. Advertising has become an essential element of the corporate world and hence the companies allot a considerable amount of revenues as their advertising budget. There are several reasons for advertising some of which are as follows: * Increasing the sales of the product/service * Creating and maintaining a brand identity or brand image. * Communicating a change in the existing product line. * Introduction of a new product or service. * Increasing the buzz-value of the brand or the company. Thus, several reasons for advertising and similarly there exist various media which can be effectively used for advertising. Based on these criteria there can be several branches of advertising. Mentioned below are the various categories or types of advertising: Print Advertising – Newspapers, Magazines, Brochures, Fliers The print media have always been a popular advertising medium. Advertising products via newspapers or magazines is a common practice. In addition to this, the print media also offers options like promotional brochures and fliers for advertising purposes. Often the newspapers and the magazines sell the advertising space according...
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... which we just tend to predict it is. Therefore, Subway uses propaganda in order to lure people to eat their so called "fresh food”. Indeed, propaganda is widely used by various companies in order to sell their products with different brainwashing techniques. In the essay, "Propaganda Techniques in Today’s Advertising” by Anna Mcclintock suggests that propaganda influences people’s thoughts over a subject by using different propaganda techniques, I believe that those techniques work and do change people’s opinion over a subject. In fact, propaganda can be found on advertisements all around the world, like in magazines, commercials, and newspapers. The truth about propaganda is that it was designed to influence people’s opinion towards a certain point of view or a specific subject or product. Thus, propaganda uses seven different techniques in order to lure people towards the subject or product. For instance, one of the techniques is Name Calling, in which one uses negative or offensive names against a subject or product in the process changing someone’s opinion about it. In contrast, the Glittering Generalities technique uses attractive and appealing words or phrases in order to influence positive emotions towards the product a company is selling. Another technique is Transfer, which a company uses a well-known respected symbol in order to increase the people’s opinion of the product. The Testimonial technique also uses a well-known symbol mainly using a famous person, regardless...
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...Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society http://bst.sagepub.com/ Green Advertising and Green Public Relations as Integration Propaganda Nina Nakajima Bulletin of Science Technology & Society 2001 21: 334 DOI: 10.1177/027046760102100502 The online version of this article can be found at: http://bst.sagepub.com/content/21/5/334 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: National Association for Science, Technology & Society Additional services and information for Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society can be found at: Email Alerts: http://bst.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://bst.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://bst.sagepub.com/content/21/5/334.refs.html >> Version of Record - Oct 1, 2001 What is This? Downloaded from bst.sagepub.com at University of Wollongong on October 1, 2013 BULLETIN2001/SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETYPR Nakajima tober OF GREEN ADVERTISING AND GREEN / Oc- Green Advertising and Green Public Relations as Integration Propaganda Nina Nakajima University of Toronto lic perception must also be managed. To avoid a negative public image, companies can create the perception that they are effectively handling the problem. This way, public support can be maintained while actually doing very little to solve the problem. Technological change continues to accelerate, and with it come unintended...
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...The influence of new media PR campaign in changing and reshaping public’s attitudes about a brand (BP). Introduction BP (British Petroleum) is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England, United Kingdom incorporated on April 14, 1909, is an integrated oil and gas company. The company provides its customers with fuel for transportation, energy for heat and light, lubricants and the petrochemicals products used to make everyday items as diverse as paints, cloths and packaging. BP operates in two business segments: Exploration and Production, Refining and Marketing. It’s Exploration and Production segment is responsible for its activities in oil and natural gas exploration, field development and production; midstream transportation, storage and processing, and the marketing and trading of natural gas, including liquefied natural gas, together with power and natural gas liquids. Its Refining and Marketing segment is responsible for the refining, manufacturing, marketing, transportation, and supply and trading of crude oil, petroleum, petrochemicals products and related services to wholesale and retail customers. (Reuters, 2012). However, on April 20th, 2010 a deepwater oil rig exploded, causing a massive oil leak nearly a mile underwater off the coast of Louisiana. This leak produced and oil slick of more than 200 million gallons, affecting more than 4,000 miles of shoreline in eastern Mexico and five U.S Gulf Coast states: Texas, Louisiana...
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...7 ANALYZING THE AUTHOR’S PURPOSE AND TECHNIQUE he writer’s overall purpose determines the techniques he or she uses. The writer’s reason for writing a particular article or book may be manipulative, as in propaganda or advertising, or may be more straightforward, as in informative writing. In either case, understanding the writer’s underlying purpose will help you interpret the context of the writing. It will also help you see why writers make the decisions they do—from the largest decisions about what information to present to the smallest details of what words to use. The chapter concludes with instructions on how to write an analysis of purpose and technique. This kind of rhetorical analysis will provide the perspective required to keep you from being pushed by words in directions you don’t want to go. T 103 104 Part 1 Writing About Reading The Writer's Purpose Insofar as people know what they are doing, they plan their actions to achieve their purposes. Someone who selects the purpose of being rich will design and carry out a set of actions, legal or illegal, to gain the desired wealth. A person who wants to gain great wisdom will design an entirely different life course. Writers, whether they want most to be wealthy or wise, have specific purposes they hope to achieve by any piece of work. If they are skilled writers—that is, in control of what they write—they design each aspect of what they are writing to achieve their purpose. Being aware of the writer's...
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...INTRODUCTION Public relations (PR) is the practice of managing the flow of information between an individual or an organization and the public. Public relations may include an organization or individual gaining exposure to their audiences using topics of public interest and news items that do not require direct payment. The aim of public relations by a company often is to persuade the public, investors, partners, employees, and other stakeholders to maintain a certain point of view about it, its leadership, products, or of political decisions. Common activities include speaking at conferences, winning industry awards, working with the press, and employee communication. Public relations is thought by many to be propaganda by a different name, ironically, the very term "Public relations" could easily be seen as a public relations ploy to make the idea of propaganda more acceptable. Public Relations is similar to Analyst Relations, Investor Relations and Public Affairs depending on the firm, organization or population it represents. DEFINITIONS OF PUBLIC RELATIONS “Public Relations is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between on organization and its publics.” - Institute of Public Relations, USA “Public relations is the attempt by information persuasion and adjustment to engineer public support for an activity, cause, movement...
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...Essentially in a state of cognitive dissonance our behaviors do not match our beliefs. This is especially demonstrated by America’s attitude and behavior when it comes to smoking. The behavior in this example is continuing to smoke while simultaneously having the belief that smoking causes cancer. According to Leon Festinger’s theory on cognitive dissonance from 1957, we have an inner drive to hold all attitudes and beliefs in harmony and to avoid disharmony (McLeod). The state of cognitive dissonance causes a feeling of uneasiness or tension that needs to be resolved in the person’s mind. This can be accomplished in three ways. First, the individual can change their attitudes or beliefs to match the conflicting information. Smokers do this by changing their attitude about smoking. For example, reasoning that smoking is not as bad as the experts say or citing an example of a relative that smoked every day of their life and lived to be a 100 years old. Secondly the individual reduces the dissonance by acquiring new information that outweighs the discordant belief. This is done by perhaps reasoning that no studies have ever linked lung cancer...
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...Media, Medicine and American Expectations What constitutes the media? Changed over time? What constitutes medicine? Health or health culture as alternate name to describe what course encompasses? Bert Hanson – medical breakthrough = social phenomenon * How has promise of medical breakthroughs influenced: media culture and patients expectations relationship between medicine and media place of medicine in American political culture How and why does the medical community use media to communicate with public? Increasingly interdependent spheres w/ differing perspectives on vision of media’s role is in “media-ted” world What makes health “news”? Producing Medical Heroes How and why has American society selected its medical heroes? How has this changed over time? What functions do depictions of heroic doctors (Walter Reed, and House, M.D.) and patients serve? How have fictional medical characters – in novels, Hollywood films, on TV – shaped expectations of medical culture? VD, HIV, and the Media How did the media contribute to the publics perception of venereal diseases and HIV? What images (both visual, and stories told to make a point) came most powerfully to cultural prominence? What were the aims of medical and public health authorities, the state, and media professionals in working to make those images publically visible? What role did the media play in changing public’s image of HIV? Stigmatization, Destigmatization, and Medical...
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...Ethics in Advertising Abstract Business is about selling something whether that be a service or a product. Advertising that service or product has to be done to get the word out that the service or product is available but at the same time nobody wants their competition to be stronger. Can advertising be done ethically? Advertising applies to anyone that makes purchases and uses products or services. Advertisements are used to capture consumers’ attention and make them want to purchase their products, use their service, or interpret a specific message. Commercial advertising is the means for many corporations to spread the word about their products or services. It is currently the most effective means of getting a message across to a large audience across the world, and advertising aids the link between the actual production of a good or service and its consumption by consumers. Because of the significance of advertising, the average person is exposed to up to 5,000 ad messages per day. (Chan & Shenoy 2009). Advertising is constantly reminding consumers of their brands and the message that they are trying to portray. Any form of space, even the walls in public toilet cubicles, has the potential to be used for advertising. This is especially pertinent coupled with the use of the Internet, making advertisements all the more accessible (illustrated by video-sharing websites like YouTube); regardless of which part in the world the advertisement...
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...英语毕业论文:The Features of Advertising Language ------------------------------------------------- 来源：天星 更新日期：2007-12-04 点击：10175 ------------------------------------------------- Analysis of Advertising English Through Classification ------------------------------------------------- I. An introduction to Advertising ------------------------------------------------- 1. Definition: ------------------------------------------------- American Marketing Association (AMA) defines advertising as “the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media.” Today, with the development of the technology and the diversity of the mass media, advertising has influenced us pervasively in our daily life. However, whatever the promotive strategies advertising takes, language is the main carrier of message all along, as The Language of Advertising, by Vestergaard & Schroder, says, “Advertising takes many forms, but in most of them language is of crucial importance.” Advertising language is a style of immediate impact and rapid persuasion. The point of an advertisement is to persuade you of the merits of a particular product or service, in order that you will take out some of your money. ------------------------------------------------- 2. Advertising Components: ------------------------------------------------- According to the definition of the advertising, most of the advertisements...
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...Evolution: Daneil Cztrom: 1930s caused a shift, 4 trends allowed the rise of modern media research propaganda research- war efforts public opinion- mseaures public attitudes citizen surveys for insights on social behavior and differences ex: deep water drilling poll pseudo calls (online, call in) to address the question of th day social psychology studies- measures the behavior and cognition of individuals Payne Fund studies: Marketing research- surveys on consumer buying habits * connecting cocooning: happy affluent family on the eastern coast, all having their own private media bubble today, the family would have ereaders or IPADS, ambient connectivity visions of the future digital home clip 1: vacuuming the house clip 2: a day made of glass the digital home expensive, the good life average person consumes 34G’s a day information abundance “wealth of information creates a poverty of attention” – Herbet Alexander Simon we can only read about 1-2 pages and then we bounce glance theory- we only glance at channels, ads, status updates and then move on hierarchy of digital distractions – least=work, middle=facebook, twiiter, high=romantic email, top= digital pain like dropping a phone, screen crash “once I was a scuba drive, and now I am a jet ski” selective retention theory: how we read weed through the information abundance, read some, then bounce. Communication fatigue- tamagotchi trend in social networking… basically you need to all update...
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...segment 2. Industries often have an established company that is a price leader. When competitors “meet” the leader’s price, the competitor is pursuing a ______?_____ strategy? B A) price war B) pull C) maximization D) status quo E) elasticity 3. All of the following statements about branding are true except? C A) Branding facilitates buying. B) Branding may provide psychological benefits for the buyer. C) Branding differentiates a firm's products from competitors. D) Branding helps focus and facilitate marketing efforts. E) Branding guarantees that the consumer will be satisfied with the product's quality. 4. The goal of follow-up of sales by a salesperson is to build customer? E A) knowledge B) competence C) differentiation D) technical expertise E) loyalty 5. According to the traditional demand curve, a low price will result in: D A) a reduction in the quantity demanded. B) a reduction in the quantity produced. C) an increase derived demand. D) an increase in the quantity demanded. E) no impact upon the quantity demanded. 6. What is the basic goal/purpose of relationship selling? To build customer loyalty and Profits and continued financial gain 7. Why might a company pursue repositioning rather than other marketing strategies...
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...communication takes place varies. Broadcast media such as radio, recorded music, film and television transmit their information electronically. Print media use a physical object such as a newspaper, book, pamphlet or comics,[1] to distribute their information. Outdoor media is a form of mass media that comprises billboards, signs or placards placed inside and outside of commercial buildings, sports stadiums, shops and buses. Other outdoor media include flying billboards (signs in tow of airplanes), blimps, and skywriting.[2] Public speaking and event organising can also be considered as forms of mass media.[3] The digital media comprises both Internet and mobile mass communication. Internet media provides many mass media services, such as email, websites, blogs, and internet based radio and television. Many other mass media outlets have a presence on the web, by such things as having TV ads that link to a website, or distributing a QR Code in print or outdoor media to direct a mobile user to a website. In this way, they can utilise the easy accessibility that the Internet has, and the outreach that Internet affords, as information can easily be broadcast to many different regions of the world simultaneously and cost-efficiently. The organizations that control these technologies, such as television stations or publishing companies, are also known as the mass media.[4][5][need quotation to verify] Contents * 1 Issues with definition * 1.1 Characteristics * 1.2 Mass vs...
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...What is Multi Level Marketing (MLM)? Multi-level marketing, also known as network marketing, is a form of direct sales in which individuals, known as distributors, sell products, usually over the telephone or go door to door. Distributors recruit other distributors who do the same. Each distributor makes money on the products that their recruits sell in addition to the money they make from their own sales. The idea is that eventually the original distributor can just sit back and let the distributors he recruited make money for him. For a fee, usually between $25 and $100, these MLM companies will sell people a distributor kit that includes informational brochures about the product they will be selling, price lists, order forms and an instructional manual. Basics of MLM When it started in the 1930s, MLM was a legitimate business practice that afforded a way for small businesses to get their products to consumers in rural areas that had no access to these products. The idea was much like that of the traveling salesman. At the time, the products sold themselves and the percentage that went to the owner(s) was regarded as an award to those who built the organization. The focus remained on the product. MLM today Today, with the advent of technology giving us the ability to travel far distances, there is no need for these "distribution systems." Therefore, the focus has shifted from the product to recruiting new people to buy into the program or to sell low-quality products...
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...Many other mass media outlets have an additional presence on the web, by such means as linking to or running TV ads online, or distributing QR Codes in outdoor or print media to direct mobile users to a website. In this way, they can utilise the easy accessibility and outreach capabilities the Internet affords, as thereby easily broadcast information throughout many different regions of the world simultaneously and costefficiently. Outdoor media transmit information via such media as AR advertising; billboards; blimps; flying billboards (signs in tow of airplanes); placards or kiosks placed inside and outside of buses, commercial buildings, shops, sports stadiums, subway cars, or trains; signs; or skywriting.[1] Print media transmit information via physical objects, such as books, comics, magazines, newspapers, or pamphlets.[2] Event organizing and public speaking can also be considered forms of mass media.[3] The organizations that control these technologies, such as movie studios, publishing companies, and radio and television stations, are also known as the mass media.[4][5] Contents 1 Issues with definition 1.1 Characteristics 1.2 Mass vs. mainstream and alternative 1.3 Mass vs. local and speciality 2 Forms of mass media 2.1 Broadcast 2.2 Film 2.3 Video games 2.4 Audio recording and reproduction 2.5 Internet...
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