...in New Jersey, and in 1681 was awarded to one of its leaders, William Penn, a royal patent granting him ownership of the land between New Jersey and Maryland, which Penn gave the name of Pennsylvania. The colonial government, founded in 1682 by Penn, his government consisted of a Governor appointed a 72 Provincial Council members and a General Assembly. The General Assembly, also known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly, was the largest and most representative branch of government, but had little political power. In 1683, 1696 and 1701 Charter of Privileges occurred. The fourth frame (Charter of Privileges) remained in force until the War of Independence of the United States. The Charter of Privileges was directed to residents of the colony, where recognized the authority of the King and Parliament on the colony, while the local government system that would propose and implement all laws were created. The Charter of Privileges increased religious freedom to all monotheistic and the government was initially open to all Christians. It also encouraged the rapid growth of Philadelphia's most...
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...John A. Moretta's biased biography of William Penn is easily a great contribution to the historiography of early Pennsylvania. “William Penn and the Quaker Legacy”, complements two earlier biographies in the Longman's Library of American Biography series, (Edmund S. Morgan's Puritan Dilemma: The Story of John Winthrop and Alden T. Vaughan's American Genesis: Captain John Smith and the Founding of Virginia) by telling the story of Penn's life and career. The beginning of this book concentrates on Penn's religion, from converting to Quakerism while attending Oxford to his persistence to spread his faith across Europe. Penn had chose to follow a career as a religious leader, Despite Admiral Penn's (Father) efforts to provide his oldest son with...
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...HISTORY 1301 United States History: Discovery to 1876 Handout # The Folkways of the Distinct English Groups that Colonize America David Hacket Fisher author of Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (1989) wrote his book to answer the great questions: “Where do we come from” Who are we? [and] Where are we going?” (Fisher. p. 3) “The answers to these questions grow more puzzling the more one thinks about them. We Americans are a bundle of paradoxes. We are mixed in our origins, and yet we are one people. Nearly all of us support our republican system, but we argue passionately among ourselves about its meaning. We live in an open society which is organized on the principles of voluntary action, but the determinants of that system are exceptionally constraining. Our society is dynamic, changing profoundly in every period of American history; but it is also remarkably stable. The search for the origins of this system is the central problem in American history. It is the subject of this book.”( Fisher. p. 4) The answer is to be found in the “folkways” which four specific groups of Englishmen brought with them to the New World. These folkways provide an empirical measure of the differences in their societies which have blended to form the “American way.” “The interplay of” the folkways of the four English speaking immigrant groups, especially their “ ‘freedom ways’ has created an expansive pluralism which is” peculiarly American. “That is the central...
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...Plymouth, to freely practice their religion. They called themselves the Pilgrims due to the fact that they believed that their journey had a religious purpose. Coming to America the pilgrims were welcome to practice their religion freely; therefore, this effected the modern day religious freedoms. Meanwhile, in this time period (1600’s), Rhode Island become a safe place for dissenters due to their plan of action policies that gave religious toleration. Then, to attract new settlers, New Jersey promised freedom of religion, which is attractive to settlers. This safe place for dissenters brought more people who wanted to worship freely. Which, also helped America have freedom of religion. In 1681, William Penn received the land of Pennsylvania as a gift. Since William Penn was a Quaker, he made Pennsylvania a “holy experiment” for the Quaker religion. The Quaker’s belief that everyone was equal, may have helped with the equal rights in America today. Moreover, during this time period, Maryland became a safe place for Catholics who were being persecuted in England. Then, from 1607-1775, almost one million people came to the colonies. The most popular cities in this time period were New York City, Philadelphia, Charlestown, Savannah, and Newport, since all of these cities allowed people to worship as they pleased. Then, from the 1720’s to the 1740’s, there was the Great Awakening. The Great Awakening was a religious revival that swept through the colonies. All of these...
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...On August 25th 1737, one of history's most disreputable treaties in the records of native-white relations was signed. The agreement, involving the Founder of Pennsylvania's sons and the Delaware or Lenape, was determined by “as far as a man could walk in a day and a half”. Unlike their father, William Penn, who had earned his reputation for being fair and respectful towards the Natives, Richard, John and Thomas Penn had a different mindset. After his death, his sons faced problems with their father’s debt. In order to pay off the loans, the Penn brothers and their agent James Logan made an agreement with Lenape leaders known as The Walking Purchase. By this, they would claim the land measured by the “walk” and sell it to the colonists for money....
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...William Penn was born in a foreign country but would help shape The United States of America into the resolute country it is known as today. Not only did he help form the United States by his ideas and treaties but he also founded the State of Independence formally known as Pennsylvania. William was born on the fourteenth of October in the year of 1644. His father, Sir William Penn was a commendable landowner and his mother Margaret Jasper Vanderschuren was a merchant’s daughter. Not much is known about Penn’s childhood besides the fact that he was enthusiastic about religion from a young age. When William was only thirteen his love for the Quakers began after hearing a speech from a popular Quaker leader Thomas Loe. Years later before starting college Penn served in the parliamentary navy during the Puritan Revolution. After a successful time in the war he was rewarded by an english statesman Oliver Cromwell. Unfortunately William’s award of land in Ireland he had earned during the war didn’t last very long. This was due to the fact the he soon fell out of Cromwell’s favor after taking part in the restoration of King Charles the...
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... religious freedom and personal financial growth. William Penn, a pacifist, was a member of a group in search of religious freedom, while Bartolome De Las Casas, was a priest who traveled with the Spanish in search of God, glory and gold. Through analysis of William Penn’s Letter to the Indians, combined with an understanding of Las Casas’ documentation of Spanish treatment of Native Americans, one can conclude that the motive for settling determined the treatment of Native Americans. The north was comprised of colonies who settled on the basis of finding religious freedom in the New World. This reason for settling helped to shape the nature of the relationship the settlers would have with the Natives. William Penn, in an attempt to achieve good standing with the Natives, sent a letter explaining his intentions and hopes for a harmonious relationship. Penn opens the letter stating his position with God and the lessons instilled upon him and his people through the word of God (Penn). This is an attempt to show the good nature with which he plans to treat the Natives, this is also a good way for him to bring up God in a first attempt at conversion of Natives. “I am very sensible of the unkindness and injustice that hath been too much exercised towards you by the people of these parts of the world, who sought themselves, and to make great advantages by you, rather than be examples of justice and goodness unto you” (Penn). Penn explains his disdain for the way other settlers in...
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...During the seventeenth and eighteenth century many people emigrated from England settling upon the coast of the new Americas. Throughout many expeditions, colonist have then set their own rules and regulations based on significant dogmas. As people migrated from England to the New World, contrast between the Northern and Chesapeake regions became very prevalent. The founding principles which each of these colonies were founded upon influenced many of the colonies decisions, shaping colonists views by different social, political and economic events. Which led to the cultivation of the tobacco crop, the impact of Puritanism in the Colonial Americas and William Penn. Hundreds of settlers came to the Virginia colony seeking riches. Virginia colonists needed a source of revenue to help in the development of their colony. An Englishmen named John Rolfe booked a voyage to the New World. Rolfe was able to attain seeds of tobacco to bring with him to the colony at Jamestown, where he was planning to begin growing the crop in the English colony. It was with this experiment with tobacco that the first profitable export was developed. Rolfe introduced a new sweeter form of tobacco to the colonies, which is different from the Native American variety planted around Jamestown which he found to be bitter. Virginia’s success grew greatly as Rolfe began exporting more and more tobacco. Tobacco then became the New Worlds first commodity to be internationally traded on the global market. Way before...
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...were portions of land that the king gave to individuals or groups and were granted full rights of self government. This classification included Maryland, Delaware, and Pennsylvania. George Calvert was granted a charter from the king, and upon his death his son,Cecilius Calvert founded Maryland in 1634. Delaware was originally given to William Penn who added it to Pennsylvania, but in 1701 Delaware was given its own assembly. Pennsylvania was given to William Penn who established it for religious freedom. Another form of government was charter colonies,in a charter colony, Britain granted a charter to an individual,trading company,etc. establishing the rules under which the colony was to be governed. The colonies that fell into this class were Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. Connecticut was founded by a minister named Thomas Hooker who led 100 people to establish a new colony, because he disagreed with government in Massachusetts. Rhode Island was created by religious dissenters Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson who believed that the state and church should be completely separate. Massachusetts was created by a charter that King William sent out accidentally allowing the colony to make its own government. The last category is the Royal Colonies, these colonies were headed by the british crown. Virginia,North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,New York,New Jersey, and New Hampshire were all Royal Colonies. Economy greatly depended on the climate and environment...
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...It simply paled in comparison to the dominant Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1664, Charles II granted the area to the Duke of York, and an English squadron easily took over New Amsterdam shortly after arriving to the region. The area was renamed New York, and it became the final puzzle piece in connecting England’s empire from New England down the coast to the Carolinas. Society of Friends/”Quakers” The Society of Friends, better known as Quakers, were a religious group who emphasized tolerance and peace. Quakers were unusually kind to natives, and their settlement in Pennsylvania became well known as being a haven for peaceful settler-native relations. The Quakers left England to get away from the Church of England and to avoid persecution. The Quakers refused military service and opposed violence in all forms. As a result, Pennsylvania had no military and was one of the most peaceful and tolerant American colonies. William...
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...and shares, were able to finance the colonies. In the system, if one company bought ten shares out of a hundred from another company, then the company that bought those shares would get 10 percent of the other’s profit. The same goes for losses. Charter: A charter is an official granting of permission to do something like an expedition. In colonial times, the charter issued by King James I acted as the first and closest thing to a constitution for the two Virginia Companies’ proposed colonies. This is because it gave them granted them the right to settle in North America (by the Atlantic Coast) and gave them the rights and privileges that English people in England would have. John Smith: John Smith was the first leader in the Jamestown Settlement. He was a former soldier and twenty-seven years old/. He took over by force and made a system with the men: clear and cultivate the land, then get food as payment. Many resisted his rule at first, but eventually gave in to eat. He had a friendship with Pocahontas after, as legend states, she said him from her people. After a gunpowder explosion in 1609, John Smith left the colony. Headright system: The headright system was a system introduced in 1618 by the Virginia Company. It allowed men land for payment, specifically fifty acres for him and every person that came with him. The headright system led to an increase in immigration. Indentured servants: Indentured servants were people that moved to North America serving other people. They...
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...They soon obtained a grant of land in New England for most of the area now comprising Massachusetts and New Hampshire. They then took the grant of land and created the Massachusetts Bay colony. While the colony in its inception was created or economic reasons, the Puritans began seeing it as something else. They thought that they would be able to develop a haven for puritans in New England. They then began to plan to move into America. In 1630, 17 ships and 1000 people sailed to New England. This migration produced new settlements and colonists began to move into towns in east Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Bay Company had soon turned from an economic venture into a colonial...
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...2016 Part I – Identifications: John Winthrop: Governor of Massachusetts Bay that was elected 12 times. Envisioned the city on the Hill. Roger Williams: Williams was banished from Massachusetts Bay for agitating ideas like the separation of church and state. Moved North to the area now known as Providence, Road Island and established the Protestant Church. Eliza Lucas Pinckney: Was in Charge of 3 South Carolina plantations by the age of 16. Imported indigo to her plantation, which became a very important cash crop. John Smith: Leader of Jamestown Colony in Virginia. First explorer to map the Chesapeake Bay part of the first settlement to the New World. Helped save colony from devastation. Anne Hutchinson: Was a Puritan spiritual adviser and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the Massachusetts Bay Colony. She helped create a theological schism that threatened to destroy the Puritans' religious experiment in New England. She was eventually tried and convicted, then banished from the colony with many of her supporters. John Rolfe: Was married to Pocahontas and moved to England with her. Most notably established the tobacco industry in the colonies and was killed by Indians upon re-arrival in the new world. Pocahontas: Was a Virginia Indian notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown, Virginia. Daughter of Powhatan and married to John Rolfe. John Calvin: Influential Frenchman who helped develop Calvinism, which contained...
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...Mexico Pizzaro conquered Incas- Peru 1580s- English made a colony on the outer banks of NC English and Scottish were not merged to British until 1707 Language of ancient Anglos merged with Saxon for Anglo-Saxon Irish- Catholic Scotch/Irish- Protestant Sir Walter Raleigh planted potato in England Leader of Virginia- John White Virginia’s capital was named after the King, Jamestown, in 1607 John Smith found the settlement of Jamestown 1588- Spanish Armada attacked England All colonies were founded with private money John Rolf brought in Tobacco (married Pocahontas) 1st English settlement in America was Virginia 1619 House of Burgesses (1st form of gov’t/ legislature) 1st boat load of women 1st boat load of slaves Grog- half rum and water 1620- Plymouth- settled by Pilgrims (Mass.) Pilgrims were related to Puritans Puritans settled Boston, then called Mass. Bay, in 1630 Pilgrims and Puritans founded the Congregational Church Rhode Island spun off from Mass.- founded by Roger Williams- a Baptist Baptist believed in freewill ( your choice) Congregational believed in predestination (God made the decisions) “Elect”- chosen to go to...
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...Spanish resistance continued for some years after the English conquest, in some cases with the help of the Jamaican Maroons, but Spain never succeeded in retaking the island. Under early English rule, Jamaica became a haven of privateers, buccaneers, and occasionally outright pirates: Christopher Myngs, Edward Mansvelt, and most famously, Henry Morgan. The English established their main coastal town at Port Royal. By 1659, two hundred houses, shops, and warehouses surrounded the fort. The town was destroyed by an earthquake in 1692, after which Kingston became the main coastal settlement. Spanish Town has the oldest cathedral of the British colonies in the Caribbean. William penn and venables failed to conqur the Spanish in Hispaniola in 1654 and came to poorly defended Jamaica . by 1656 the small group that was left started to do well in trading. They grew and traded cooa, coffee and sugar cane. Along with the English setytlers there were settlers from Wales and Scotland who came into the island as indentured labourers to help with the trading. The first class were the white men, who owned property, or who had professions and trades. They were well-off and spent their money freely. They were not careful in their habits, and so they died at an early age, as a rule. The second class also consisted of white men; but these were almost slaves. It was the custom in those days to send to the American colonies people who inGreat Britain had been convicted of some crime. These were...
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