...Chapter II Presentation of Data A. Definition of social anxiety disorder or social phobia was defined by different sources. 1. In 400 BC, Hippocrates described the overly shy person as someone who loves darkness as life and thinks every man observes hi. During the second edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMII), social fears were described as a specific phobia of social situations or an excessive fear of being observed or scrutinized by others and in the third edition, it was described as a fear of performance situations. Lastly, it is described in the fourth edition as a marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or possible scrutiny by others. 2. A social phobia is a fear of being observed by others acting in a way that will be humiliating or embarrassing. It is an irrational and intense fear that one’s behavior in a public situation will be mocked or criticized by others. 3. Social phobia is an irrational fear of being judged, watched or evaluated, or of embarrassing or humiliating themselves. Fear of scrutiny by other leading to avoidance of social situations. B. There are scientific concerns regarding social anxiety disorder. 1. The signs and symptoms of social phobia were subdivided into four, the physical, emotional and behavioral, associated personality traits and the cognitive aspect. a. Blushing, profuse sweating, trembling or shaking...
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...Anxiety disorders and depression are very common things throughout the United States, however there are not enough people in the world who understand or even know about them. “Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S., affecting 40 million adults in the United States age 18 and older (18% of U.S. population)” (“Facts”). Depression is a condition in which a person feels discouraged, sad, hopeless, unmotivated, or disinterested in life in general. It “Affects approximately 14.8 million American adults, or about 6.7 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year” (“Facts”). Because so many people suffer from these and not enough know about them, awareness and understanding of these needs to be increased....
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in Children | What is OCD? Clinically Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder, characterized by the inability to restrain obsessive thoughts for sustained periods. In extremis, sufferers obsess identical thoughts for years, in an endlessly exhausting cycle. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) usually begins in adolescence or young adulthood and is seen in as many as 1 in 200 children and adolescents. OCD is characterized by recurrent intense obsessions and/or compulsions that cause severe discomfort and interfere with day-to-day functioning. Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that are unwanted and cause marked anxiety or distress. Frequently, they are unrealistic or irrational. They are not simply excessive worries about real-life problems or preoccupations. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or rituals (like hand washing, hoarding, keeping things in order, checking something over and over) or mental acts (like counting, repeating words silently, avoiding). In OCD, the obsessions or compulsions cause significant anxiety or distress, or they interfere with the child's normal routine, academic functioning, social activities, or relationships. The obsessive thoughts may vary with the age of the child and may change over time. A younger child with OCD may have persistent thoughts that harm will occur to himself or a family member, for example an intruder entering an unlocked door...
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...Darlene Gil Winters 11:15-12:30 12/02/14 Anxiety Disorder For a huge amount of people, anxiety is a normal response to occasional stress. It’s a normal emotion that everyone experiences at certain points in their lives. Many people feel anxious or nervous when faced with any type of problems. Could be at work, school, before taking an exam, etc. Anxiety disorders however, are different. They can cause such distress that interferes with a person’s ability to live a normal life. Anxiety disorders are the most common psychological disorders in the United States. About 27.6 million people in the U.S. are suffering from different types of anxiety disorder. There are four different types of anxiety disorders: phobia, generalized anxiety disorder,...
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...paper on Anxiety Disorder Jeffrey S. Fletcher, M.A. Kathleen B. Stinger Psychopathology and Counseling, Coun 656 4, May 2014 Author Note Jeffrey S. Fletcher, Student, Liberty University. Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Jeffrey S. Fletcher, Jfletcher1@liberty.edu Abstract This research paper is designed to review articles and books of professional journals in anxiety disorders, definition of anxiety disorder, review of current and past treatments of anxiety disorders, the new section and changes to anxiety disorder in the DSM-5, new treatments for anxiety disorders and medications for anxiety disorders. This paper will show spiritual considerations for treating anxiety disorders and how religion can improve one’s condition. It will show how CBT treatment of anxiety disorders have not been very successful and how medication has its limitations in treatment of anxiety disorders. This paper will also show what this clinician has learned and will take forward into the daily practice of treating adolescents with anxiety disorders. Keywords: anxiety, anxiety disorders, DSM-5, treatment Introduction When we talk about anxiety we have to distinguish between healthy anxiety or normal anxiety and anxiety disorders. It is normal to have a certain amount of anxiety for instance when one is in danger it is normal to become anxious. To have an anxiety disorder your anxiety would have to interfere with your life in a negative way. Anxiety and fear...
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...a lifestyle most of us will only see in movies and TV shows, 19.2 million people will suffer from social anxiety disorders. Sure, not all cases of shyness or anxiety are caused from these factors, but I believe they’re certainly adding to the numbers. As we evaluate a phobia which generates $42 billion a year, it begs the question “Are we a society of anxiety?” (Healthyplace) In order to answer the question, first we must understand the differences between shyness and social anxiety/phobia. Shyness is defined as being reserved or having/showing nervousness. Others sources define shyness as a feeling of guilt apprehension, or lack of confidence experienced in regard to social association with others. (WebMD) Due to every human being different, shyness triggers may apply to some people and not others. It is estimated that ninety percent of the American population will experience some sort of shyness. However, forty percent of the population will experience shyness that presents a serious problem in their lives. (ADAA) Some of the situations that may trigger shyness include eating, drinking, writing, or working in front of others, being the center of attention, interacting with people, including dating or going to parties, using public toilets, being introduced to other people, being teased or criticized, meeting people in authority, and having to say something in a public situation, etc. In difficult situations, shy people may react in ways that alter their mental, emotional,...
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...General Anxiety Disorder Andrea Murphy HCA 240 May 6, 2012 Fozia Ferozali General Anxiety Disorder I have decided to write my paper on General Anxiety Disorder because I myself have it, so I am more familiar with it. GAD (general anxiety disorder) is when an individual suffers from a psychological state where they have persisting thoughts of anticipation and fears that are overwhelming their mind and intern it affects the body as well. It is a disorder that is characterized by excessive, exaggerated worry about everyday life with really no reason to worry. There are many types of anxiety disorders which are panic, general anxiety disorder, phobias, and obsessive compulsive (OCD). Every one experiences anxiety at certain times in their lives, it is a normal part of the human emotion. Even though everyone experiences anxiety at one point or another in their lives, the individuals who suffer with an anxiety disorder suffer because the disorder interferes with their daily life. In this paper I will be discussing the history of the illness, the signs and symptoms, how it is diagnosed, the treatments, and how the diagnosis and treatments compare to the diagnosis and treatments of the past. Anxiety disorders is a term that was developed approximately around the end of the 19th century since that was when the psychiatric practice began to become more popular and increased. Even though there is no one cause to GAD, researches in the psychiatric field tend to believe genetics...
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...15 million people in the United States alone have social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is the fear of being in a social situation that involves being around other people. Any person has a 13% chance of developing social anxiety disorder in their lifetime. Teens are highly likely to develop this disorder. Social anxiety disorder is a life-changing disorder that affects the way people think, act, and how they are treated. Social Anxiety Disorder, also known as social phobia, is a type of panic disorder in which a person has a constant fear of being judged by others, being the center of attention, or being watched while doing certain activities. Social phobia can be triggered by having to speak to new...
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...Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorder Aimee Kang Abnormal Psychology Research Paper #1 July 12, 2015 To the average person, it is usually very difficult to distinguish those who are diagnosed with autism. They usually ask -- Why is he talking to himself? Why is he acting so awkward? There are no obvious features that differentiate those with autism from those without autism. This is why it could usually be difficult for an average person to understand and recognize a person with autism and this can sometimes lead to excessive bullying by those who do not have much knowledge about the disorder. Autism spectrum disorder tends to be more prevalent than other conditions. This disorder is believed to be the fastest growing disorder in the US with a rate of 1 in 68 American children diagnosed, according to CDC. As the importance of understanding this disorder has become critical, research in this area has also been growing significantly. This research can be critical not only in finding the cause and therapies to better assist those on the but also understanding the point of view of those undergoing this disorder. Autism has a wide range of different types as we can see it in the DSM-5, which was published on May 2013. DSM-5 combined many subtypes together. As of now, there are no medical tests that can diagnose this disorder so it is only diagnosed through the evaluation of a professional psychologist. They seek for symptoms to diagnose autism and these symptoms usually...
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...Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children D’Aundrea Williams Word Count: 1732 Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children Regardless of who you are, no individual is perfect. Just as a normal child you suffer from enough through experiences of your environment and the people you interact with. Now imagine living life with an anxiety disorder and your everyday hardships. Disorders make life much harder, and finding ways to cope are even harder. Scientists have done studies to show that not only does the child’s school environment affect their level of anxiety but so does the parent to child relationship. Is it up to the child figuring their own mechanisms or should their parents be more involved? Introduction A group of scientists wanted to focus on the parent’s latency control and reinforcement of a child’s anxious behavior. Research has shown that parents encourage avoidance in anxious situations and that parents and children together shapes ways to reinforce a child’s anxiety. (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Gathered information from other studies has shown that when parents express their fears and show anxious behavior, children will also express those same emotions. Parents dealing with anxious children are more likely to expect their children to be avoidant, to have poor coping abilities, and less likely to succeed (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Although this is...
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...What are Anxiety Disorders? A cover term for a variety of mental disorders in which severe anxiety is a salient symptom. Anxiety disorders are the most common of emotional disorders and affect more than 25 million Americans. Many forms and symptoms may include: • Overwhelming feelings of panic and fear • Uncontrollable obsessive thoughts • Painful, intrusive memories • Recurring nightmares • Physical symptoms such as feeling sick to your stomach, “butterflies” in your stomach, heart pounding, startling easily, and muscle tension Anxiety disorders differ from normal feelings of nervousness. Untreated anxiety disorders can push people into avoiding situations that trigger or worsen their symptoms. People with anxiety disorders are likely to suffer from depression, and they also may abuse alcohol and other drugs in an effort to gain relief from their symptoms. Job performance, school work, and personal relationships can also suffer. Types of Anxiety Disorders Panic disorder People with this condition have feelings of terror that strike suddenly and repeatedly with no warning. Other symptoms of a panic attack include sweating, chest pain, palpitations (irregular heartbeats), and a feeling of choking, which may make the person feel like he or she is having a heart attack or "going crazy." Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) People with OCD are plagued by constant thoughts or fears that cause them to perform certain rituals or...
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...About ten years ago, when I was still a little boy, my aunt Tina was diagnosed with panic disorder. I heard that word very often during my family gatherings, when my family members were talking about my aunt's condition and everyone was worried about her. At that time, I was still too young to understand what was really wrong, or what all those big words meant. But, I often heard the word therapy and medication in reference to my aunt. Everybody looked very worried when her condition was discussed. Now that I am ten years older and taking a psychology course, I often think back and wonder what experience means in the professional world. In the frame of this current writing assignment I want to take the time out to find out what actually happened to my aunt and what she really experienced at this time. In order to fulfil this assignment, I will present findings from literature on panic disorder, and some of the experiences that my aunt shared with me in a recent conversation, in order to make make comparisons between literature and the actual experience that my aunt had. In Summery, it appears that panic disorder is characterized by an experience of unable terror that can impair peoples life on many levels and can also cause additional problems such as other anxiety problems and even depression. During the conversations with my aunt, I asked her how she experienced her condition. She said "It started out as one panic attack and then it increased.". When I asked her how...
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...GAD disorder Generalized Anxiety DisorderGeneralized Anxiety Disorder was described as condition that can be easily associated with worrying too much or having too much tension. This anxiety disorder will definitely put some stress on a relationship and interfere with daily activity, such as your career and education. This amount of stress can lead to serious amount of depression. This type of disorder can be more active than the normal anxiety that people usually express of them having. GAD is can be treated but it the most difficult one because it can make a person get worst. The physical symptoms that GAD patients experience are a lot of headaches, trembling, some even had said they felt like they had no strength that they said they felt very fatigue, Between the irritability and the frustration, it would lead to having uncomfortable muscle tension, and not being able to concentrate. Some individuals would experience trouble sleeping because they felt so unengaged that they were not capable of relaxing. Some research have said that this type of disorder has been known to carry through in the families generations. Symptoms can start as young as Two years old but be known to later in time. Woman seem to be vulnerable noticing this disorder than men because of their fragile ways. A child is very vulnerable getting this disorder if the child suffers from any psychological trauma. For example Adrian Hols worth was a young woman who had two kids. She had a high level...
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...Carolina Garcia Aguilar Psychological Disorders Panic disorder is a psychological disorder. The main features are recurrent events of panic abrupt, events of extreme fear, bordering on terror. The person not only experiences the recurrent events, but also a pounding heart, shortness of breath, faintness, and shaking. All these happen unexpectedly and are sometimes unexplainable. These recurrent events can play in the person’s head for up to 10-20 minutes. There is a relatively history of this psychological disorder, different causes and effects, those who are more likely to suffer from panic, and there are also treatments found for panic disorder. Psychological disorders have had different names throughout time, like mentioned in the book Understanding Panic and Other Anxiety Disorders, the author mentions, “During the American Civil War, Dr. Jacob Mendes DaCosta described finding in soldiers what he believed to be a cardiovascular disorder involving chest pains and palpitations of the heart, but, as it turned out, actual heart disease was not usually present” (Root 1). This syndrome became known as neurocirculatory asthenia, also known as effort syndrome, cardiac neurosis, soldier’s heart, and DaCosta’s syndrome. It was linked with the emotional and physical distress of war. During the twentieth century’s two world wars, sufferers of panic disorder slowly but surely came to be treated less often by those in the field of internal medicine and more often by psychiatrists. Observers...
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...Agoraphobia Marissa Burton SOC 313 Shamika Smith February 18, 2013 Panic disorders are anxiety disorders, diagnosed in people who experience thoughts of intense fright or discomfort; they are described by panic attacks, episodes in which the individual has feelings of deep anxiety or terror, followed by a sense of imminent doom (Flavo, 2009). Some people avoid going into situations or places in which they have formerly had a panic attack in anticipation of it reoccurring again. These people have agoraphobia, and they tend to stay away from public places where they feel that urgent escape might be difficult. About one in three people with panic disorder develops agoraphobia. Their world may become lesser, as they are always on guard, waiting for the next attack (Anxiety and Depression Association of America, 2010-2012). In this paper, I will discuss the lifestyle of people living with agoraphobia as well as the interventions, and factors that may act as retraining forces in agoraphobic individuals. Agoraphobia is a type of anxiety disorder in which individuals tend to avoid situations that they feel may cause them panic. People with agoraphobia may even avoid being alone, leaving their home or any predicament where they could feel humiliated, trapped, or helpless if they do panic. According to Mayo Clinic Staff (2011), people who are agoraphobic do not feel safe in any public place, especially where there is a crowd. They can feel trapped inside of their own home because...
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