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Appendix N

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Appendix N

Topic Sentences and Supporting Paragraphs

Topic Sentences

When you write, you form paragraphs. A paragraph is a group of sentences that relate in topic and thought. A paragraph generally consists of three to five sentences and usually begins with a topic sentence. A topic sentence is a general statement that announces what the paragraph is about. By starting a paragraph with a topic sentence, your audience may immediately identify your topic. This construction also helps you, the writer, stay focused on your subject.

Consider the following example of an essay introduction:

The first sentence is the topic sentence: It tells the readers they will learn about past narratives. The sentences that follow the topic sentence relate to the topic sentence because they provide examples of past narratives. Finally, the last sentence is the thesis of the essay, which expresses the author’s position on the topic and previews what the entire paper is about.

You learn more about writing effective introductions later in this course.

Supporting Paragraphs

Every paragraph after your introduction must be a supporting paragraph. A supporting paragraph supports or proves your thesis.

All supporting paragraphs must include a topic sentence. You may then develop the supporting paragraphs within your paper by using one or more of the following methods:

• Examples and illustrations • Data, facts, or historical or personal details • A simple story, or narrative • Descriptions • Division and classification • Analysis • Process analysis • Definitions • Cause-effect • Comparison-contrast • Argument

The previous paragraph about journals used examples to support the topic sentence. Consider the paragraph following the introduction:

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