...POTATO POWER CAN A POTATO PRODUCE ENOUGH ENERGY TO POWER A CLOCK? TABLE OF CONTENTS RESEARCH…………………………………………………………………………...I PURPOSE…………………………………………………………………….….……II HYPOTHESIS………………………………………………………………….….…III DISCUSSION……………………………………………………………………...…IV MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES…………………………………………….......V RESULTS………………………………………………………………………....….VI CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………….….….…VII BIBLIOGRPAHY………………………………………………………….….……VIII RESEARCH • The potato battery is a battery made out of a potato • The potato is unique because it is the only known vegetable that contains both electrons and protons. These two molecules are the second and third largest ingredients in electricity • By adding electricity’s most abundant ingredient-copper-and its fourth and final ingredient-zinc-a fresh batch of electricity can be made and extracted • A potato battery is an electrochemical battery, otherwise known as an electrochemical cell. • An electrochemical cell is a cell in which chemical energy is converted to electric energy by spontaneous electron transfer • The zinc in the nail reacts with the copper wire • The potato acts as a sort of buffer between the zinc ions and the copper ions • The zinc and copper ions would still react if they touched within the potato but they would only generate heat • Since the potatoes keep them apart, the electron transfer has to take place over the copper wires of the circuit...
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...Final Investigatory Project for Group 5 I. Problems and Setting A. Introduction Batteries, years ago, have taken the world by a storm and have since than became a necessity in one’s household. Sadly, even though they are tremendously useful, batteries have drawbacks, such as semi- affordable costs, limited shelf life and pollution. Our group had an idea on how to make an alternative to this that would not only work like the real thing but would also be healthy to our environment and light in our pockets. This idea turned out to be realty and became the main goal of our Investigatory Project. B. Problems Finding an item that is easy to obtain and at the same time affordable, simple and earth- friendly is not an easy task. After a lot of thought, our group decided to use one of the objects that is almost always present in our daily lives: fruits and vegetables. Will these everyday materials such as apples, bananas, oranges, lemons and potatoes conduct electricity? Well, let’s see about that. C. Hypothesis A circuit is made up of a path, a source and a load. We believe that we should connect them with a (+) and a (-) wire so that the flow will be even with no reverse polarity. The load we thought of using was a battery- operated clock, one of the most common materials found in almost everyone’s household. We believe that it would work because the organic materials we will use have electrolytes that flow freely on its own. Thus, it will flow into conductors to make...
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...Final Investigatory Project for Group 5 I. Problems and Setting A. Introduction Batteries, years ago, have taken the world by a storm and have since than became a necessity in one’s household. Sadly, even though they are tremendously useful, batteries have drawbacks, such as semi- affordable costs, limited shelf life and pollution. Our group had an idea on how to make an alternative to this that would not only work like the real thing but would also be healthy to our environment and light in our pockets. This idea turned out to be realty and became the main goal of our Investigatory Project. B. Problems Finding an item that is easy to obtain and at the same time affordable, simple and earth- friendly is not an easy task. After a lot of thought, our group decided to use one of the objects that is almost always present in our daily lives: fruits and vegetables. Will these everyday materials such as apples, bananas, oranges, lemons and potatoes conduct electricity? Well, let’s see about that. C. Hypothesis A circuit is made up of a path, a source and a load. We believe that we should connect them with a (+) and a (-) wire so that the flow will be even with no reverse polarity. The load we thought of using was a battery- operated clock, one of the most common materials found in almost everyone’s household. We believe that it would work because the organic materials we will use have electrolytes that flow freely on its own. Thus...
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...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study With limited sources of electricity in the Philippines, we discerned that this problem needs attention or better yet solved. At present, Mindanao today has been experiencing power shortage because of lack of hydroelectric energy for the power depends on the availability of Maria Cristina Falls’ water, which is also affected by weather conditions. In view of this, people from the place tend to find an alternative source of energy. We have found out that the fruit, santol (Sandoricum koetjape), contains citric acid that could produce electrical energy. At present, the Cottonfruit (Sandoricum koetjape) is an abundant fruit locally. Statement of the Problem The study aims to produce electrical energy with the use of an ordinary household Cottonfruit (Sandoricum koetjape) by making it as a battery. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: 1. How much volume of Cottonfruit (Sandoricum koetjape) is needed to light a 5V bulb? 10V? 2. Are there other chemical contents of Cottonfruit (Sandoricum koetjape) that could create electrical energy aside from citric acid? If other citric fruits such as Orange (Citrus aurantium) and Calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa), could the product be more effective and conductive? Significance of the Study The study aimed to create electrical energy from Cottonfruit (Sandoricum koetjape) Typically; cottonfruit is a common fruit in the Philippines. The result of the study...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer Fruit Batteries Science Fair Project tyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopas Project Guidebook dfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj klzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc © 2009 Supercharged Science By Aurora Lipper © 2009 Supercharged Science www.AwesomeScienceProjects.com Page 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................2 How to Use This Book: ................................................................................................................3 Materials List...............................................................................................................................5 Create a Science Fair Project with Fruit & Veggies .......................................................................6 Sample Data Sheet ....................................................................................................................10 Sample Report ................................................................
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...tariff (TDL) since early July.He explains, to create electrical energy, the first star fruit commonly used as a vegetable is mashed to take water. Next, using soil media placed in a glass of mineral water is used, water is injected star fruit taste.Furthermore, each cup containing soil mixed with star fruit juice was associated with a series of copper wire and zinc plate, the electric current to flow.The result, electrical energy is created with a sizable voltage, ie up to 5 volts, enough to turn on the lights. The resulting voltage is also greater than the voltage of the battery stone fruit.According to him, electrical energy is created by starfruit has a high acidity level to be able to conduct ions and electrons are there on a piece of copper and zinc. Thus create an electric current.On average, 10 points starfruit is capable of creating an electric voltage up to 2.5 volts, equivalent to one dried fruit batteries. Even in his experience, the electrical energy of the star fruit vegetables can last up to one month old.Sunarto is also an electronic teacher in one school in this Magetan Bendo, hopes his invention will be...
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...“Vinegar Battery” INTRODUCTION We all know that the world is now facing an energy crisis and everyone is trying to do something about that. I noticed in our electricity bill that we are paying much for it. So, I came up with this investigatory project as an alternative source of electricity. This is simple and can be homemade. . Now you can show everyone that electrical energy or electricity can be made from air and vinegar. After all, vinegar are freely available everywhere. Also, this will be useful if there is brownout and science model for elementary students like me. First, we need to get the material for the project. Here is the list: 1. A miniature board to mount the miniature base – it can be a piece of thick plywood. 2. Plastic container small 3. Miniature light bulb (low voltage, low current) 4. Pair of insulated solid copper wire 5. 2 Pair of alligator clips 6. Galvanized nails – (zinc electrodes) it can be found in hardware stores. 7. Copper wires – (copper electrodes) 8. Screws for the miniature base 9. Vinegar – 4% acidic solution Procedures: 1. Remove the plastic insulation of about one inch from both ends of the wires. 2. Connect the end of red wire to red alligator clips for both ends. Do the same for the black wire with the black alligator clips. 3. Loosen the screws on both contacts of the bulb holder. Place one end of the red alligator clip on right screw and connect the black alligator clip on the left screw...
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...Visit us at www.pro-base.eu - 1 - HOMEMADE BATTERIES Making and evaluating homemade batteries Author Ken Gadd, 4science, Stratford sub Castle, SP1 3YP, UK; ken@4science.org.uk Languages available English, Slovenian Summary Batteries power most of the portable electrical and electronic devices we use. Different types are available, suited for different uses. Batteries convert chemical energy into electrical energy. You can make a battery from a lemon, a piece of zinc and a piece of copper. So why don’t we use this instead of buying batteries from shops? In this activity you find out. You also explore other homemade batteries, including a seawater battery made by scientists in the BBC TV programme Rough Science. The purpose is to explore the potential of low technology homemade batteries as emergency power supplies. Activity type H Use of scientific knowledge and understanding to solve problems Working in teams to solve problems Communication Resource/budget management Time and workload management Techniques Field Electrochemistry Visit us at www.pro-base.eu - 2 - Time Practical lessons: 600 minutes Theory lessons: 120 minutes Out of class time: 360 minutes StandardBase procedures None StandardBase techniques None Other resources Zavod za šolstvo, Ljubljana (The National Education Institute of the Republic of Slovenia), http://www.zrss.si/ Other resources are listed in the activity...
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...Homemade Batteries Homemade batteries are a popular subject with my readers. Making electricity from things you find around the house is a fun project. There are lots of easy ways to make homemade batteries. Basically, any two different kinds of metal can be placed in a conducting solution and you get a battery. Familiar homemade batteries include sticking copper and zinc strips into a lemon or a potato to make a battery. One quick battery is made from a soda can, the soda from the can, and some copper. Click on image for a larger picture The photo above shows a battery made by placing a strip of copper and a strip of aluminum into a glass of Coca-Cola (I used the sugar-free cherry flavored variety because that's what I found in the refrigerator). You can make the aluminum strip by cutting open the can. You will need some sandpaper to sand off the paint and plastic coating from the aluminum before using it. Or you can get strips of aluminum already free of coatings from a hardware store, or from our catalog. You can get copper flashing from a hardware store and cut out a strip of it, or you can use a bunch of copper wire (the more surface area exposed to the liquid, the more electrical current is produced). Or, as before, you can get pre-cut strips from our catalog. The aluminum-copper-coke battery will produce about three quarters of a volt. Click on image for a larger picture Using a zinc strip instead of the aluminum produces a little over a volt in the copper-zinc-coke...
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...came together to see what’s with all the ruckus and what had caused the impact on the bed. Whatever it had been, there hasn’t been that much excitement since Woody had been around. The dumb-founded looks, the stares of concern amongst the other toys, and the air being literally sucked out of the room like an untied balloon suggest; that there may be something or someone replacing their spots...
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...newspapers up tightly in shape of logs. 11. How to remove oil from a driveway. Cover with sand let stand for a few days, then sweep off. 12. Keep fish hooks from rusting. Stick them in a cork and submerge in some baking soda. 13. Make sandpaper last longer. Back sandpaper with masking tape. 14. How to revive old razor blades. Rub them back and forth inside a drinking glass. 15. Remove road tar from cars. Sodium bicarbonate on a damp cloth. 16. Remove labels from bottles and jars. 17. Cut glass without a glass cutter. Use tin snips and cut under water, smooth rough edges off with knife blade. 18. Easy to unglue stamps and envelopes. Put in freezer for a few hours then flip off with knife blade. 19. Get water out of your watch. Strap watch to light bulb, turn on for a few minutes. Water drops will form on glass....
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...Ich | komme | Heiße | Bin | wohne | studiere | arbeite | | | Du(Imfml) | Kommst | Heißt | bist | wohnst | | | | | Sie(YOU) | Kommen | | | | studiert | | haben | | Ihr | | | Ist | | | | | | Er | Kommt | | Ist | wohnt | Studiert | | Hat | | Sie(they) | Kommen | | | wohnen | | Arbeiten | | | Wir | | | | | | | haben | | | | | | | | | | | 0 null | 10 zehn | 20 zwanzig | 100 hundert | 1 eins | 11 elf | 21 einundzwanzig | | 2 zwei | 12 zwölf | 22 zweiundzwanzig | | 3 drei | 13 dreizehn | 23 dreiundzwanzig | 30 dreißig | 4 vier | 14 vierzehn | 24 vierundzwanzig | 40 vierzig | 5 fünf | 15 fünfzehn | 25 fünfundzwanzig | 50 fünfzig | 6 sechs | 16 sechzehn | 26 sechundzwanzig | 60 sechzig | 7 sieben | 17 siebzehn | 27 siebenundzwanzig | 70 siebzig | 8 acht | 18 achtzehn | 28 achtundzwanzig | 80 achtzig | 9 neun | 19 neunzehn | 29 neunundzwanzig | 90 neunzig | 100 hundert | 101 hunderteins | 111 hundertelf | 200 zweihundert | 102 hundertzwei | 112 hundertzwölf | 300 dreihundert | 103 hundertdrei | 113 hundertdreizehn | 400 vierhundert | 104 hundertvier | 114 hundertvierzehn | 500 ftinfbundert | 105 hundertfünf | 115 hundertftinfzeh | 600 sechshundert | 106 hundertsechs | 116 hundertsechzehn | 700 siebenhundert | 107 hundertsieben | 117 hundertsiebzehn | 800 achthundert | 108 hundertacht | 118 hundertachtzehn | 900 neunhundert | 109 hundertneun | 119 hundertneunzehn | 1000 tausend |...
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...SIMPLE SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS HANS JURGEN PRESS 1. Astronomy Image of the Sun Place a pair of binoculars in an open window in the direct path of the sun’s rays. Stand a mirror in front of one eyepiece so that it throws an image of the sun on to the opposite wall of the room. Adjust the mirror until the image is sharp, and darken the room. You would risk damaging your eyes if you looked directly at the sun through binoculars, but you can view the bright disc on the wall as large and clear as in the movies. Clouds and birds passing over can also be distinguished and. if the binoculars are good even sunspots. These are a few hot areas on the glowing sphere, some so big that many terrestrial globes could fit into them. Because of the earth’s rotation, the sun’s image moves quite quickly across the wall. Do not forget to re-align the binoculars from time to time onto the sun. The moon and stars cannot be observed in this way because the light coming from them is too weak. 2. Sun clock Place a flowerpot with a long stick fixed into the hole at the bottom in a spot, which is sunny, all day. The stick’s shadow moves along the rim of the pot as the sun moves. Each hour by the clock mark the position of the shadow on the pot. If the sun is shining, you can read off the time. Because of the rotation of the earth the sun apparently passes over us in a semi-circle. In the morning and evening its shadow strikes the pot superficially, while; it midday, around 12 o’clock...
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...Resource Depletion and Peak Oil Peak oil and resource depletion are two very real issues that our world is facing. These issues are controversial topics and this report is going to critically analyse these concerns. Firstly, we will look at what the peak oil and climate change theories are and then discuss the on-going debate from opposing sides of the arguments for and against the peak oil theory. We will examine how these two issues are intertwined and identify the key consequences facing society. Then the current evidence that is proof of the early stages of both issues. The second part of this report will be based on a post peak oil paradigm and how the effects of peak oil, climate change and economic contraction will have on the direct investment in low density suburban property market. Firstly we will look at the concept of peak oil. The peak oil theory arose in 1956, when M. King Hubbert addressed the United States Oil Convention. His theory observed the production rates of individual oil reserves and how the production rate would increase at an exponential growth, reach a point and then decline rapidly, producing a bell shaped curve, now referred to as Hubbert’s curve. His prediction was that the United States oil reserves will reach its peak in 1970, and then decline rapidly as the demand increased and then become totally depleted. His theory was met with ridicule, however in the 1970’s the US reached its peak of 10 million barrels per day, and has been in decline...
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...example. Moral relativism is relative to some personal, social, or cultural standard and there is no one method for deciding whether one decision is better than another. Dennis Kozlowiski, who is the CEO of Tyco in 1990-2002. Tyco financed the acquisitions by taking on significant debt commitments, which by 2002 exceeded $23 billion. As Tyco expanded, some questioned the company’s ability to service its debt commitments. Other claimed that management was engaging in accounting tricks to pad its books and make the company appear significantly audited every year, and the outside accountants had detected no problems. These criticisms, which were ignored for some time, were finally shown to have some validity in 2002 when Kozlowski was forced out by the board and subsequently charged with tax evasion by federal authorities. In addition, Kozlowski used corporate asset as personal treasury, such as pay for an expensive birthday party for his wife, and to purchase an expensive Manhattan apartment and world-class art collection. 3. Between 2002 to 2005, Southwest Airlines was the only...
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