Free Essay

Contracts Law

In:

Submitted By nols13
Words 1663
Pages 7
Introduction

Le présent avis juridique a pour objectif de faire ressortir les droits que Julien possède. Pour y arriver, nous examinerons d’abord les faits dans la cause afin de soulever les questions juridiques pertinentes. Par la suite, nous étudierons les éléments du consentement contractuel qui se rattachent à la jurisprudence pour afin passer à l’analyse de ces questions par rapport aux faits pertinents.

L’exposé des faits

Un pianiste de Cap Noir, Julien, possède un bateau de pêche, LE MUSIQUE PLUS. Sachant que Louis, un pêcheur de Cap Rouge en cherchait, il lui l’offre (le sien) pour 35 000 dollars puisqu’il aimerait s’acheter un piano à queue avec cet argent. Julien lui envoie une offre par courrier indiquant que Louis devait lui répondre avant le 30 aout 2010. La lettre est rendue chez Louis le 19 aout 2010, mais puisqu’il était en prison pour pêche illégale, ce n’est qu’au 26 aout 2010 qu’il prend connaissance de la lettre. Le 27 aout 2010, Julien se rencontre avec Louis pour examiner Le MUSIQUE PLUS. Le lendemain, Louis offre à Julien 30 000 pour le bateau mais il dit qu’il réfléchira là-dessus. Par la suite, Louis veut obtenir un prêt de la banque mais elle lui le refuse en raison de son casier judiciaire. De ce fait, Louis téléphone à Julien pour lui apprendre qu’il ne pourra pas acheter le bateau, mais Julien est parti à la recherche d'un piano. Il explique donc la situation à son frère Sylvain.

Julien avait posté une lettre le 28 août 2010 dans laquelle il acceptait, sans conditions, l’offre de Louis. Lorsqu’il est de retours chez lui, Sylvain lui dit que Louis ne serait pas en mesure d’acheter le bateau faute d’argent. Questions Juridiques :

Est-ce que Julien peut fonder une action sur rupture du contrat contre Louis?
Sous questions :
a) Étant donné que la lettre d’acceptation a été postée le même jour qu’il y ait eu une révocation de l’offre, existe-t-il toujours une offre? Un contrat a-t-il véritablement été formé?
b) N’ayant pas parlé à son destinataire directement, est-ce que la révocation de l’offre a véritablement été communiquée?
¬c) Est-ce que l’utilisation de la poste constituait un moyen d’acceptation raisonnable?

Analyse : a) Étant donné que la lettre d’acceptation a été postée le même jour qu’il y ait eu une révocation
La présente affaire s’agit d’une étude sur la formation du contrat et nous porterons une attention particulière à l’acceptation et à la révocation d’une offre. Celles-ci se sont réalisées dans un délai très rapproché, donc nous examinerons la chronologie des évènements pour déterminer l’existence du contrat. Pour ce faire, nous utiliserons de la doctrine, de la jurisprudence et des règles de lois applicables. Avant de rentrer dans l’analyse de cette première question juridique, il est aussi important de savoir que la contre-offre de Louis fait qu’il est devenu le pollicitant et Julien, le destinataire. Il est aussi important de savoir qu’avant il ait eu un contrat, Julien ne magasinait pas pour un piano à queue, mais lorsque qu’il ait eu un consensus ad idem à l’égard du contrat, Julien fait les courses.

John D. McCamus nous enseigne que l’offre est révocable en tous temps avant son acceptation . Après la communication de l’acceptation, le contrat est obligatoire et une partie contractante ne peut révoquer son consentement . De ce fait, pour avoir gain de cause Julien doit utiliser la règle de l’envoi pour prouver qu’il a accepté l’offre avant qu’une révocation ait lieu. Dans l’arrêt Household Fire Insurance Co. c. Grant , la cour définit la règle de l’envoi; un contrat peut être formé par le moyen de la poste et aussitôt que la lettre d’acceptation est mise à la poste, le contrat prend naissance . Autrement dit, pour assurer consensus ad idem, lorsque l’accepteur met son offre à la poste, il désigne le bureau de poste comme mandataire de l’offrant. Une communication à un mandataire est donc équivalente à une communication aux parties eux-mêmes. Bref, comme nous l’avons vu dans l’affaire Grant, l’acceptation de Julien s’est faite au moment que sa lettre d’acceptation était mise à la poste.

Analyse : b) N’ayant pas parlé à son destinataire directement, est-ce que la révocation de l’offre a véritablement été communiquée?
McCamus dit que la révocation ne prend effet qu’au moment où l’acceptant en prend connaissance . Ceci qui veut dire que Julien doit aussi prouver que la lettre de révocation ne lui a pas fait part avant que son acceptation fût communiquée. Dans l’arrêt Byrne c. Van Tienhoven , il eu acceptation de l’offre après que la lettre de révocation était mise à la poste. Pour trancher cette question, au lieu d’utiliser la règle de l’envoi, la cour applique la règle de la communication : « an uncommunicated revocation is for all practical purpose and in point of law no revocation at all » . La cour a statué qu’il n’y a pas eu révocation de l’offre jusqu’à ce qu’elle soit communiquée. Le cas en espèce s’associe à l’affaire Byrne puisque Julien avait posté une lettre le 28 aout 2010 dans laquelle il acceptait, sans conditions, l’offre de Louis. Julien n’a donc pas pris connaissance de la révocation de l’offre avant qu’il soit revenu de son magasinage et Sylvain communique son incapacité de payer Julien, alors que Julien a déjà posté sa lettre d’acceptation.
Nous avons aussi appris dans l’arrêt Dickinson et Dodds que la communication d’une révocation à un tiers constitue un moyen légitime. Ici, l’offrant avait révoqué son offre par des vois indirects car l’acceptant avait pris connaissance indirectement que l’offrant avait contracté avec quelqu’un d’autre. L’offrant a implicitement fait connaître sa révocation et le tribunal dit qu’il était trop tard pour accepter. Dans le cas en l’espèce, Julien a pris connaissance de la révocation en parlant à un tiers, mais l’acceptation est toujours valide puisque la conversation a eu lieu après que la lettre d’acceptation soit envoyée.

Analyse : c) Est-ce que l’utilisation de la poste constituait un moyen d’acceptation raisonnable?

En l’espèce, il y a eu un lapse de temps entre la toute première offre et l’acceptation finale car Louis a rappelé Julien avec une contre-offre. Celle-ci constitue une modification des termes de l’offre et l’addition potentielle des termes nouveaux que l’acceptant doit respecté. Julien a donc pris du temps pour réfléchir et penser.

Puisque il n’y a pas eu un consentement simultané et que Louis n’a pas stipulé une date d’expiration de la contre-offre Julien avait un délai raisonnable pour communiquer son acceptation . Dans l’arrêt Barrick c. Clark , l’acceptation d’un délai de 20 jours n’était pas jugé raisonnable. L’offrant avait insisté sur une réponse rapide (télégramme) et il avait une grande demande pour l’achat de ce terrain à vendre. En regardant le commerce entre Louis et Julien, l’acceptation de l’offre s’est fait la même journée sans qu’il ait une insistance de la part du pollicitant ou des éléments qui suggèrent que le délai devrait être court.

La question est maintenant de savoir s’il est raisonnable d’envoyer l’acceptation par la poste. Julien n’a pas besoin d’avoir la permission d’utiliser bureau de post, il faut déterminer ce qu’une personne raisonnable aurait fait dans les circonstances. Dans l’arrêt Henthorn c. Fraser la cours a regardé aux faits et aux usages usuels pour trancher la même question. La cours dit que les deux parties ne résidaient pas dans le même endroit et que c’est normal d’utiliser le bureau de poste pour communiquer l’acceptation. Il était logique de croire que le demandeur aurait posté l’acceptation de l’offre. De plus la partie acceptante n’a aucune raison de penser qu’il y aura une révocation donc, il serait injuste de lui imposer le risque de la révocation. Ici, nous constatons que les parties résidaient à 100km de l’autre. Il est logique de croire que la poste soit un moyen de communication raisonnable. D’ailleurs, le téléphone et la poste constituent les moyens de communication utilisés pendant les négociations. Il n’est donc pas inattendu que Julien utilise la poste comme moyen d’accepter l’offre. Arnold J. Goldman, et William D. Sigismont nous enseigne que l’offrant assume le fardeau, étant donné qu'il a le pouvoir d'imposer le moyen de communication de l'acceptation . Il doit assumer la responsabilité des pertes car il aurait pu dicter au destinataire de l'offre un autre moyen pour la transmission de l'acceptation. Bref, en faisant du recul face à la jurisprudence, il est vrai Julien a agit de façon raisonnable.

L’offrant ne peut modifier les termes du contrat ou imposer une condition suspensive lorsqu’il a déjà eu acceptation. Si Louis aurait ajouté une condition suspensive qui faisait dépendre le contrat sur l’approbation de financement de la banque, selon la cour Suprême du Canada, Julien ne pourrait pas poursuivre en action de bris de contrat puisque « no contract exists until the condition is fulfilled » . Cela dit, l’approbation de financement par la Banque n’a jamais été énoncée comme terme du contrat, ce qui donne à Julien l’occasion de se lancer et accepter l’offre qui lui a été dirigée. Il vaut aussi la peine de dire que Louis a offert la somme de 30 000$ en argent comptant, ce qui ne causera pas d’inquiétude pour Julien.

Conclusion

La jurisprudence et la doctrine soulevées dans ce texte nous illustrent qu’il est possible de poursuivre Louis pour l’inexécution du contrat. Étant donné les circonstances, la poste constitue un moyen d’acceptation raisonnable. Louis n’a pas fait sa part pour assurer que la révocation soit bien transmit à son destinataire. De plus, la naissance du contrat a précédé la révocation puisque l’acceptation s’est fait lors de sa mise à la poste. Étant donné la situation, il est peu probable que Louis ait les fonds pour payer pour le bateau mais Julien a quand-même droit à des dommages-intérêts.

Doctrine

John D. McCamus, The Law of Contracts, 7e éd, Toronto, Irwin Law Inc., 2005.

Olivier Moréteau, Droit anglais des affaires, 1ère éd., 2000. Éditions Dalloz (Paris)

Arnold J. Goldman, William D. Sigismond, Business Law: Principles and Practices,

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Law Of Contract Definition and Nature A Contract is an agreement between two parties that creates an obligation to perform (or not perform) a particular duty. According to Section 2(h) of the Indian Contact Act of 1872, A Contract is - “An Agreement enforceable by law” In other words, A contract is a binding legal agreement. Thus we can say: Agreement + Enforceability by law = Contract Formation of Contract PROPOSAL/OFFER [SECTION 2(a)]: A person is said to make a proposal when “he signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything with a view to obtaining assent (Agree) of that other to such act or abstinence” Example: 1. Rima offers to sell her Law books to Rony . Here, Rima is offering or giving a proposal to Rony. If Rony accepts a Contact is formed. Proposal & Promise Section 2(b) of the Contract Act 1872 states that, “A proposal (Offer) when accepted becomes a promise” The person making the proposal is called the “promisor” (Offeror), and the person accepting the proposal is called the “promisee” (Offeree). [section 2(c)]. When, at the desire of the promisor, the promisee or any other person has done or abstained from doing, or does or abstains from doing, or promises to do or to abstain from doing something, such act or abstinence or promise is called a consideration for the promise. [section 2(d)]. Consideration is an important element of a Contact Agreement Thus...

Words: 4434 - Pages: 18

Premium Essay

Law of Contract

...13 MBA 16 – Business Law & Practice Module 01 - Law of Contract Coverage of: • Law of Contract: Definition, Essentials • Types of Contracts • Offer – Definition & Essentials • Acceptance - Definition & Essentials • Consideration – Definition & Essentials, Exceptions • Capacity of Parties • Free Consent • Quasi Contract • Legality of Object • Performance of Contract – Termination of Contract – Remedies for Breach of Contract Case Studies 1 The Indian Contract Act, 1872 The Indian Contract Act consists of the following two parts:  General principals of the Law of Contracts – covered under section 1 to 75; the principles apply to all kinds of contracts irrespective of their nature  Special kinds of contracts – covered under section 124 to 138 ; These special contracts are Indemnity & Guarantee (u/s124 to 147), Bailment & Pledge (u/s148 to 181) and Agency (u/s 182 to 238) in Chapter X – refer next Module 2) Section 76 to 123 – repealed by Sale of Goods Act, 1930 (refer Module 4) • • Section 239 to 266 – Chapter XI has been repealed by the Indian Partnership Act , 1932 ( not being covered separately; but major issues under different modules) The act does not affect any usage or custom of trade (u/s 1) – these prevail if reasonable & not illegal; an unique feature of this Act – most important branch of business law Some of the contracts not dealt with by the this Act are those related to Partnership, Sale of Goods (refer module 4), Negotiable...

Words: 15475 - Pages: 62

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Subject: Contract Law Section 1 (1) D (2) C (3) D (4) A (5) D (6) C (7) A (8) E (9) A (10) D (11) E (12) A (13) D (14) B (15) E Section 2 A | 5 | B | 8 | C | 7 | D | 9 | E | 2 | F | 10 | G | 6 | H | 1 | I | 3 | J | 4 | Section 3 Question 1 (1) Repudiation or anticipatory breach – An anticipatory breach of contract occurs when one of the parties unlawfully and unequivocally refuses to render performance of the contract. Basically repudiation is when either party owns performance of the contract and refuses to render it, not because he is entitled to do so. The repudiation can either be accepted or refused by the innocent party. Take note that if the innocent party does so ignore the repudiation, the legal position of both parties will remain unchanged. The innocent party must abide by his choice once it has been made. He will also lose the right to rescind if he refused to accept the repudiation or if the repudiation hasn’t been accepted within a reasonable time. To constitute an actual breach of contract the repudiation must be accepted and notice should be issued to the debtor, by the innocent party and will then amount to a rescission of the contract. The creditor may sue for the contracts rescission and damages if the contracts performance isn’t due yet. (2) Default of the debtor (mora debitoris) Mora debitoris – this is a form of breach of contract that takes...

Words: 5013 - Pages: 21

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Contents Question 1 | Pages | Contact Documents | 1 | Execution of the Contract | 1 | Requirement of Writing | 1 | Domestic Building Contracts | 2 | Variations | 2 | Question 2 | | How a Court Interprets Ambiguities and Inconsistencies | 2 & 3 | Definitions of Key Words | 3 | Order of Precedence | 3 | The Parol Evidence Rule | 3 | “Maxims” of Construction | 3 & 4 | Relevant Clauses | 4 | Rectification of Contracts | 4 | Criteria for Rectification | 4 | Question 3 | | Void for uncertainty | 5 | lump sum payment | 5 & 6 | Fixed date for completion | 6 | Stipulating a liquated damages amount | 6 | The prevention doctrine | 6 | Entitlements to an extension of time | 6 | | | References | 7 | Question 1 An abundance of documents may or may not form part of the building contract. How can a builder protect itself from any argument of what documents constitute the contract? If it’s not made clear during the contract formation stage which documents will form the building contract, disputes regarding what documents constitute the contract are likely to occur. To avoid this, the following precautions should be adopted by the builder. Before evaluating the documentation, the formation of the agreement must be assessed to ensure all essential elements are included, to make the contract legally binding. These elements consist of an intention to create a legal obligation, an offer and...

Words: 3657 - Pages: 15

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Elements of a Contract By Michael A. Petrat Business Law 206 Most people in our society are involved in contractual agreements of some kind. In most, if not all, aspects of law contracts can be found. Contracts are involved in family law, corporate law, employment law, litigation and real estate. Elements of a Contract: A contract is an agreement reached after sufficient consideration to do, or refrain from doing, some legal action. A contract is considered valid when two or more parties with capacity make an agreement involving valid consideration to do or to refrain from doing some lawful act. If these elements exist, the contract is valid. If one or more or these necessary elements is missing, the contract is void or voidable. In other words, it is not a true contract and therefore cannot be enforced. A void contract is no contract at all. It is not binding and no action can be maintained if it is breached. A disaffirmed is not necessary to avoid a void contract. If a contract can be rejected by one of the parties on legal grounds, it is called a voidable contract. A voidable contract is valid and binding unless the entitled party (the party who has legal grounds to reject the contract) voids it. A defect exists. The defect may be cured by ratification of the entitled party. The three basic components of a contract are the offer, the consideration and the acceptance. The following are six elements that are to help to determine whether or not the basic components...

Words: 3196 - Pages: 13

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...------------------------------------------------- CORPORATE LAW ASSIGNMENT NO. 1 March 24, 2015 Ujala Liaqat BBA-2K11 (SECTION A) March 24, 2015 Ujala Liaqat BBA-2K11 (SECTION A) WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OFFER AND INVITATION TO TREAT? An offer is a statement of the terms which the client (the offeror) is prepared to be contractually bound. The offer must be complete, specific and capable of being accepted. It must include the fundamental terms of the agreement with the intention that no further negotiations are to take place. Client offer contractor the work and therefore the contractor must carry out the work under the client’s terms and conditions. It is possible to make a conditional offer. The effect of this is that an offer cannot be accepted if the condition has not been satisfied. For example the client requires the contractor to have a specific tool or machine before an offer can be made. Termination of offer: * The offer is withdrawn or revoked at any time prior to acceptance provided there has been communication between the client and the contractor; * The client making the offer dies; * Failure of a condition. An invitation to treat is different to an offer as it only invites the party to make an offer and it is not intended to be binding. The contractors are invited to bid on the job, by calculating the total work cost and to have the tenders submitted in a specified time. The main difference between this situation and an auction...

Words: 447 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...existence of contract law is to prevent any sort of illegal behaviour, injustice and to clarify any confusion or misunderstanding amongst the offerror and the offeree. Everybody in this world is an offeree as we all purchase goods and services to meet our personal needs and if our expectations are not met, there is a problem which is why the contract is created for both parties to follow. However, if either of them fails to do so, then they are in breach of contract and the aggrieved party has legal rights that they can try and enforce. A contract is formed when there is an offer or acceptance. In this assignment I have been given a case to resolve and advise the parties whether they are in breach of contract or not. A contract is a promise or set of promises the law will enforce. The scenario I have been given states that Fred placed an advertisement providing his potential buyers with the information given below. ‘Garage sale of law books. Items include the entire set of Weekly Law Reports from 1970 – 1990 to be sold to the first person who is willing to pay £100 for the lot. Sale starts Saturday 11th December at 9am. Address 1, Fairfield Road, Hygate, Telephone Number, Hygate 12345.’ Hence, Peter sets out early on Saturday 11th December to be the first one in the queue and offers £100 to Fred. However, he discovers that Fred has sold the books to Sally who had phoned him to purchase the books as soon as she saw the advertisement. In order for a contract to arise, there...

Words: 1054 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Contract Law Shaconta Coy Rasmussen College Author Note This paper is being submitted on February 7, 2015, for Thomas Santangelo’s Section 03 Business Law course. Contract Law Case Study #1 After Gladys and Sam had got married, they bought a home. Sam’s father signed the mortgage note with the couple and also made monthly house payments. Shirley moved in with Sam a few later after Gladys moved out. Sam’s father stopped making monthly payments, and Shirley and Sam did not make any payments either. The mortgage company stated that Gladys needs to make the payments. Gladys remembers that third-party beneficiary and novation could help her in this situation. An individual who will gain from a contract drawn between the original parties is a third-party beneficiary. This third party beneficiary was not involved in the initial contract itself, but if the contract is completed, the third party stands to receive a benefit. Under certain conditions, the third party has legal rights to enforce the contract or share in its proceeds. Gladys would not be considered third-party beneficiary simply because she was a part of the original contract. Novation is an agreement of parties to a contract to substitute a new contract for the old one. A novation is usually used when the parties find that costs or act cannot be made under the terms of the original contract. While voluntary, a novation is often the only way any funds can be paid. If all parties can agree, a novation would solve...

Words: 449 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Contract Law (Mutuality of Consideration) November 7, 20013 SUMMARY OF FACTS Bernie is selling his 2006 Ford Fusion. Vivian makes an offer to buy Bernie’s car for $12,000. Bernie and Vivian meet and agree on the selling price of $12,500. Vivian needs more time to come up the money for the car. Bernie agrees to give Vivian time to come up with the money to purchase his car. Bernie requires Vivian to put down a $1,000 deposit and pay the full balance by March 31st. Bernie drafts up an agreement; and in the agreement and it is stated that if the buyer breaches the agreement, the seller may keep the buyer’s deposit, but the shall be limited to this remedy and only this remedy. Likewise, is the seller breaches the agreement, the seller must refund the purchaser’s deposit, but the parties shall be limited to this remedy and only this remedy. Vivian reads and signs the agreement. Later Vivian realizes that she is not going to be able to get the money together by the deadline. She call’s Bernie to tell him that she is pulling out the deal. Bernie says he is going to keep the deposit. Vivian sues for her deposit claiming there was no mutuality of consideration for the agreement and the contract was therefore void. ISSUE Under Virginia law is their mutuality of consideration when the seller could back out of the agreement by giving the purchaser her deposit back. Rule |Sayres v. Wheatland Group |L.L.C. | OVERVIEW: Defendants sought to apply...

Words: 2144 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Ball Co [1892] 2 QB 484 Prepared by Claire Macken Facts: • Carbolic Smoke Ball Co (def) promises in ad to pay 100 pounds to any person who contracts flu after using smoke ball. • Carlill (plaintiff) uses ball but contracts flu + relies on ad. Issue: Was there a binding contract between the parties? - A contract requires notification of acceptance – Did Mrs Carlill notify Carbolic of the acceptance of the offer? - Did Mrs Carlill provide consideration in exchange for the 100 pounds reward? Def argument is: There was no binding contract – the words of the ad did not amount to a promise b/c: • the ad was too vague to make a contract – there was no limit as to time & no means of checking use of the ball by consumers; • the terms are too vague to make a contract- no limit as to time – a person might claim they contracted flu 10 yrs after using the remedy • No contract b/c a contract requires communication of intention to accept the offer or performance of some overt act Plaintiff’s argument is: ad was an offer they were under an obligation to fulfill because it was published so it would be read and acted upon & it was not an empty boast. • The promise was not vague - & there was consideration. Held: (Application). There was a binding contract. Carlill successful. Lindley LJ – The ad was an express promise – to pay 100 pounds to anyone who contracts flu after using the ball three times daily x 2 weeks. • The ad was not a mere puff: b/c of this statement “1000 is deposited with the Alliance...

Words: 772 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...There are a number of laws which are enforced when it comes to the regulating sales promotion. There are different acts which ensures the promotion of sales is equal and business follow. Sales promotion the regulatory framework Introduction The introduction should be designed to attract the reader's attention and give her an idea of the essay's focus. Main Body Express and Implied Terms 1. Define express terms and implied terms Key Cases: Ashmore v Lloyds, Spring v National Amalgamated SS & Dockers, Hutton v Warren, Spurling v Bradshaw & Schweppe v Harper 2. Terms implied by Statute: Sale of Goods Act, Supply of Goods Act 3. Terms implied by Common Law: Liverpool CC v Irwin & Scally v Southern Health Board 4. Distinguish between Conditions and Warranties Key Cases: Bettini v Gye & Poussard v Spiers & Pond Exclusion and Limitation Clauses 5. Define an exclusion clause Key Cases: Thompson v LMS (contractual documents), L’Estrange v Graucob (signed contracts), Spurling v Bradshaw (unsigned contracts and notices) 6. Fundamental Breach: Unfair Contracts Terms Act Key Cases: Karles v Wallis & Photo Production v Securicor 7. Statutory Restrictions: SEE STUDENT HANDBOOK PP. 46 – 48 Key Cases: R & B Customs Brokers v UDT, Smith v Eric Bush & St Alban’s DC v ICL Conclusion The conclusion brings closure to the reader, summing up your points or providing a final perspective on your topic. All the conclusion needs is three or four strong sentences, which...

Words: 272 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...DISCHARGEMENT OF CONTRACT The law of contracts forms a substantial part of our various relationships that can have some sort of influence over us on an almost daily basis – even when there is no physical contract in front of us we may still be privy to some sort of contractual obligation. Alternatively, if you’re a fan of social theorists such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, you may argue that we’re also bound by ‘the social contract’, but we digress. Getting back to our original point, the law of contracts plays an enormous role in many of our interactions and for the most part, there may be no real concern in regards to the performance of a contract and an agreement will be completed accordingly. However, this does not mean that issues won’t arise within a contractual relationship, and there may be circumstances where you may need to discharge a contractwhich can be done by either one, or all of the parties to the agreement, and can be discharged by either: * BY PERFORMANCE * BY MUTUAL AGREEMENT * BY SUPERVENING IMPOSSIBILITY * BY OPERATION OF LAW * BY LAPSE OF TIME * BY LAPSE OF TIME BY PERFORMANCE Before exploring the general ways in which a contract can be discharged, the most obvious way in which acontract will come to an end, is when all parties fulfil their contractual obligations and the contract has been discharged via performance. Easy. Exceptions to performance Some people may be of the belief...

Words: 2112 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Contract Law Employment Contracts Entry Level vs. Executive Entry Level Contracts The contract that is being introduced is for an entry-level position at Taboo Resort Golf and Spa. The contract itself is very generic and can apply to any entry-level position at the resort. Although the contract does not speak to specific position, it was presented to a future front desk agent. The contract is not lengthy and is divided into sections. This method assures that the future employee is reading the full contract and is not missing any important or valuable information. The following will deconstruct the contract in order to show how the resort showcases risk management. Hours, Wages &Gratuities The contract first outlines the duration of your work period. In this case a six-month period was discussed and agreed to. The front desk agent was considered as a full time position therefore it was expected to have forty hours of work a week. However, the contract notes in bold, “Please note that hours are based on business, we cannot always guarantee 40 hours per week.” This is a great example of how Taboo Resort saves them from explaining to employees why they may not be getting many hours. Though they are considered full time, it states in the contract that they are not promised these hours due to the nature of the industry. However is you are keen on working forty or more hours there is always a way to negotiate. At a resort there are many departments that need help...

Words: 2682 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Law of Contract

...A) Law of contract An agreement enforceable in law, a contract, needs to fulfill 4 elements: offer, acceptance, consideration and intention to be valid. It legally binds parties to act in accordance to the verbal or written terms stated in the contract. If there is a breach of contract, the innocent party can sue for damages or demand for specific performance to be done. a) Applicable law There are three categories of terms of contract: conditions, warranties and innominate terms. Classifications of these terms are imperative as consequence faced will vary from termination of contract and/or paying for damages. Condition terms are the fundamental terms of a contract, going to the very root of the contract (Poussard v Spiers (1876)). A breach of condition allows the company to terminate the contract and collect reparation from the contract breaker. Applying fact to law In this case, Ravi and MicroHard signed a contract where one of the terms- (3) stated in the contract was that MicroHard will provide resources and utilize employees to perform the necessary services. People engage MicroHard solely for its software support services. Therefore, it is a condition that MicroHard will provide services to resolve software problems. However, MicroHard did not fulfill those conditions. The sent employee was incompetent and failed to perform the service of repairing Ravi’s software. Therefore there was a breach of condition by MicroHard. Conclusion Both parties had the intention...

Words: 853 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Contract Law

...Contract [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Contracts Introduction A contract is a legal agreement between two parties. For a contract to be valid, it must meet all prerequisites of the law, should bind the involved parties, and should be implementable in a legal court. Legal Competency: This means that the contract must be legally recognizable, i.e. both the parties entering into the agreement must have reached legal age (Miller, 2010). 1. Mutual Agreement: Also known as mutual consent, this means that both the parties entering the contract must be willing (and able). 2. Consideration: This refers to the payoff of the contract for both the parties involved. It can be monetary (valuable consideration) or in the form of physical items (goods consideration). 3. Stated Contract: The contract should be written in clear terms, in order to be clearly understood by both the parties (Beale et al 2010). Therefore, in light of the above framed notions, the case of Don Willetts will be deciphered. Moreover, this paper will address 2 questions in order to meet the pretext of the paper. Q1: What should you do about continuing to do business with Don? Answer: In the context of this case, the business with the Don should be stopped right away. As he took advantage of the 17 year old boy and made him sign the contract. Although the 17 year old should have told about the contract. The business with the Don should be stopped on the basis of ill intention...

Words: 1312 - Pages: 6