...they think or know they can get away with it. According to the Choice Theory, the threat of punishment does not deter juvenile delinquency. “Choice Theory holds that youths will engage in delinquent and criminal behavior after weighing the consequences and benefits of their actions; delinquent behavior is a rational choice made by a motivated offender who perceives that the chances of gain outweigh any possible punishment or loss. Some experts believe that delinquent acts will not be committed if teenagers are punished severely. Crime prevention strategies include general deterrence, specific deterrence, and situational crime prevention. General deterrence is crime control policies that depend on the fear of the criminal penalties such as long prison sentences for violent crimes; this strategy is to convince teenagers that the pain of the punishment outweighs the benefits of the criminal act. Specific deterrence is the strategy that if convicted offenders are sent to jail or prison, the punishment is severe enough to deter them from committing another crime once released. Situational crime prevention sis the strategy that relies on reducing the opportunity to commit criminal acts by making them more difficult to perform, reducing their reward, and increasing their risks. Specific deterrence coincides with the general deterrence method. Specific deterrence focuses on the use of harsh punishments, such as extremely long incarceration terms in facilities that are unpleasant. In return...
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...Punishment and Sentencing Brian Krail CJA/234 11/20/2011 Punishment and Sentencing Crimes against morality and individual rights have existed since the dawn of man as well as the need to punishment those crimes. Public consciousness and sentiment have evolved over time and greatly influence the goals of modern-day punishment criminals. The legal and correctional systems tend to fall in line with this morals and concepts of their respective era. While threat of prison and punishment may be deterrence to crime, the goals of punishment and sentencing can be placed into the categories of rehabilitation, retributions and incapacitation. Through the classification of crimes and prisoners, the modern-day correctional system emphasizes a hybrid mix of these objectives based on the severity of the crime and susceptibility of the criminal. Incapacitation as a goal or strategy in punishment and sentencing is best focused on those offenders who commit crimes at very high rates. By taking a large slice of out of the life of a career criminal, the punishment has prevented, in theory, the number of crimes that individual, would have been committed if that while in society. Since the 1980’s, the United States has increasingly taken a this approach which has led to increased sentences for the majority of offenders also leading to prison overcrowding. The effectiveness of this strategy is often debated although many of not most studies conclude this strategy does provide...
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...Introduction The various mixture philosophies are a great idea. The primary model should be incapacitation. There should not be any television or any activities for criminals that carry a heavy violation. Criminals that are incarcerated have too many luxuries. This paper will discuss the different punishment levels dealing with the juvenile system. These philosophies are used to express a variety of different concerns and arguments regarding the use of appropriate sentencing and treatment. Some of the main philosophies of punishment are retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation. Retribution is an idea that the people who violate the law by committing a crime, deserves to be punished. People who violate the law should be punished just because they broke the law. Most critics argue that punishment is not always the actual outcome. Deterrence is an idea that those who commit a crime must be punished to serve as an example so that people will think twice about committing a crime. Incapacitation is for an offender who is being punished will not be able to go back into society to commit more crimes. For most offenders being in prison is supposed to allow the prisoner to suffer for his criminal violations. The advantage to this philosophy is that incarceration keeps people from getting hurt, and more importantly takes the offender of the streets. Rehabilitation is seeking the reason that the crime was committed in the first place. Rehabilitation is ranged from providing...
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...but also time added on to their sentence. Deviance on the officer’s part would be considered how poorly they treat the inmates (for example in cases of health). This documentary shows one of the main goals of corrections: fair punishment and community protection. Tent city not only punishes inmates fairly (provides retribution), but also protects the community from further crime. But, the purpose of corrections is deterrence, not revenge. In Tent City the conditions are so strict because the Sheriff wants the inmates to leave learning something and correcting their behavior so they do not have to come back. There are three deterrence requirements that must be filled: severity, swiftness, and certainty. Tent City fills all these requirements by always being available to bring in more people, the sheriff said he would rather build many more tent cities than let people go early. They focus on both general and specific deterrence by proudly displaying the conditions there. General deterrence is when they prevent other individuals from committing a crime. Specific deterrence is when an individual is prevented from committing the same crime again. The sentencing process is the same there as other places, tent city is just meant as an overflow jail, so that when other local jails are full the inmates go to tent city. The only population characteristics that are proven to be true in tent city is the fact that most people in jail are men, there were no women shown there. Other than that...
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...lead to countless problems. When a person fails to fulfill a moral or legal obligation, he/she will be punished by law. However, it is very difficult to choose the effective laws to punish or deter the criminals from committing more crimes in the future. Over the years, crime control laws have been questioned because it is critical for the government to choose the right one in order to reduce crimes. While some approaches have proven to be very successful; however, some approaches have not done its job properly. In this essay, we are going to talk about two approaches to crime control: deterrence and retribution. Deterrence is the use of punishment as a threat to deter people from offending or committing crimes. We think that deterrence is very successful due to two reasons. First, it represents as a yardstick to prevent people from breaking the laws. For example, in Singapore they use deterrence in their country and we think that it is very effective. In a picture taken by Mr. Steve Bennett, “A sign present in most MRTs in Singapore, banning food/drink, flammable liquid, smoking. . . .” (Bennett, 2005). Steve’s picture tells us that you cannot smoke or bring flammable liquid when you are in Singapore’s Mass Rapid Transit system. By doing so, you will be fined ranging from $500 to $1000. Nobody wants to lose $1000 because he/she is smoking in Singapore’s MRTs. As you can see, if the deterrent laws are strongly enforced, it will prevent people from breaking the laws. Second, deterrent...
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...punishing people to punish them or to reform law-breakers? Many judges punish law-breakers because they deserve the punishment. They use retribution, vengeance, deterrence, and protection. Judges, now in days, can choose between punishment and reform. Many people think that reform is the right way to go because reform tries to change the offender’s character so that he will not break the law again. Other people think that law-breakers should be punished to a certain extent according to the crime they commit, and they also should be punished because they deserve punishment. I think the penalties for breaking the law of a society should be designed to reform law-breakers for a couple of reasons. I think that reform will help law-breakers with any problems they have. I also think that reform will keep criminals from committing g a crime again. Many would argue that the penalties for breaking the laws of a society be designed to punish law-breakers. Many say that a law-breaker should be punished because they deserve it, which is also known as retribution. There is a saying that states if you do the crime you do the time. Judges also say that the crime they commit is one hundred percent preventable. This is the reason why judges say the law-breaker should be punished because they deserve it. Many would also use deterrence as an excuse to punish law-breakers. Judges will punish a law-breaker excessively to prevent them from doing the crime again. If individual criminals were not punished...
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...Delinquency Deterrence Response Julieanith Rodriguez CJS/140 9/27/15 Rani Moore Delinquency Deterrence Response The threat of punishment does deter juvenile delinquency, it just a matter of finding the right techniques and convincing juveniles that if they are found committing any criminal activities they will be punished severely. Crime deterrence is very important, finding ways to stop juveniles from participating in criminal activities before the crime happens. Making it so difficult that it would not be even worth to try. According to Siegel (2005), general deterrence holds that the choice to commit delinquent acts can be controlled by the threat of punishment. Finding ways to convince adolescents that if they participate in any criminal activities they will be punished is the key to deter crime. Juveniles decide to commit crime because they feel like they can get away and nothing will happen. Specific deterrence holds that if young offenders are punished severely the experience will convince them not to repeat their illegal acts. Although this strategies seems to have a negative effect, most juveniles that are severely punished end up reoffending. It seems like the experience of punishment motivate some adolescent to reoffend. (Siegel, 2005). Situational crime prevention suggest that by convincing juveniles that their illegal activities are risky, that the gain is minimal and there are no chances of success they will choose not to commit crime. Basically...
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...Theories of Juvenile Delinquency Juvenile delinquency is a threat to society and accordingly, the need to develop an understanding of the deviant behavior is of an utmost importance. There are several theories that explain delinquency and collectively, they provide a greater understanding for administrators and policy makers that are essential in developing programs and treatments that reduce juvenile delinquency and minimize its impact on our societies. This paper will discuss two prominent theories, the choice theory and the learning theories Choice Theories According to the choice theory, juveniles are rational beings that make a choice of committing an unlawful act on the basis of their evaluation of the risks and benefits derived from the behavior (Taylor, Fritsch, & Caeti, 2011). Should they evaluate a greater benefit than risk, then the behavior will occur. If the risks outweigh the benefits, then they are more likely to refrain from the unlawful behavior. In essence, the choice theory believe in the fact that we are driven by pain and pleasure, hedonistic beings that will only refrain from a pleasure lathed unlawful behavior only if it is associated with significant pain that deter the individual from the behavior. One of the theories that are derived from the choice theory is the deterrence theory. The deterrence theory revolves around the same principles of risk and benefit however, it does not assume that juveniles are necessarily making rational decisions derived...
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...CJS 240 Complete Class Purchase here http://chosecourses.com/cjs-240-complete-class Description CJS 240 Week 1-Appendix B – Statistics CJS 240 Week 2-Assignment - Individual Theories CJS 240 Week 2-Checkpoint - Delinquency Deterrence Response CJS 240 Week 3-Checkpoint - Sociological Theories Response CJS 240 Week 4-Assignment - Gender and Family CJS 240 Week 4-Checkpoint - Case Study Critique CJS 240 Week 5-Appendix D - The Justice Systems CJS 240 Week 6-Assignment - Corrections and Treatment CJS 240 Week 6-Checkpoint - Probation Presentation CJS 240 Week 7-Appendix E - Gang Development and Control CJS 240 Week 8-Assignment - Drug Czar Presentation CJS 240 Week 8-Checkpoint - Drug Use and Delinquency Response CJS 240 Complete Class Purchase here http://chosecourses.com/cjs-240-complete-class Description CJS 240 Week 1-Appendix B – Statistics CJS 240 Week 2-Assignment - Individual Theories CJS 240 Week 2-Checkpoint - Delinquency Deterrence Response CJS 240 Week 3-Checkpoint - Sociological Theories Response CJS 240 Week 4-Assignment - Gender and Family CJS 240 Week 4-Checkpoint - Case Study Critique CJS 240 Week 5-Appendix D - The Justice Systems CJS 240 Week 6-Assignment - Corrections...
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...Delinquency Deterrence Response Rupert Pulliam CJS/240 July 24, 2014 William Fuller Delinquency Deterrence Response Some juveniles are not deterred by punishment when continuously committing crimes. However, I think it depends on the individual. Some juveniles become a victim of their circumstances, for example when he or she is released from prison if that behavior, people, and places do not change then that individual will continue to get into trouble. In addition that individual has to want to change, he or she has to change their thought process. Also if that individual does not have a good support system when transition from prison to home, he or she will more than likely get back into trouble, he or she may feel as if no one cares anyway. General deterrence is based on the fear of punishment, if a juvenile delinquent fears a long prison sentence, then he or she may decide not to commit the crime. However, General deterrence do not stop some juveniles because they know, they will not receive a harsh sentence. Specific deterrence is based upon moving criminals to s a secure facility so that the punishment is so harsh the criminal would not want to commit a crime once released. Situational Crime Prevention is aimed at reducing criminal opportunities. Speaking from experience, this does not work well at deterring criminal activity either. Chicago, Illinois has installed video surveillance cameras in high crimes area of Chicago and for the last 3 years Chicago has been...
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... http://chosecourses.com/cjs-240-complete-class Description CJS 240 Week 1-Appendix B – Statistics CJS 240 Week 2-Assignment - Individual Theories CJS 240 Week 2-Checkpoint - Delinquency Deterrence Response CJS 240 Week 3-Checkpoint - Sociological Theories Response CJS 240 Week 4-Assignment - Gender and Family CJS 240 Week 4-Checkpoint - Case Study Critique CJS 240 Week 5-Appendix D - The Justice Systems CJS 240 Week 6-Assignment - Corrections and Treatment CJS 240 Week 6-Checkpoint - Probation Presentation CJS 240 Week 7-Appendix E - Gang Development and Control CJS 240 Week 8-Assignment - Drug Czar Presentation CJS 240 Week 8-Checkpoint - Drug Use and Delinquency Response CJS 240 Week 9-Final Project - Justice System Position Paper - Juvenile Justice System Item #: CJS 240 Complete Class CJS 240 Complete Class Purchase here http://chosecourses.com/cjs-240-complete-class Description CJS 240 Week 1-Appendix B – Statistics CJS 240 Week 2-Assignment - Individual Theories CJS 240 Week 2-Checkpoint - Delinquency Deterrence Response CJS 240 Week 3-Checkpoint - Sociological Theories Response CJS 240 Week 4-Assignment - Gender and Family CJS 240 Week 4-Checkpoint - Case Study Critique CJS...
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...1. Assumptions we make lead us to the behavior we exhibit when explaining or reacting to Juvenile delinquency. Explain how these assumptions about human nature shape our explanations and reactions to juvenile delinquency. a) The assumption of juvenile delinquency in the 17th century was primarily focused on how human beings were characterized by reason, free will, and hedonism. This means that humans are basically selfish by nature. Every action they perform is only to benefit themselves. Life is about survival of the fittest and each person has the ability to reason and make his or her own decisions. So this assumption describes delinquency as a direct result of the actions performed in order to feed our naturally selfish human nature and will eventually lead to deviance, therefore punishment will occur. b) The modernistic approach to delinquency focuses on the fact that human beings are products of forces over which they have no control. Science, including biological, psychological and even geographical forces all shape a person’s tendency to deviate. So with that thought in mind, a modernist would describe the reason why juveniles’ deviate is because they are psychologically “odd”. So this assumption says delinquency is a result of a child who was basically “wired” wrong and essentially abnormal. c) The post-modernistic assumption says that the struggles of everyday life cause deviant behavior. The environment a person is brought up in, their individual knowledge of the...
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...Delinquent Deterrence When it comes down to deterring delinquency the saying “Bark is bigger than their bite.” I say this because in today’s society young people are not easily deterred from doing bad things by just the fear of punishment. That just makes them want to do it to see if they can get away with the crime. In the world of crimes and punishments’ the whole idea is that if one person gets punished for a crime that it should deter others from committing the crime. If this is the case then it is not working because we still have robbers, gangs, shootings, etc. Providing examples for each of these would be as follows. General Deterrence Our reading states that “The general deterrence concept holds that the choice to commit delinquent acts can be controlled by the threat of punishment” (2005 Wadsworth, pg. 53). A good example of this would be to have more police officers on a force so that way they are seen all over the place and with more police officers the young people might think they may get caught. Specific Deterrence Specific Deterrence, according to the concept “If young offenders are punished severely the experience will convince them not to repeat their illegal acts” (2005 Wadsworth pg. 56). They have programs for young offenders so I would have to say that would be a good example for specific deterrence is put the young offender...
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...Individual Theories CJS/240 10/06/2014 Juvenile delinquency is one of the largest issues dealt with in our society today. The immediate assumption to this issue is that individuals lacking a good lifestyle and low social class are more likely to commit any type of crime. But then there are those individuals with the same life situation who are law-abiding citizen, and sometimes end up obtaining a college degree. There are also those individuals who come from an established household with good parenting and a proper upbringing who commit crimes. The question is why do some juveniles commit crime while others who are in the same situation do not? Many experts believe the answer to juvenile misbehavior is on the individual itself, and not the social or economic level. Considering this, there are two different major theories about juvenile crime. Psychodynamic theory places it emphasis on the notion that one of the main causes of juvenile delinquency is children’s abnormal personalities that were created and developed in earlier life. This psychodynamic approach states that traumatic experiences during early childhood can prevent the ego and superego from developing properly, therefore leaving the Id with greater power (Palmerin, n.d.). The Specific deterrence theory refers to the effect that punishing one wrongdoer has on preventing others from committing offenses in the future. To determine the effect one has to ask what most individuals will believe will happen to...
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...adolescents who commit a crime are treated differently from legal adults who have committed the same crime. A juvenile court may hear juvenile cases ranging from truancy to drug dependency issues. The parents or guardians of juveniles are usually required to appear and participate in the disposition of their child case. Disposition can include the parents or guardian being fined for not getting their child to school as required. Juvenile cases are handled differently than adult criminal cases. Instead of criminal district or county court, juvenile cases are heard by a juvenile court judge. There are many differences exist between the adult and juvenile court systems. At its core, the adult court system focuses on deterrence and justice as the rationale for prosecuting offenders whereas the juvenile system commits to rehabilitating delinquent youths into upstanding citizens. Nonetheless, both adult and juvenile courts protects the public and enforce laws, meaning that the overarching procedure remain the same. Another differences between juvenile and adult court is adult court you have bail hearing ,trail, complaint or indictment ,defendant, verdict and guilty. Where in minor court you have detention hearing, fact- finding hearing,...
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