...Instructions Write a 100 to 200 word reflective essay describing your growth in Curricular Endpoint A, B, C, and D. In your essays, please describe the activities or assignments that have helped you progress in the curricular endpoint. Please also describe how your experiences and growth will impact your future practice. Please write your essays below each curricular endpoint. You may attach relevant artifacts (e.g. photos or text) Curricular Endpoint A: Patient Care Provide patient care in cooperation with patients, prescribers, and other members of an interprofessional health care team based upon sound therapeutic principles and evidence-based data, taking into account relevant legal, ethical, social, cultural, economic and professional issues, emerging technologies, and evolving biomedical, pharmaceutical, social, behavioral, administrative and clinical sciences that may impact therapeutic outcomes. Years ago the practice of pharmacy mainly involved preparing and dispensing drugs that have been prescribed to patients while lacking patient interaction, However, the pharmacy profession now has moved from that of a "count and pour era" to that of patient-centered care. In other words, no longer does the practice of pharmacy includes simply filling out prescriptions, but also include being part of the health care team. It now includes being directly involved in patient care; providing counseling about new drug therapy, and providing education on disease process. Due to the...
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...Name: Tutor Course: Date: Why Marijuana should be legalized Introduction Various governments have made numerous drugs illegal while others remain legal. Such drugs include cocaine, heroin, methane, marijuana, alcohol, bath salts or synthetic cathinone, hallucinogens, methamphetamine and many others. However, some are legal to use; the use of others are limited while others are illegal. For instance, alcohol is legal in most countries while its use is limited in others in terms of time one can use them and in terms of amounts that one can consume. Nonetheless, most of these drugs are illegal including cocaine, heroin, marijuana and many others. However, even though some drugs are termed as harmful, they should receive some considerations to legalize them due to numerous reasons. Particularly, marijuana should be legalized. Marijuana refers to the dried flowers, leaves, seeds and stems from the hemp plant. Scientifically referred to as Cannabis sativa, that contains the mind-altering (psychoactive) chemical, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), alongside other associated compounds. Commonly, it is utilized for its physiological and psychoactive effects that can elevate euphoria or mood, appetite, and relaxation. Discussion Over the past few decades, they have been serious discussion on whether to legalize marijuana or not. Many know the reasons as to why marijuana should not be legalized. Some of the reasons put forward for not legalizing marijuana are that it harmful to...
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...------------------------------------------------- HIM 4083 Health Organization Trends ------------------------------------------------- Exam 2 ------------------------------------------------- Essay Questions – Turn in by midnight Tuesday, February 25, 2014 via www.turnitin.com Each question should be answered with 2-4 paragraphs for maximum credit. Answer the question (which may be your opinion) and then substantiate your answer. 1. Discuss the major problems facing hospitals today. Offer some possible solutions to each of these problems. Some of the major problems that face hospitals today include; cost increases, bed surpluses, and the overemphasis of specialized care vs. primary care. Cost increases for hospitals are caused by several different factors. According to a report by the American Hospital Association, labor cost accounts for more than half of hospitals’ total expenses. This number grew by between 5 to 8% a year from 2002 to 2009. Another issue effecting hospitals is the growth in patients covered by Medicare and Medicaid. These patients represent 60% of all admissions. These programs do not pay the full cost of care. The AHA claims the amount each program pays has decreased significantly year after year. Patients unable to pay for care amount to about 6% of hospitals’ cost. To me a universal health care system would definitely assist in this problem. If everyone paid a portion for the same health care, then costs would not rise so high. ...
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...Hemp, Hemp, Hemp. By: Andy Boustany. Lebanese American University. Hemp, Hemp, Hemp. For many years, Hemp served as an industrial sourcing of filament and oilseed. It has been utilized everywhere on the planet to make a mixture of modern and customer like items. Starting today, around 30 nations develop mechanical hemp as an agrarian product, and for exceptional reason for why it does. It is then sold on the planet’s business sector. However in the states, the handling of hemp is strictly viewed by pill authorization laws. Consequently there is no proper viable domestic production and the states, more often, import it instead of processing it on its own ground. Yet there has been an act called the mechanical Hemp Farming Act of 2013 that picked up major consideration in the past couple of months starting this paper, which might prompt the entryway opening of business growth of hemp in the states. Hemp is a greatly flexible plant and is apparently the most adaptable farming product in the known universe. It ought to be learned about fittingly, completely lawful and developed all over the place. Hemp is a subordinate of the old English word “hænep”. The produces and limbs of the plant are all usually termed hemp, some of which incorporate the produces of strand, oil and even seed. Hemp has experienced phases of refinement to make items like hemp seed nourishments, hemp oil, wax, sap, rope, material, mash and even fuel. Historically speaking, Hemp is one of the oldest...
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...Review on Interruptions during Drug Rounds | Cohort: March 2010 | | Student ID: | | Word count: 3292 Additional Module 1 | It is generally accepted that evidence-based practice (EBP) is the way forward in contemporary nursing. It provides the rationale behind nursing practice and allows for the delivery of optimal nursing care. Evidence-Based Nursing (EBN) involves the process of researching and implementing proven evidence in providing better patient care and is crucial as the role of the nurse is ever expanding (Banning, 2005). This essay will demonstrate that as a student nurse, the author has gained the necessary skills to conduct an evidence-based literature search and review and implement that knowledge into practice. Starting with a brief discussion on EBN it will go on to identify a suitable research question. During a placement on a medical ward the author noticed that nurses experienced many interruptions whilst conducting medication rounds and this review will consider ways to minimise interruptions and thus improve patient safety. Using the PICO acronym a suitable research question was formulated, ‘do interruptions during medication rounds increase the drugs administration errors made by nurses?’ A short description of the literature search is given and a summary of findings is presented in tabular form. Five original articles were selected and one chosen to critically appraise (see appendix 2). The rest of the essay will focus on reviewing the five...
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...performance, the research methods used should respect the rights of customers. Selection of market audience is also a common section of a business, which is likely to bring about unethical practices. It is unethical for companies to exclude potential customers from the target market. Discouraging some customers through selective marketing or targeting customers who are vulnerable such as children or the needy is unethical. Further, price discrimination and predatory pricing are pricing ethics that businesses should avoid. Pricing ethics tend to oppress the customers, especially in a monopolistic market since customers have no alternative rather than purchasing from the said business (Noordin, 2012). 2. Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) marketing by drug companies Direct to consumer...
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...specializes in the production of goods that it is particularly suited to produce. Countries in which capital is abundant and workers are few, therefore, specialize in production of goods that, in particular, require capital. Specialization in production and trade between countries generates, according to this theory, a higher standard-of-living for the countries involved. New notes The Heckscher Ohlin model Introduction The Heckscher Ohlin model Predicts that different factor endowments between countries is a key issue in the international trade flows but others such a WW Leontief, who in 1954 tried o test the theory empirically, found that this model failed to explain United States trading patterns. Read more: http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/economics/heckscher-ohlin-model.php#ixzz2DPfWNkhU The Heckscher Ohlin assumption The Heckscher Ohlin theory explains why countries trade good and services to each other. To apply this theory countries have to respect conditions; one of those is that the countries obviously differ with respect to the availability of the factors of production. We can say that two countries differ if one country for example has more machines than workers and the other one has more workers than machines; in fact according to Heckscher Ohlin a country specializes the production of a particular product or service in base to its factors. By specializing in production, one country can trade with other countries and...
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...INDUSTRY INTRODUCTION According to Hunter s. Thomas "you can turn your back on person, but never turn your back on a drug, especially when it's waving a razor sharp hunting." The global pharmaceutical industry had done tremendous contribution to mankind, but now pharmaceutical companies are facing tough time in a decade. The case is broken in to different parts which is emphasized on how internal and external factors affecting the industry firstly, the main environmental forces currently affecting the industry through PEST analysis. Secondly, the implications of the changes in business environment that is internal factors through porter's five force theory. Finally, the use and limitations of the tools applied to solve case are discussed. ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION The present pharmaceutical industries are non-assembled and more of competitive but it had emerged in early 19th century in the Rhine valley near Basel Switzerland where dyestuffs were found to have antiseptic properties. Companies like Hoffman-la rochy, Sandoz, Novartis are all started as Rhine based family dyestuff and chemical companies, which are still doing tremendous business even to day. Slowly these chemical companies started making pharmaceuticals and synthetic chemicals and evolved as global players. In early 1940's the industry showed drastic changes such as introduction of penicillin and other drugs. In 1960's industry growing rapidly with the setting up of R&D not only this economies prospered by the spending...
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...such as nutrients and oxygen, and transports waste products away from those same cells (Wikipedia, 2011). There has been a high demand for blood, all types of blood. Statistically speaking someone in the United States needs blood every two seconds (Rare Blood Types, 2010). Due to the high need for blood, scarcity plays a role with blood donation. This paper will discuss how scarcity resources influence the market, and the choices stakeholders are forced to make. The essay will also relay the economic flows that may affect the health care market, the causes of change in supply and demand and the affects of equilibrium price and quantity, and the pricing decisions for blood donations with elasticity or inelasticity. A resource is considered scarce when its availability is not enough to meet its demand. Scarcity is based on the idea that oftentimes a limited supply of goods or services comes up against an ever increasing demand for it, and that ever effort must be made to ensure its proper utilization and distribution to avoid inefficiency (International Society for Complexity, Information, and Design, 2005). Blood is needed for many individuals, whether it is for someone that has trauma, needed surgery, needed blood transfusion, cancer patients, etc. More than 38,000 blood donations are needed every day to meet the need for the high supply, however, this need is not met (American Red Cross, 2011). Being that there is a high need for blood donation, stakeholder need...
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...disorganization) and negative (social withdrawal, apathy, poverty of speech), expressed variably in the sufferers (Crow, 1980; Andreasen, 1995). Although the underlying mechanism of schizophrenia remains somewhat elusive, theories of the causation of schizophrenia based on evidence at different levels, ranging from biochemical, neurodevelopmental, cognitive to social, have been proposed. In this essay, I will focus on two of the most prominent theories, Dopamine hypothesis and neurodevelopmental theory. I will first outline the main body and the evidence in support of the theories, and then compare the theories on the basis of its explanation of the development and associated symptoms of schizophrenia, and corresponding limitations. Here, I would like to argue that despite the differences between the two theories, they are not mutually exclusive; contrarily, they can complement each other to give a better picture of the causation of Schizophrenia. Dopamine hypothesis has been suggested to be one of the few theories with strong empirical ground and has attracted a lot of attention in the research and drug treatment for the last 50 years. Carlsson and Lindqvist (1963) first proposed the “dopamine hypothesis”, stating that schizophrenia is caused by over-reactivity of dopaminergic system (especially in the mesolimbic dopamine projection). This hypothesis...
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...SOWK 4800 MIDTERM EXAMINATION NAME: __Matthew Taylor Price___ DATE: _10/13/13___ INSTRUCTIONS: The questions should be answered in essay format. Put some time into your answers, brief answers will receive very limited credit. Get your answers from the provided material, the text book or a very reputable source (i.e., a research based journal article, you may use the internet). (1) Discuss treatment myths relative to ATOD. There are a number of myths about alcohol and other drug abuse interventions that affect the prevention and treatment of the problem. These myths can be held by clients, the general public, and professionals. One myth is that one treatment program is suitable for all clients. This myth does not seem believable because we are all created differently and respond to situations differently. A myth that is challenged daily is that recovered counselors are much more effective in treating recovering clients than are counselors who personally have not experienced dependency. This can be proven wrong, because the effectiveness of treatment depends on the relationship between counselor and client. The most challenging myth of ATOD treatment is related to the fact that many users also have mental health issues. These users must be treated differently, because some of these users will not respond to any form of normal treatment, and must be handled with extreme care. The treatment of ATOD involves a vast amount of time, and patience. ATOD treatment must...
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...Lifelong Learning – Preparing for The Future Mildred Tuchez PCN-303 Prof. Readiness: Legal, Ethical, Personal, Professional Responsibilities Grand Canyon University April 20, 2012 With drug and alcohol use being at an all time high and that there are countless millions of Americans struggling with addiction it is important to evaluate the future of addiction treatment and recovery. There are a large number of long-tenured leaders across the spectrum of this field, policy makers, clinical supervisors, researchers, educator to name a few who will be retiring. This in itself will leave a large void. Their will be a great dependence on the new generation of leaders to step up to the plate in their willingness and preparation to insure the continued success of the programs and facilities that are already in place. It is safe to say that not even the long-tenured leaders felt ready for the responsibility they took on at the onset of their careers and the same will apply to the newbie. In order to best equip these new leaders there needs to be a structured course of action or prescription for readiness. Below are some steps I believe will be useful in achieving the goal of preparation. One of the very first steps a professional in any field should take once they have decided that a particular field is for them is to completely commit themselves to the field of choice. Although ...
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...MLA Style Research Paper based on the 7 ed. of the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. Created Nov 10, 2009. Your name Professor Course name Date John Smith Professor Williams American Studies 104 14 March 2008 Title is centered Found Voices: Carl Sagan th Your last name, and page # on upper right corner of each page ½ inch from top border. Smith 1 Use Times New Roman 12 pt. or similar easy to read font. Carl Sagan was perhaps one of the most influential scientific minds Double space entire paper Indent 1 inch from left border that the world has ever experienced. When he learned that stars were actually extremely distant suns, his world was changed and the magnitude of the universe opened up to him. Another strong motivator into science came with his reading of a popular science fiction book of the time, The Burroughs Tales. The stories were not extremely sound scientifically, but still presented ideals of adventure and the unknown. The idea that life could exist elsewhere in the universe fascinated Sagan and remained with him for Indent additional ½ inch when beginning a new paragraph the rest of his life (Eicher). In-text citation pointing to a specific source in the works cited list. Perhaps one of Sagan’s most famous individual accomplishments was his involvement with the Pioneer 10 Space Probe. The probe was created to be the first object to exit our galaxy. Sagan acknowledged that the chances of anything actually discovering the probe were astronomical,...
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...MLA Style Research Paper based on the 7 ed. of the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. Created Nov 10, 2009. Your name Professor Course name Date John Smith Professor Williams American Studies 104 14 March 2008 Title is centered Found Voices: Carl Sagan th Your last name, and page # on upper right corner of each page ½ inch from top border. Smith 1 Use Times New Roman 12 pt. or similar easy to read font. Carl Sagan was perhaps one of the most influential scientific minds Double space entire paper Indent 1 inch from left border that the world has ever experienced. When he learned that stars were actually extremely distant suns, his world was changed and the magnitude of the universe opened up to him. Another strong motivator into science came with his reading of a popular science fiction book of the time, The Burroughs Tales. The stories were not extremely sound scientifically, but still presented ideals of adventure and the unknown. The idea that life could exist elsewhere in the universe fascinated Sagan and remained with him for Indent additional ½ inch when beginning a new paragraph the rest of his life (Eicher). In-text citation pointing to a specific source in the works cited list. Perhaps one of Sagan’s most famous individual accomplishments was his involvement with the Pioneer 10 Space Probe. The probe was created to be the first object to exit our galaxy. Sagan acknowledged that the chances of anything actually discovering the probe were astronomical,...
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...Epidemiology Paper The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relevancy of the vulnerable population, and the disease for this group. The vulnerable population that has been chosen is mental illness, and the disease for this population is AIDS/HIV. There will be a definition and description of epidemiology in regards to HIV/AIDS, with the steps and method that was used. The Epidemiological Triangle will be define and identified, and the different types of epidemiology. The population chosen characteristics such as the influenced population’s vulnerability. This essay will also examine the values and potential cultural biases with cultural considerations that may impact health issues. There are legal and ethical consideration when working with the mentally ill. Describing the relationship of the disease to varies levels of prevention. Relevant population and the disease of this population The mentally ill the population and the disease is AIDS/HIV. Mental disorders are indiscriminate. They occur across the span and affect persons of all races, cultures genders and educational and socioeconomic group. One of the leading cause of disability is mental illness. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS have had an enormous political and social impact on society. Nearly 75% of new HIV infections occur in persons between 30-49 years may result in disrupted families and lost careers and economic productivity. (Stanhope, 2012, p317) HIV is transmitted through exposure...
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