...| MN3030C | | Hewlett-Packard | [ETHNIC ENTREPRENEUSHIP] | [Tapez le résumé du document ici. Il s’agit généralement d’une courte synthèse du document. Tapez le résumé du document ici. Il s’agit généralement d’une courte synthèse du document.] | TABLE OF CONTENT I. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………Page 2-3 II. ETHNIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEFINITION………..Page 4 III. THE CONCEPT…………………………………………………………Page 5-6 IV. ENTREPRENEURIAL THEORY………………………….……Page 7-8-9 V. ETHNIC NICHE…………………………………………………….…..Page 10 VI. CONCLUSION…………………………………………………..…….Page 11 VII. REFERENCES……………………………………………………..…..Page 12-13-14 VIII. APPENDICE…………………………………………………………..Page 15 I. ------------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION The recent growth of new ethnic populations in Western societies raised lots of issues. In fact, the ethnic activity is not any more a question of historic interest; nor is it the concern of the company. Because new ethnic populations grew at the same time as Western economies, they are in a phase of slow growth and are facing the massive technological challenge; the ethnic adaptation and the mobility are central questions. (Waldinger 1990). In Europe, the activities managed by persons of minority ethnic groups were always present, but changeable historic circumstances increased jutting out to them and visibility during the last decades. First of all, the important immigration of former colonies...
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...Canada’s Urban Areas Urban areas are an important part of Canada’s population since 81% of our population lives there, and 91% of immigrants choose to settle there. Some will grow fast and other will decline due to emigration. These changes will present new opportunities for economic and social progress, but will also challenge us to make sure that all Canadians can live well. Settlement Hierarchy The classification of settlement is determined by size and function. * As settlements increase in population size, the distance between settlements of similar size increases * As settlement size increases, the number and complexity of the settlement’s functions increase as well This hierarchy helps the government determine the needs different communities have for services, thus determines the distribution of money to meet the challenge to provide these services Some communities grow faster than others and swallow up former communities of different sizes, because of this it can be a challenge to define places and populations, thus CMA’s are created to define the area. Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) – an urban area with a population of at least 100 000 people of whom 50 000 or more live in an urban core. Sphere of Influence – the region served by a settlement Increasing sizes of settlements, increases the sphere of influence, which means larger settlements will attract people from a wider area and greater distances, Large Cities have always attracted people...
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...in the experience of the Chinese and the Japanese in the United States. One obvious difference is in the degree of assimilation. The Chinese Americans have maintained their ethnic enclaves more than the Japanese Americans have. Chinatowns live on, both as welcomed halfway points for new arrivals and as enclaves where many resi- dents make very low wages. However, Little Tokyos are few because of the differences in the cultures of China and Japan. China was almost untouched by European influ- ence, but even by the early 1900s, Japan had already been SPECTRUM OF INTERGROUP RELATIONS influenced by the West. Therefore, the Japanese arrived somewhat more assimilated than their Chinese counter- parts. The continued migration of Chinese in recent years has also meant that Chinese Americans as a group have been less assimilated than Japanese Americans. Both groups have achieved some success, but this success has not extended to all members. For Chinese Americans, a notable exception to success can be found in Chinatowns, which, behind the tourist front, are much like other poverty-stricken areas in American cit- ies. Neither Chinese Americans nor Japanese Americans have figured prominently in the executive offices of the nation’s large corporations and financial institutions. Compared with other racial and ethnic groups, Asian Americans have shown little interest in political activity on their own...
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...based on distinctive sets of hereditary phenotypical features that distinguish varieties of mankind” (1986, p. 189). In Malaysia however, race is oftentimes used to mean ‘ethnicity’, which is incorrect as ethnic groups are sub-divisions of a particular racial stock differentiated by history and cultural practices (Rex and Mason, 1986, p. 189). Nevertheless, the concept of race is an important one in understanding how it has shaped the politics and society of Malaysia. In this essay I will explain how Malaysia’s colonial past and affirmative action policies has contributed to the formation of a society divided along racial lines and how that has created racial tensions among the ethnic groups of Malaysia. Malaysia which touts itself as a ‘plural society’ is a country constituted by different race/ethnic groups, the three largest being the Malay, Chinese and Indian groups. As of 2010, the Malaysian population consists of 28.3 million people, with 91.8% Malaysian citizens. The Malaysian citizens are made up of 67.4% bumiputera (translated as ‘son of the soil’, a group composed of predominantly ethnic Malays along with various other indigenous tribes and native groups), 24.6% Chinese, 7.3% Indians and 0.7% Others (Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010). With so many different ethnic groups within a country, chances are that tensions are bound to arise a one point or another. Malaysia’s Colonial Past Malaysia’s colonial history is an important one as the colonial knowledge is the...
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...example being the illegality of the practice of polygamy in Singapore’s constitution, a practice allowed in Islamic Law[1] Singapore's society is primarily made up of four different races: Chinese (74% of the population), Malays (13% of the population), Indians (9.2% of the population), and Eurasian (3.8% of the population)[2], and as acknowledged by Githu Muigai, UN Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance during his visit to Singapore from 21st to 28th April 2010[3], has always been thought to be in a unique social state of racial harmony, Ever since the 1964 Sino-Malay riots and the 1969 racial riots, Singapore has not seen any significant violence between the various ethnic groups. However, while it might look as though Singaporeans live in harmony, inherent differences exist and a certain degree of racial discrimination remains prevalent. Despite the efforts by the Singaporean government, the sub-dominant groups such as the Malays are still being marginalized by the Chinese in the society. In this paper, I will focus on the various interactions between the Chinese and the Malays, specifically, the political representations of these races, the prevalence of social discrimination and how language ultimately acts as a barrier between racial...
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...Dissertation research: Ethnic identity switching among Latinos in Queens, NY H. Russell Bernard (PI) and Rosalyn Negron (Co-PI) Project summary Problem statement: As the nation’s ethnic diversity continues to grow, things like the distribution of resources, ethnic conflict, and assimilation can not be understood in terms of neatly packaged identities in competition. Today, an increasing number of people regularly switch from ethnicity to ethnicity in normal discourse, in an attempt to maximize their economic and political interests. I propose to examine ethnographically and in depth the process of identity switching – that is, how people negotiate between multiple ethnic identities in everyday contexts – among Latinos in Queens, NY. Methods and analysis: From January to July, I will collect ethnographic data about ethnic identity invocation trends in the research communities, train a research assistant, select twelve participants for continuous monitoring and work closely with them for two weeks each. From August to September, I will train the research assistant further and use the knowledge gained from the ethnographic data phase to design and pilot test a household survey. Between October and December, this survey will be administered to a representative sample of 200 respondents. Using the data collected from these surveys, inferential statistics –odds-ratios, chi-square, and logistic regression - will be used to test the hypotheses. Intellectual merit: While ethnic identity has long...
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...participant-observer study of the ethnic groups living in El Barrio primarily focusing on Puerto Ricans. He discusses East Harlem’s cultural history emphasizing the racial tension that still exists today. Bourgois notes the street culture associated with residents in El Barrio, “In this particular case of the United States, the concentration of socially marginalized populations into politically and ecologically isolated inner-city enclaves has fomented an especially explosive cultural creativity that is in defiance of racism and economic marginalization” (Bourgois 2006: 8). By using social psychology to describe racism and marginalization, one can see that psychological theories can be used to explain the racial tension, substance abuse, and frustration with mainstream society of the people who live in El Barrio. Social marginalization prevented many immigrants from engaging in normal activities within the society they live. Prior to the Puerto Rican invasion of El Barrio in the 1930’s and 1940’s, Italians immigrated to America and lived in El Barrio. El Barrio has always been stigmatized, “the streets of East Harlem have always produced violent, substance-abusing felons no matter what immigrant ethnic group happened to be living there at the time” (Bourgois 2006: 55). When the Italians moved in, “competition for jobs and housing expressed itself in extreme ethnic segregation” (Bourgois 2006: 57). When the Italians moved in, they made jobs and housing scarcer causing the ethnic groups...
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...of Race and Ethnicity? What Leads to the Creation of Subordinate-Group Status? What Are the Consequences of Subordinate-Group Status? How Does Change Occur in Race Relations? ISBN 1-256-48952-2 2 Racial and Ethnic Groups, Thirteenth edition, by Richard T. Schaefer. Published by Merrill Prentice Hall. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Exploring Race and Ethnicity Minority groups are subordinated in terms of power and privilege to the majority, or dominant group. A minority is defined not by being outnumbered but by five characteristics: unequal treatment, distinguishing physical or cultural traits, involuntary membership, awareness of subordination, and ingroup marriage. Subordinate groups are classified in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, and gender. The social importance of race is derived from a process of racial formation; any biological significance is relatively unimportant to society. The theoretical perspectives of functionalism, conflict theory, and labeling offer insights into the sociology of intergroup relations. Immigration, annexation, and colonialism are processes that may create subordinate groups. Other processes such as extermination and expulsion may remove the presence of a subordinate group. Significant for racial and ethnic oppression in the United States...
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...Race and Your Community Ethics 125 The analysis of different cultures is a very interesting thing this world is full of all kinds of people. No one is going to be exactly the same yet some a very similar. This paper will cover the impacts, differences and the effects that difference ethnic groups have on my life. The differences between ethnic groups make the world a place of challenges and variety. In my community I have to say that I do look like most of my immediate community. However I live in a part of Houston that is commonly called “the rich part of town” it is mostly a white neighborhood with very few ethnic varieties. If you look all over Houston there are many different cultures and ethnic groups, as I look across the city I have seen an abundance of Mexican Americans, as well as Asians, Indians and African Americans. These different ethnic groups tend to stay in separate regions of the city, although they are not separated by laws they tend to stay separated by choice. I feel like this is one of the only cities that I have lived in that feels very segregated. Leaders in my community often look like me, however after this past years election there now is the very first Hispanic Sherriff in Houston (Harris County Sheriff’s). I was ever excited for the different groups of Hispanics in the area, I am aware that many of these groups feel like they are underrepresented, and this was a major step in the advancement of there representation in the community. For the...
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...Who Says Ignorance is Bliss? Stereotypes are qualities or characteristics that are often assigned to a group based on their gender, race, sexual orientation and nameless other catagories. These assigned qualities or characteristics are usually exaggerated or distorted beliefs that we have labeled these groups with. We are all guilty of stereotyping, whether we do it consciously or subconsciously, we all at one time or another have taken part in it. There are three stereotypes that I have recognized in my own life and I now understand how my misconceptions and/or those of others may have had a negative effect on those who were erroneously characterized within these stereotypical labels. Convicts who are released and given their freedom never really experience total freedom. They will forever carry around the title of “ex-con”. Job applications, rental applications, and sometimes even credit applications will ask if the person has ever been convicted of a felony. They will also be asked why there is a lapse in work history or residence history. Once the person explains that they where incarcerated for a period of time, they are automatically looked at under a different light. It is assumed that they are not trustworthy and are just going to repeat their crimes. I myself was guilty of this until about five years ago. The management company I work for has strict rules when it comes to renting to someone who has been convicted of a felony. We are instructed to deny the...
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...different types of people of different races or cultures in a group or organization. | Ethnocentrism | Ethnocentrism is the tendency to assume that one’s culture and way of life are superior to all others. | Melting pot | Melting pot is diverse racial or ethnic groups or both, forming a new creation, a new cultural entity. | Minority group | Minority group is a subordinate group whose members has significantly less control or powers over their own lives than do the members of a dominant or majority group. | Emigration | Emigration is when a person or group of people who leaves a country to settle in another. | Immigration | Immigration is when a person or group of people who comes into a new country as a permanent resident. | Culture | Culture is the behavior, beliefs, and characteristics of different social, ethnic, and age groups. | Part II Answer each question in 250 to 350 words: 1. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? Groups of people are identified in four groups’ race, religion, gender, and ethnicity. People who are identified by their race are looked at by the color of their skin, hair, and clothing. These things are looked at by society by ones physical appearance only. The ethnic group is a group of individual that are set apart because of origin and cultural. A person from another country will have different ways of doing things, and eat different foods, and should be able to express their own culture without experiencing prejudice...
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...------------------------------------------------- Associate Program Material Diversity Worksheet Answer each question in 50 to 150 words. Provide citations for all the sources you use. 1. What is diversity? Why is diversity valued? According to Online Etymology Dictionary (n.d), It means to be able to understand that each individual is different. I can be also be with dimension of race,ethnicity,gender,sexual orientation,secio-economic statues,age,physical abilities, religious/political beliefs. They are the differences in a safe,positive, and subsistence environment. The value of diversity comes from noticing the separation between people and accepting that there are differences in valued resources. We must also remember nobody is completely the same. 2. What is ethnocentrism? In what ways can ethnocentrism be detrimentalasociety? According to Dictionary.com Unabridged (n.d). It is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the prospective of one’s own culture. Ethnocentrism has its positive and negatives aftermath. It can encourage socities to advance their technology researches. But on the other hand it can also make socities refuse to accept an idea or concept because they came from a totally different society. 3.Define emigration and immigration. According to Online Etymology Dictionary n(n.d) Emigration is the act of leaving one’s country or region with the intent to settle pemanetly in another Immirgration basically the same but from the...
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...Chindia is a portmanteau word that refers to China and India together in general. The credit of coining the now popular term goes to Indian Member of Parliament Jairam Ramesh.[citation needed] China and India are geographically proximate, are both regarded as growing countries and are both among the fastest growing major economies in the world. Together, they contain over one-third of the world's population (2.5 billion). They have been named as countries with the highest potential for growth in the next 50 years in a BRIC report.[citation needed] BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China. The economic strengths of these two countries are widely considered complementary[original research?] - China is perceived to be strong in manufacturing and infrastructure[citation needed] while India is perceived to be strong in services andinformation technology.[citation needed] China is stronger in hardware while India is stronger in software.[citation needed] China is stronger in physical markets while India is stronger in financial markets. The countries also share certain historical interactions - the spread of Buddhism from India to China and British-European trade on the Silk route are famous examples. However, there are also geopolitical, cultural, economic and political differences between China and India that some argue would make this term inappropriate. The effects of the Sino-Indian War of 1962 have meant that relations between...
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...University of Phoenix Material Appendix B Part I Define the following terms: Term | Definition | Stereotypes | A 'stereotype' is a belief that can be held by anybody[1] about specific types of individuals or certain ways of doing things, but that belief may or may not accurately reflect reality. | Prejudice | The word prejudice is most often used to refer to preconceived judgments toward people or a person because of gender, social class, age, disability, religion, sexuality, race/ethnicity, nationality or other personal characteristics | Labeling theory | Labeling theory focuses on the tendency of majorities to negatively label minorities or those seen as deviant from standard cultural norms | Part II Select three of the identity categories below and name or describe at least 3 related stereotypes for each: * Race * Ethnicity * Religion * Gender * Sexual orientation * Age * Disability Category | Stereotype 1 | Stereotype 2 | Stereotype 3 | Disability | One of the general stereotypes that a disabled person may face, is being used as a comic relief or point of humor because of their disability | Another stereotype is the belief that a disable person(s) may be Incapable of everyday life, not being able to participate in everyday activities, or even socialize. | Last but not least, many disabled people are outcast because of how they may look or even based on their disability and they may even be labeled as a “Freak”...
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...Iron Road Film Review Iron is a Canada and China film (2009) that is written by Barry Pearson and Raymond storey in 2009. The film was directed by David Wu. The starring are Sun Li, Sam Neill, Luke Macfarlane, Charlotte Sullivan and Peter O’Toole. Iron Road is romantic and upset story which is about Chinese workers were helped to build the Chadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s. And this drama gives a face to the nameless and voiceless that perished en mass in history. Iron Road follows the journey, in 1882; James Nichol went to Hong Kong to check on the company’s recruitment of Chinese laborers to work on the railroad's construction. One of the laborers James brings back was an orphan boy named Little Tiger, who actually was a young woman and a good blasting worker. She was desperate to make it to Canada to find her missing father. Personally, Little Tiger falls in love with James, an unforbidden love even if she exposes her true identity to him because of their race differences. Ultimately, Little Tiger bring her father’s ashes back to China and leaves the railway construction camp; also she had a profound effect on her new Canadian friend. The background music throughout the film gives the viewer a sad feeling. It indicates how strong James and little tigers relationship are. I think that the instrumental sound effects were really cool when little tiger uses explosives to destroy the mine. The sounds give the audience a realistic feeling. The theme of the film is racism...
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