...to the guerrilla activities. Propaganda is the control of public opinion. There are three types of propaganda that is white, grey and black propaganda. White propaganda is the dissemination of the truth to someone’s advantage, grey propaganda is the mixture of lies and truth and black propaganda consists of largely but not total lies. All these types were exploited upon implementation of propaganda at different levels through different tactics. Psychological operations which were executed as forms of propaganda involved planned use of communication through words, symbols and actions to influence the behaviour of the targeted audiences and achieve set objectives. The government’s use of propaganda warfare was prompted by a number of reasons which ranged from economic, political, social and military factors. It is worth noting here that, the tempo and conduct of the war varied from one locality to the other depending on the terrain and proximity to strategical areas like borders, transport networks and close to government’s administrative offices. The study is presented in three chapters. The first chapter outlines the reasons for the introduction of propaganda warfare in Chilonga in 1970. It majors on the motives behind implementation of propaganda warfare before the intensification of the war in the area. Various tactics used to execute propaganda and strategic roles served by different types of propaganda machines is the main thrust of chapter two. Different tactics were employed...
Words: 26951 - Pages: 108
...Daniel Morgan was a captain in the continental army. He commanded a company of militiamen who carried Kentucky long rifles. He used guerrilla tactics against the British. He learned these tactics in the French and Indian wars from the Native Americans. The rifles his men used gave them a range advantage because of the rifling in the barrel Captain Morgan would use this to his advantages in the battles and raids to come. At the battle of Saratoga Cpt. Morgan used turkey calls to direct his men into position to surround the British troops. He ordered his men to specifically target the officers and the men who were firing the cannons. The British seeing all there officers dying and the men on the cannons no longer able to fire they ran....
Words: 444 - Pages: 2
...ChangeThis Y Save to disk Hide/Show menus Guerrilla Marketing Over 90 field-tested tactics to get your business into the frontlines continued > We know this is a gorilla, not guerrilla. But it’s a better picture, isn’t it? by Jay Conrad Levinson Not using Adobe Acrobat? Please go to http://changethis.com/content/reader | iss. 4.04 | i | U | X |+| NEXT f ChangeThis 1. MAKE CUSTOMERS A BIRTHDAY CARD Guerrilla Ray Fisher of Keylock Mini Storage in Pinellas Park, Florida celebrates his tenantsʼ birthdays with a card he creates himself. He prints a poem on the card and gets four cards out of each piece of 8-1/2 x 11 card stock. He goes to Kinkos to have the cards printed and cut. Since sending the cards, Fisher has received a very positive response. One tenant even dropped by office just to say he really appreciated the card. Fisher started a file organized by month to pre-address the cards to make it easy to mail within a week of upcoming birthdays. Any service business can profit from this personal touch. 2. A STICKY SUCCESS STORY Guerrilla Mike Cohen informs us that no one ignores coupons from Captain Tonyʼs Pizza in Cleveland, Ohio. Thatʼs because they are printed on Post-It™ notes and placed each month on every door in their delivery area.The typical response rate is 30%. Cohen honors us by calling this promotional concept, Guerrilla Mail. He attributes the programʼs success to both the look and the feel of the coupon. It resembles...
Words: 11488 - Pages: 46
...impact of properly trained, motivated and supported counterterrorist units, one must look to the Rhodesian Selous Scouts. Although the Rhodesian government did not survive, the name of the Selous Scouts did. Through this paper you will learn some of the methods and tactics that led them to be considered by many as the best Counterterrorist unit in the world. First, a differentiation must be made between the terms of antiterrorism and counterterrorism. While both of these strategies attempt to prevent terrorist activities, antiterrorism is a defensive strategy and counterterrorism is offensive. Antiterrorism tactics focus on limiting the terrorist’s abilities of attacking specific areas. This would entail erecting barriers around critical buildings and increasing security at airports. These are attempts to make specific areas more difficult for terrorists to attack them. Counterterrorism is an offensive tactic with the goal of eliminating the terrorists themselves. The Rhodesian military’s focus was almost strictly on counterterrorism. The Rhodesian Selous Scouts (named after the famous British hunter Frederick Courtney Selous) origins started with the British Special Air Service (SAS) and derived much of their tactics from the lessons learned during the Malayan insurgency that lasted from 1948 to 1960. In 1948, Malaya, a colony of Britain, was attempting to break away from British rule and was being supported by the Chinese Communist government. Britain and the Allied powers...
Words: 2667 - Pages: 11
...Abstract The history of convoy security necessitated design through ingenuity throughout history. By applying initiative and ingenuity, Leaders developed concepts, tactics and vehicle designs to protect their supplies moving throughout their area of operations. This produced innovations from the effective hybrid vehicles developed and used in Vietnam to the common use security platforms used in today’s modern Army. Further dialogue will ensure future doctrine should include funding and discussion. Forgetting the lessons learned, with the lives of Soldiers at stake, would be unconscionable. 3 3 The History of United States Army Convoy Security United States (US) Army doctrine has addressed convoy security since the mid 1800’s. The debate over convoy security operations as a hazardous undertaking of war has been a challenging topic throughout US Army history. The first published discussion of convoy operations described challenges that 19th century convoy commanders had to deal with. To conduct a convoy in safety through an enemy’s territory, where it is exposed to attacks either of regular, or of partisan troops, is one of the most hazardous operations of war; owing to the ease with which a very inferior force may take the escort at disadvantage in defiles (Mahan, 1861, p. 155). The US Army has a history of convoy experience. Most early instances relate to the Indian campaigns conducted prior to and after the Civil War. The American Indian had a completely...
Words: 3349 - Pages: 14
...Conflict in Vietnam, 1963-75 Revision Notes Part 1; Reasons for the US involvement in Vietnam What was the background to the Vietnam War? • Vietnam was ruled by the French till 1954. Then it was divided into two countries. • The communist ruler of North Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh, wanted to unite the North and South under his control. He supported the Vietcong in South Vietnam. • President Diem ruled South Vietnam. He was strongly anti-communist, but was also a brutal and unpopular leader. Who were the Vietcong? • The Vietcong (or the National Liberation Front) were the communist guerrilla soldiers fighting to overthrow President Diem and his government. • By 1964, there were over 100,000 Vietcong in the South and they were killing thousands of South Vietnamese officials every year. Diem's army could not get rid of them. Why did the Americans get involved? • America said it wanted to ‘save’ the South Vietnamese people from the evils of communism. • But, remember that this was the time of the Cold War. Americans were obsessed with stopping Communism, both abroad and at home in the USA. • The Americans wanted to "contain" (stop) the spread of Communism in the world (the Truman Doctrine). The USA wanted to support non-Communist governments which were threatened by Communists. It knew that the USSR and China, both Communist-ruled, were sending aid to Communist North Vietnam. • The Americans also believed...
Words: 3309 - Pages: 14
...Michael Collins: Terrorist or Patriot? By Carlos E. Ayub Excelsior College CJ350 Kevin Henry Michael Collins: Terrorist or Patriot? Michael Collins was a revolutionary Irishman, a patriot and a dissident, a man whose actions are considered by some to be bravely heroic and others as unsettlingly terrorist. Collins orchestrated much of the political and militaristic provocation that led to the violent escalation of the Anglo-Irish war for independence, and eventually was one of the principal supporters and signers of the treaty that lead to the establishment of the Irish Free State and de-escalation of violence in the region. The widespread characterization of Collins as terrorist is principally derived of his actions and association with the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) which later became the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and Sinn Fein. Collins significant political and demonstrative participation in the battle for Irish independence began with the former group when he participated as a volunteer during the Easter Uprising, an action planned to foster support for the Irish cause. These actions comprised the first portion of Collins’ life as a dissident and insurgent. It would be his subsequent involvement in Sinn Fein that would characterize him as a terrorist. Collins participated financially and by procuring weapons to help the organization’s efforts at rebellion. Though these actions alone are not enough to characterize...
Words: 789 - Pages: 4
...Oldham PSC 441 2-13-13 The multitude of differentiating definitions of terrorism through out the world’s governments, agencies, and international community has led to a confusing and bleak understanding of the true nature of terrorism. Now I do not believe that my definition of terrorism will be any better in helping understand this matter but it does help define my personal view of terrorism, terrorists, and their tactics. My definition of terrorism is any deliberate, planed use of force or violence, or the threat of such actions, against innocent people, with the aim of inducing fear or intimidating some other group of people into a specific course of action for political, religious, philosophical, or ideological aims. In my paper I want to examine the implications of my definition with regard to my assertion that terrorism is only carried out against innocent people. In my definition I define terrorism as actions or threats of actions against innocent people. To me this is a very important idea. I feel that terrorism works because it induces fear in the general public and people become afraid because they are faced with the fact that even though they have done nothing wrong they could be attacked. I feel that violence is never legitimate when used on innocent people and thus a terrorist is never legitimate because they are attacking innocent people and that can never be seen as a justified act. The idea that the victim of terrorism has to be innocent has many implications...
Words: 890 - Pages: 4
...these low intensity fighting methods among the Native Indian tribes were more of acts of revenge against two rivalry tribes. The Native Indians showed skills in being tactical, strategic, and stealthy. The Europeans were skilled more in battlefield tactics, traditions, and customs rather than the stealthier guerrilla tactics of the Native Indians. Where Europeans relied more on structured tactics as a group or a whole, as in a division, the Native Indians would work more in smaller groups or pacts. Europeans would also shoot mass volleys are what some may say would shoot in the general direction of their enemy while Native Indians were more precise in singling out one target. While the battlefield tactics of the Europeans worked well on a plain battlefield, in a wooded area or an area that had limited space, the Native Indian was more tactical in their skills. Upon the European observation of Native Indians, they soon learned that they were out skilled being that they were in a different territory with different terrain than Europe. Rather than fighting against the Indians, the Europeans would befriend a certain tribe and use them in proxy for battles. As time went on with the early settles, they learned to employ the tactics and techniques of the Native Indians, and the Native Indians...
Words: 376 - Pages: 2
...matter what the outcome in Jammu and Kashmir, and North Eastern States, is how the army aviation succeeds against fierce insurgency in strategy and capabilities. The Taliban’s resurgence, tenacious resistance against NATO forces in Afghanistan, Al Qaeda’s ability to elude United States forces, and the trouble Israel has had in trying to subdue violence in tiny Southern Lebanon (Hezbollah) and tinier Gaza (Hamas) deepen concern that even world’s finest militaries have problems against any kind of insurgent movement. Historical Background. The history of the use of airpower against irregulars’ dates back to 9 March 1916, Francisco "Pancho" Villa raided Columbus, New Mexico, and killed 17 Americans. The government of United States ordered General John "Black Jack" Pershing to organise a force of 15,000 troops to pursue Villa into Mexico and "take him dead or alive." Six days...
Words: 9536 - Pages: 39
...What were the consequences of the role of Collins on Anglo-Irish relations 1916-1922? Michael Collins played a key role within the IRA in the Irish war of independence as well as an elected member of Sinn Fein. Many people believe Collins was the best man available for the task in hand of leading Ireland in the quest for independence, ‘One day he'll be a great man. He'll do great work for Ireland’ was a quote from Michael Collins’ father on his deathbed. Collins was first active during the Easter rising of 1916 fighting alongside Patrick Pearse as part of the Irish Republican Brotherhood occupying the General Post Office for several days before surrendering. The rising was a military failure but left a legacy and sense of national pride which Collins was willing to utilise. ‘The greatest result of the rising is the complete and revival of Irish nationality. WE have been...now we have awakened to the knowledge that we really are a separate nation. ‘ That quote is an extract from Moira Reagan’s story in the New York Times, September 1916. I believe the source to be reliable as the story was published in a trustworthy newspaper at the time and the women who told the story lived in the period and understood the mood and patriotism of the Irish population. The majority of the leaders of the rising were executed, many members of the rising joined the nationalist party Sinn Fein and Collins quickly rose through the ranks of the organisation thanks to his intellect and self-confidence...
Words: 1946 - Pages: 8
...War was won by Americans because of their political ties with France due to the British being a common enemy. The 13 original colonies formed a parliament which convened the opinion of each colony on the basis of all issues concerning war, the precedence of leadership and self-governance. Lastly, citizens were motivated to fight against Great Britain on the simple basis of ‘loyalty to the land, not the crown.” Americans had the military leadership of General Washington (a courageous and intellectually advanced individual in warfare tactics) In the New World every colony was separate, each concerned with self-governance, and lacked motivation to unite under a single government. As events began to erupt across the colonies due to rises in taxes and the implementation of the “Stamp Act” infuriated colonists to the point of public protests. Which resulted in the “Boston Massacre” where Redcoats opened fired on a civilian crowd. As tensions began to rise Great Britain sent more troops to New York in order to take control of the general population and force British laws on all New World born citizens. Colonists were stripped of all civil rights. Which banded them together to form a parliament which was in charge of making decisions such as; revolting against Great Britain; The decision to draft a constitution; pass laws; etc. As the colonies raged war against Great Britain political ties were formed with France. As Benjamin Franklin was familiar with the French culture and politics...
Words: 438 - Pages: 2
...The British had a war plan or strategy on how to defeat the Colonists in the south. At first their plan succeeded, and then later it would fail. They started off by conquering southern cities and towns, two of which were Savannah and Charles Town. Later, Loyalist bands would roam the backcountry and destroy Patriot farms killing men, women, and children. To slow the British down, the Patriots used a technique called guerrilla warfare. Guerillas are fighters who work in small bands to make hit-and-run attacks. One famous group of guerillas were led by Francis Marion. He led his men through the swamps. They would attack without warning, and then later escape. He later earned the nickname “Swamp Fox” because of his accomplishments. The way the...
Words: 305 - Pages: 2
...South Vietnam (GVN). The combined effects of guerilla and conventional operations supported the North Vietnamese strategy of a protracted conflict that was sure to weaken the resolve of the United States and eventually defeat the GVN. The relationship between conventional and guerilla operations was a key element of the Vietnamese communists’ “Dau Tranh” strategy to fight and win the Vietnam War. A brief description of the Dua Tranh (meaning struggle) strategy is appropriate since it was the basis for North Vietnam’s success. The strategy consisted of an armed struggle and a political struggle. The armed struggle began with Stage One hit and run guerilla tactics to “decimate the enemy piecemeal and weaken then eliminate the government’s administrative control of the countryside.” In Stage Two, “the war becomes less guerrilla-like and resembles a conventional small-scale war.” Finally, in Stage Three, the war becomes almost...
Words: 2534 - Pages: 11
...General Francis Marion, the legendary American Revolutionary War figure, has been enshrined in books, television, and movies. Separating the mythos from the man is nearly impossible. Marion’s first biography was a collection of memoirs written several years after his death by Peter Horry, a close friend and subordinate in the army. Mason Weems, notable for his somewhat fanciful biography of George Washington, compiled the notes, expanded on them, and added his own embellishments. Later scholars have attempted to discern the facts, but the Horry/Weems biography is the only significant source of information about Marion’s life prior to proving himself as a capable partisan military leader. However, some points are clear: Marion’s decisive leadership,...
Words: 2245 - Pages: 9
