...John Adams, a devoted republican and staunch advocate for balanced government, played a pivotal role in shaping the Yankee Revolution. His commitment to the concept of a balance of strength within governments and amongst countries was foundational to maintaining liberty and American independence. Adams's diplomatic efforts, particularly in Europe, showcased his strategic use of American trade to preserve a delicate equilibrium between France and Britain, reflecting his republican outlook on worldwide members of the family. notwithstanding grappling with issues about American virtue, Adams's unwavering determination to ideas of liberty and his intellectual contributions, such as "A Defence of the Constitutions," solidified his legacy as a key...
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...British policies coming out of the French and Indian war like the taxation without representation were the main cause of the development of the revolutionary war. Although the objective of American leaders was to maintain peace, the publishing of Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” convinced American leaders to declare independence from Britain; independence was obtained with the help of the noteworthy contributions of Washington and his leadership role as commander of the Continental Army. ` The Seven Years War left Britain with an enormous debt; the British felt that Americans should be grateful to the empire, so it seemed reasonable that the colonies help pay their national debt. Parliament then started making changes. Before 1763, Parliament had occasionally acted to forbid the issuance of paper money in America, but colonists frequently ignored these measures, and the British government seemed uninterested. The British Parliament nevertheless decided to outlaw colonial money, which drove up the cost of business and inflation. On top of that, they imposed new taxes on the colonies and strictly enforced them. Previously when Parliament brought laws to be passed they gave colonials the job to collect the taxes. Now this was no longer the case as they took away the colonial assemblies’ right to collect taxes. The revenue from these taxes was to...
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...American history. It was important because it was the first American flag and because George Washington, George Ross and Robert Morris asked her to make the flag. In 1775 the first American flag was made, the makers of this flag were seamstresses and government flag makers, Betsy Ross and Rebecca Young, also the representation of the flag was a big part of american history. According to the website ushistory.org,“Red: Valor and hardiness,White: Purity and innocence, Blue:...
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...sets the arguments to describe one of America’s founding fathers, Mr Alexander Hamilton. Richard Brookhiser takes us through the times on which Hamilton lived, accounting all the extraordinary events that surrounded and shape his life and character from his humble beginnings in St. Croix to the years he hold a position of power as the nation’s Treasury Secretary. All through the book Brookhiser explore other’s points of view about Hamilton. As all persons involved in politics Hamilton had supporters, enemies and people that could not described or comprehend what kind of American he was. Alexander Hamilton is known for many as a genius and a great economist but others point to his achievements as “forcing the dominion of big money or big government or both”(Brookhiser 4). The contrast of opinions on Hamilton serves as points of examination for Brookhiser, who put all perceptions at test with the facts of reality to create a real perspective. As the author points out on the book, “the tread that runs through every chapter, and every aspect of Hamilton’s life, is his identity as an American. The author sets to tell Hamilton’s history through ten chapters which go from the earliest accounts of Hamilton’s childhood to his last moments of agony before death. Brookhiser begins with a brief introduction into the person that Hamilton was, by taking a look onto the commemoration of independence at New York City on July 4, 1789. At the Nation’s capital at the time Alexander Hamilton was...
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...large in American history as George Washington. His powerful leadership, determination, and endless patriotism was essential for winning the Revolutionary War, the creation of the United States Constitution, and the establishment of a new government. There are three defining events that happened to George during his life in colonial America. His proper childhood upbringing, his military leadership in the revolutionary war, and his election as the First President of the United States were the 3 most powerful events that took place in his life. As time passed, his legend has continually grown. He was made up of honesty, strength, and humbleness. We are told he could never tell a lie. We are told he could throw a coin across the Potomac. He was offered an American crown, but turned it down for democracy. Time may have turned great myths out of small truths, but the contributions this one man gave to the creation of the American nation is denied by no one. George Washington was born into a prosperous and strict family that owned a plantation in Virginia. George was 11 when his father died. George's mother, Mary, a tough and driven woman, struggled to keep their home together. George never received more than an elementary school education. Young George held a gift for mathematics. This skill for numbers combined with his confidence and ambition caught the attention of Lord Fairfax who was head of one of the most powerful families in Virginia. George started to work as a surveyor...
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...Success: Washington’s Strategic Skill or British Operational and Strategic Failure Introduction Sun Tzu considered war as a necessary evil that must be avoided whenever possible. Many opportunities were presented to the British rule by the Americans to prevent the Revolutionary War and vice versa. The design, execution and effects of operations played a significant role on both sides from the outset of the war thus completely affecting the Clausewitzian Trinity of government, people, and army. Operational and strategic mistakes of the British led to Patriot success. However, it can be argued that the strategic skill of George Washington led to Patriot success. Center of Gravity The first, the supreme, the most far-reaching act of judgment that the statesman and commander have to make is to establish by that test the kind of war on which they are embarking; neither mistaking it for, nor trying to turn it into, something that is alien to its nature (Clausewitz, 88). He says this is the first of all strategic questions and the most comprehensive. Strategically, the British never established the type of war they would be committing themselves to until the passion of the people within the Colonies reached a point of no return. George Washington saw Great Britain’s center of gravity (CoG) as the will of its government (Weigley, 5). The British government deduced that...
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...AMERICAN REVOLUTION ALSO KNOWN AS UNITED STATES WAR OF INDEPENDENCE REFERS TO THE UPRISING OF 13 OF BRITAIN'S NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES. IT IS THESE COLONIES THAT FIRST WON POLITICAL INDEPENDENCE AND WENT ON TO FORM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. THIS CAME AFTER THE SUCCESSFUL CONCLUSION OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR IN 1763, THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT DECIDED TO MAKE ITS NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES PAY MORE OF THE COSTS OF GOVERNING AND DEFENDING THEM BECAUSE BRITAIN’S VICTORY OVER FRANCE HAD BEEN WON AT A GREAT COST. BRITISH EXPENDITURE AMOUNTED TO NEARLY £6,5 MIL BEFORE THE WAR AND ROSE TO £14 MIL DURING THE WAR. AS A RESULT THE BURDEN OF TAXATION IN ENGLAND WAS PROBABLY THE HIGHEST IN THE COUNTRY'S HISTORY, MUCH OF IT BORNE BY THE POLITICALLY INFLUENTIAL LAND OWNING CLASS. FURTHERMORE, WITH THE ACQUISITION OF THE VAST DOMAIN OF CANADA AND THE PROSPECT OF HOLDING BRITISH TERRITORIES BOTH AGAINST THE VARIOUS NATIONS OF NATIVE INDIANS AND AGAINST THE SPANIARDS TO THE SOUTH AND WEST, THE COSTS OF COLONIAL DEFENSE COULD BE EXPECTED TO CONTINUE INDEFINITELY. IT THEREFORE SEEMED REASONABLE TO BRITISH OPINION THAT SOME OF THE FUTURE BURDEN OF PAYMENT SHOULD BE SHIFTED TO THE COLONISTS THEMSELVES--WHO UNTIL THEN HAD BEEN LIGHTLY TAXED. OVER THE NEXT 12 YEARS BRITAIN IMPOSED A SERIES OF NEW TAXES AND OTHER REVENUE-RAISING MEASURES ON THE COLONIES THAT AROUSED HEATED OPPOSITION. THE AMERICAN COLONISTS RESENTED THE TRADE REGULATIONS BY WHICH BRITAIN UTILIZED AMERICAN ECONOMIC...
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...affiliate as Free Masons as part of African Lodge No. 1. That Lodge was later named for the order's founder, a freed slave, Prince Hall as Prince Hall Masonry. Along with being the founder of that Lodge, Hall was named a Grand Master, becoming the first African-American to do so. Although Prince Hall Masonry had segregated status, it was a supporter of abolitionism. Hall affixed his name to some of the colonies’ earliest anti-slavery petitions representing the Masons the first black-led abolitionist movement in American history in 1777 -78. George Washington’s and other early American Free Masons’ rejection of their European past, along with its symbols and ideas, conveyed to the colonies that something new and great was being born in America. The freedom and the liberties that they sought such as an individual's ethics and morality was not subject to government control and was outside denominational association. Free Mason’s greatest contribution to our nation aside from the principles that they themselves follow is life. America and Free Masons go hand in hand from before the birth of our nation, today, and well into the...
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...The Statesman, The Writer, and the Military Man: How George Washington, Thomas Paine, and Andrew Jackson Helped Construct America’s Identity All of America’s founding fathers contributed greatly to the formation of the United States and helped build this nation through their accomplishments and dedication to making their home a better place for all Americans. But of the 55-plus men whom history has given the name of “founding father,” the contributions of George Washington (1732-1799), Thomas Paine (1737-1809), and Andrew Jackson (1767-1845) stand out for their range of accomplishments, their contribution to critical components of democracy and its identity, and to military achievements that helped form the geography of the place we know as America. For me, this statesman, this writer, and this military strategist serve as the greatest examples of the titans of America we call our founding fathers. George Washington was not only our first president to be elected into office, but he is also notable for being the only president in the country’s history to receive a unanimous vote. Although our nation recognizes many founding fathers, Washington is known as the “Father” of The United States for many reasons — and not solely because he was elected as the first President of The United States in 1789 and unanimously elected again in 1792. His accomplishments before, during, and after his presidency have earned him the title “Father” of the United States. Washington assisted...
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...The United States of America has many founding fathers. Some of which are George Washington, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and Thomas Jefferson. Alexander Hamilton is the best founding father, he was the most influential. Although, he does have his flaws, just like every other founding father. He founded the “Federalist Papers.” These are a collection of articles and essays written by Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. They “sealed the deal” on the new constitution. Hamilton also architected America’s economic system in just five years from 1789-1793. Another major contribution that Alexander Hamilton has done was that he was Lieutenant Colonel and a great military leader. Alexander Hamilton founded the “Federalist Papers” in 1787. They are a series of essays and articles written to promote ratification of the constitution. Hamilton wrote Federalist Paper number six, “Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States.” He argued that a disunited union would lead to domestic violence. The anti-federalists argued that the states would get along with one another even though they are disunited. Hamilton strongly disliked democracy's and republic’s. He also wrote number eleven, “The Utility of the Union in respect to Commercial Relations and a Navy.” He argued that a united union would...
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...University of Phoenix Material Causes and Outcomes of the Revolution Part 1: Causes Complete the grid by describing each pre-war event and explaining how it contributed to the Revolutionary War. |Pre-War Event |Description |Contribution to the Revolutionary War | | |French and Indian war was a conflict between Great Britain and France that had |They had refused to help pay for Britain’s war debt and they also refused to follow the | |French and Indian War|resulted in Britain taking over all of French lands in North America. |mandate on where they could settle or with whom they could trade with. | | |The Sugar Act was passed by the English Parliament to offset the war debt |The Sugar Act was the first of Acts passed. It was an Act that the King had passed, to | |Sugar Act |brought by the French and Indian War and to help pay for the expenses of running|increase money in the pay of colonists. That money would go to British Government, and | | |the colonies and newly acquired territories. This act increased the duties on |was one of the taxes that made the colonists rebel against England. | | |imported sugar and other items such as coffee, indigo, wines and textiles. | ...
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...Part 1: Causes Complete the grid by describing each pre-war event and explaining how it contributed to the Revolutionary War. Pre-War Event Description Contribution to the Revolutionary War French and Indian War This is the name American gave this war; this war was between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. This war was also known as the seven year war, in Great Britain it was known as King William's War or Queen Anne's War. With the end of the French & Indian War in 1763, the British government felt that the American colonies should cover a percentage of the cost associated with their defense. So the Parliament began passing a series of taxes designed to raise funds to offset this expense. Sugar Act The Sugar Act was passed in 1764. The British placed a tax on sugar, wine, and other important things. The Parliament wanted the money to help provide more security for the colonies. The Sugar Act made the people in the colonies pretty upset. If they only traded with Britain, they would not be able to sell their goods for as much. Some leaders in the colonies started to boycott, or to quite buying, British goods. Stamp Act The bill was passed on February 17, approved by the Lords on March 8th and weeks later ordered in effect by the King. The Stamp Act was Parliament's first serious attempt to assert governmental authority over the colonies. They need to get some of their money back after the French and Indian War. The colonies...
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...|Pre-war event |Description |Contribution to the Revolutionary War | |French and Indian War|Also known as the 7 Years War, a conflict mostly between native Indian tribes, |Led to the British and French for the Posession of the continent. The French wanted to | | |the British and the French. |reclaim the Americas after severeal defeats. The French returned to join the American | | | |Colonists to defeat the Brtitish which led to American independence. | |Sugar Act |On April 5, 1764, the parliament passed a modified version of the Sugar and |The Sugar Act had disrupted the colonial economy by reducing the markets to which the | | |Molasses Act of 1733, and this act was about to expire. Under the Molasses or |colonies could sell, and the amount of currency available to them for the purchase of | | |Sugar Act colonial merchants were required to pay a tax of six pence per gallon |British manufactured goods. This act, in addition to the Currency Act, set the stage for | | |on the importation of foreign molasses. |the revolt at the imposition...
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...helping of the invasion of their opponents. They destroyed their own property and contributed in direct conflict with the invaders. Pennsylvania Mary Fraier and her fellows added by giving their troops anything they could gather from food to clothing. Elizabeth Burgin gave foods to patriots who were captured. Sarah Franklin did struggle in raising funds for clothing their armies. Women had many different positions and played an important role. They were nurses, washerwomen, cooks, camp wives and seamstresses. Some women traded supplies to anyone even their soldiers. They were seen as aggravation in the fighting camps but were necessary for solders survival. Berkins notes, “George Washington was especially perplexed and annoyed by the women who sought refuge in his camps…. The women refused to obey Washington’s instructions. “Yet as even Washington would have had to admit, most of the women were absolutely necessary, if for no other reason than to cut down on...
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...Commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, George Washington was the first president of the United States (1789-1797). In the battlefield, Washington managed to provide motivation and guidance for the troops which led to a signed peace treaty between Great Britain and the U.S. After this, despite the fact that he intended to go back to his life as a family man, he was asked to attend the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia and head the committee that was in charge of drafting the new constitution. His leadership skills were tested in both, the battlefield and the convention, where he was able to prove his qualifications and, therefore, become the nation’s first president. He was born in February 1732 and died 67 years later in 1799. Despite the fact that he didn't belong to any party, he did not lacked popularity and his term lasted for 8 years. Back then, the United States was made up of 11 states and over four million people...
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