...channels of change to the area, bringing outside influences of many different peoples to an Indian-inhabited land. Like the constant flow of the rivers, there was a constant change in the American Bottom. The progress eventually developed the area into a center of economic activity and gateway to the west, but also excluded native and long-time residents. The Illinois Indians long dominated the American Bottom. They were a unique and special tribe, who were complex politically, religiously, and socially. They were also an independent people until French colonizers came to settle in the area. The French Creoles became the dominant population in the region, effecting trade and implementing French Creole culture in the region. The French would not be the last group trying to develop and profit from the American Bottom. When the United States gained control of the territory, it changed even further and eventually Americanized into an U.S. State. The importance of the region increased as the U.S. continued to grow westward. The American Bottoms location between the two great rivers made it the ideal location for a center of economic growth. Prior to the contact period, or the time when the Illinois first came into contact with Europeans, the Illinois were a great and influential tribe. They were a very interesting tribe who had a culture all their own. They were also a very autonomous bunch never having to rely on anyone but themselves for survival. This was all to change with the...
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...channels of change to the area, bringing outside influences of many different peoples to an Indian-inhabited land. Like the constant flow of the rivers, there was a constant change in the American Bottom. The progress eventually developed the area into a center of economic activity and gateway to the west, but also excluded native and long-time residents. The Illinois Indians long dominated the American Bottom. They were a unique and special tribe, who were complex politically, religiously, and socially. They were also an independent people until French colonizers came to settle in the area. The French Creoles became the dominant population in the region, effecting trade and implementing French Creole culture in the region. The French would not be the last group trying to develop and profit from the American Bottom. When the United States gained control of the territory, it changed even further and eventually Americanized into an U.S. State. The importance of the region increased as the U.S. continued to grow westward. The American Bottoms location between the two great rivers made it the ideal location for a center of economic growth. Prior to the contact period, or the time when the Illinois first came into contact with Europeans, the Illinois were a great and influential tribe. They were a very interesting tribe who had a culture all their own. They were also a very autonomous bunch never having to rely on anyone but themselves for survival. This was all to change with the...
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...his excommunication from the Roman Catholic church. b. the sale of indulgences. c. his time spent in England during the English Reformation. d. the turmoil caused by having two popes during the Great Schism. e. the influence of John Calvin. 2. The author of the Ninety-Five Theses was a. John Calvin. b. Erasmus. c. Voltaire. d. Martin Luther. e. Henry VIII. 3. The Catholic church dramatically pushed the sale of indulgences in the sixteenth century because of the a. need to match the resurgence of the Byzantine empire. b. threat posed by Islam. c. need for Henry VIII to pay off the national debt. d. expense associated with translating original Greek classics. e. need to raise funds for the construction of St. Peter’s basilica. 4. Which one of the following was not one of Luther’s problems with the Roman Catholic church? a. the selling of indulgences b. pluralism c. absenteeism d. the immense wealth of the Catholic church e. the church’s decision to translate the Bible into vernacular languages 5. Who said, “I cannot and will not recant anything, for it is neither safe nor right to act against one’s conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other.”? a. Martin Luther b. Jesus c. John Calvin d. Sima Qian e. Henry VIII 6. In the centuries following the fall of Rome, the only unifying force for all of Europe was a. the Byzantine empire. b. the Holy Roman empire. c. the Catholic church. d. the Auld Alliance...
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...traditional celebrations including St. Patrick’s Day. Linking alcohol and celebrations, Irish people are high risk for alcoholism. Furthermore, studies show that heart disease is the number one cause of death within this group of people, causing further alarm of the rampant use of alcohol. Healthcare providers have a duty to prevent further destruction of this jovial society by intervening when welcomed by family and those afflicted by alcohol. The Fighting Irish: From Beginning to End-Fighting for Fun, Life, With a Big Heart Today’s Irish population may not be quite as rowdy as once depicted. However, if provoked in the slightest, most likely the person doing the aggravating will soon find out why Irishmen have rightfully earned the nickname, “The Fighting Irish”. As an Irish descendant with the surname, McCollum, I can honestly attest to this part of the Irish temperament. Furthermore, Irishmen do not exclude their own family from violence either. A holiday with my family wouldn’t be normal without a few fist fights as the celebrations continue into the evening hours. When the fights are over, ill feelings released, and more Guinness is flowing we become a loving bunch again. A true Irishmen is found in the country of Ireland, but countless Irish immigrants descended upon America as early as the 1600s. With these strange newcomers came different dialect, customs, foods, and a deep devotion to Catholicism. Not until the mid-1800s did the Irish begin to invade America...
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...A well known author and researcher, Jonathan Kozol is famous for doing studies on inner city schools. In his book, Savage Inequalities”, he looks at, East St. Louis, Illinois, and the struggles the teachers, students, and community have to deal with everyday. He sees lots of problems in the city, but one that stands out most is segregation that still occurs in education. Kozol says, “In each of the larger cities there is usually one school or subdistrict which is highly publicized as an example of “restructured” education; but the changes rarely reach beyond this one example. Even in those schools where some “restructuring” has taken place, the fact of racial segregation has been, and continues to be largely uncontested” (Kozol, 4).” Kozol shows how schools that have supposedly “changed” still have segregation problems that were said to be resolved for years now. No matter how much schools deny it, segregation is still alive. There are facts and real life situations to prove it, but the question is, what factors lead to this problem? How has segregation in schools affected schools and students who go to segregated schools? What ideas or conclusions have been developed to identify this problem? As stated before, one of the most concerning questions we have to ask is, what are the factors that lead to segregation in schools today? One of the biggest answers I found to this question was the topic of residential segregation and its affect on school segregation. Gerald W. Bracey...
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...Panera Bread Case Study Paper August 16, 2013 Introduction Panera Bread Company got its start in 1981 known as Au Bon Pain Co. Inc. Since that time it has gone through several changes until it eventually became the Panera Bread Company in 1999. They have forged forward through the recession and a weak economy to become a well-respected restaurant known for its quality food. This review will take you through the beginnings of Panera Bread to where they are now. It will also cover their main competition and how they compare to each other, and the different charitable organizations that Panera sponsors. Founded by Louis Kane and Ron Shaich, Au Bon Pain Co was established in 1981. Their stores were mainly along the east coast of the United States and internationally where they prospered throughout the 1980’s and 1990’s. “In 1993, Au Bon Pain Co., Inc. purchased Saint Louis Bread Company, a chain of 20 bakery-cafes located in the St. Louis area” (Panera Bread, 2013). During that time the St. Louis Bread Company was in the process of renovating its bakery-cafes in the St. Louis area. Between 1993 and 1997 average unit volumes increased by 75% after completing a comprehensive re-staging of Saint Louis Bread Company. Eventually the name was changed to Panera Bread. Panera is a word that has roots in “breadbasket” in Latin. Panera Bread knew that they had the potential of becoming one of the leading brands in the nation. In order for Panera Bread to reach its potential...
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...it is a shock to people and the media gets a hold of this information and makes it known. Homosexual athletes will face challenges. Most locker rooms have a “don’t ask don’t tell” policy, and there are few openly gay male athletes in hyper masculine sports like American Football. Michael Sam became the first open gay player to enter the NFL draft and eventually would be selected in the draft by the St. Louis Rams. He announced he was gay back in February and ever since them he was the main focal point of the NFL up until the Draft. The main point of this paper is to take basic ideologies such as masculinity, violence, Race, Gender, sexuality or meritocracy, and use these ideologies to analyze how the media portrays Michael Sam. Another point that will be touched upon is how the news media and sport media have different ways of portraying Michael Sam in the media. Methods: The first thing I did to conduct my research was to find 10 media sources that were related to how the media portrayed Michael Sam. In these 10 media sources I was looking for different types of ideologies and how the media used these articles to describe Michael Sam. Once I found 10 media Articles I needed to find 2 more Academic articles. It was going to be hard to find an Academic article on Michael Sam because he announced he was gay in February, so I improvised. When searching for my academic articles I searched for sources that would be associated with Michael Sam such as black masculinity, or an article...
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...CHAPTER 1 Italy in the early nineteenth century INTRODUCTION In September 1870, the troops of King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy entered Rome. Italian unification, the bringing together different states of the Italian peninsula under one government, was complete. The Risorgimento, the reawakening of Italy, had reached its climax. However, the creation of the new Italian state was neither inevitable nor had it been planned. Although Italian unification had taken place, there was little enthusiasm for the new state among the Italian people. In 1861, an Italian politician named Massimo d’Azeglio remarked to Victor Emmanuel: ‘Sir, we have made Italy. Now we must make Italians.’ The story of what follows is of how Italy was made, but it is also a story of division and the failure to ‘make Italians’. THE STATES OF THE PENINSULA Towards the end of the eighteenth century the peninsula of Italy was home to a number of states. The Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont) From its capital city of Turin, the House of Savoy ruled this relatively poor part of Italy. Despite its poverty, successive rulers built up a strong army and governed with an effective civil service. The island of Sardinia was particularly backward and was sparsely populated. Until 1815, the important port of Genoa was part of the Republic of Genoa. It was politically separate from the Kingdom of Sardinia. Lombardy and Venetia In the 1790s, Lombardy was part of the Austrian Empire. Its capital, Milan, was the second largest city of that...
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...In today’s world there is a big controversy on police brutality and whether or not police officers are being too violent. In the last couple of years mostly, starting with the Michael Brown case, people have started to be against officers. There are ways officers can get training for de-escalating situations, wearing body cameras, and getting enough training. Money needs to be set aside for police training and all stations should get the same amount no matter how poor or rich the community is. More violence in communities that require police force. Many violent situations require force to be desculated. “If we ask people instead of telling them, and if we give them a reason for why we’re doing something, we get much less resistance,” said Gary T. Klugiewicz, a retired Milwaukee County Sheriff’s Office...
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... Lovely Louis and Abigail Saint – Juste English 1 Ms. M. Jeanty November 26, 2007 In the early jazzy years, there was a small restaurant where people were dancing to a new jazz number. They were laughing, eating, chatting, and enjoying themselves. In the mist of all the laughter, there sat a man in a dark corner writing vigorously. His name was Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald. He was an American author of novels and many short stories. He was also recognized as one of the greatest authors in the twentieth century. Fitzgerald’s Early Years Francis Scott K. Fitzgerald was born in St. Paul, Minnesota, on September 24, 1896. He was named after his famous distant cousin Francis Scott Key, who was the author of the National Anthem. His father, Edward Fitzgerald, and his mother were both Catholic and of Irish descent. However they both came from different societies. Fitzgerald’s mother came from a background where money was everything, such as: position and stability. And his father came from a background where discipline was the most importance. As a result all the attitudes and manners that were established in Fitzgerald’s character came from his father and all the concerns of stability in the society came from his mother. Between the years of 1898-1901 and 1903- 1908 he lived in Buffalo, New York. And this is when he attended Nardin Academy. However when his father was fired from his job, his family had to move back to Minnesota, where he now went to school at St. Paul Academy...
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...KEY TERMS: Aztecs- A tribe of Warriors who dominated the Valley of Mexico, led by Hernán Cortés. Also known as Western Historians. Cahokia- Near modern day St. Louis, one of the largest urban centers by Mississippian people with 30,000 residents in 1250. Settlement based on agriculture. Great League of Peace and Power- Confederation of five nations, formed in the fifteenth century to stop conflict and gain strength against enemies. Songhai Empire- Powerful West-African state that flourished between 1450 and 1591, when it fell to Moroccan invasion. One of the highest empires of their time. Reconquista- Long struggle that ended in 1492, which Spanish Christians reconquered the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim occupiers. Protestants- Europeans...
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...music 02 • In the African heritage it had to be the music, the preacher and the religious. o Had to be the preacher and the response • Music was to be free but then brought Christianity which was pulled out from that they say. • Involving percussion tones • Melees tone – not singing the tone right to but to shape it. We wear the mask poem: Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872 – 1906) • Mask – façade, disguises you, hides you, masquerade, protection, performers. Performance v. rituals • Ritual o Gospel • Performance o For others/benefits o Entertainment o Image Video: Education on Minstrel – goes into the Images topic • Developed in 1820. • T.D. Rice • Jim crow presents himself as an African (black face) by performing how the Africans perform. Performance within a performance. • Compromise of 4, etc. o Paid performances • Call and response Images: • Co-opted • Corruption of the history image • Massive available – were everywhere. • The images like the lips exaggerated, clothing, hair. • Looked more animalistic in the pictures • Children in images that they were alligator bait • Food that they ate – watermelon and chickens. Watermelons grow in Africa so they eat it a lot which people didn’t know that.. o Letter from home – is food that you recognize (watermelons) • Clown – dressing them as that in images and plays. • Sheet...
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...This article was downloaded by: [Washington University in St Louis] On: 27 October 2013, At: 12:41 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Aging & Mental Health Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/camh20 Life-review therapy with computer supplements for depression in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial Barbara Preschl , Andreas Maercker , Birgit Wagner , Simon Forstmeier , Rosa M. Baños a c d a a b a , Mariano Alcañiz , Diana Castilla & Cristina Botella e f d f Department of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention , University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland b Clinic for Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig , Germany c Departamento Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos , Universidad de Valencia , Valencia , Spain d e f CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Carlos III , Spain LabHuman , Universidad Politécnica de Valencia , Valencia , Spain Departamento de Psicología Básica , Clinica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I , Castellón , Spain Published online: 13 Jul 2012. To cite this article: Barbara Preschl , Andreas Maercker , Birgit Wagner , Simon Forstmeier , Rosa M. Baños , Mariano Alcañiz , Diana Castilla & Cristina Botella (2012) Life-review...
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...BODY SIZE AND BODY FORM I. Analyzing Faces and Heads: Physiognomy and Phrenology To evaluate the outward appearance of the body and to read the mental and moral capacities of the person. Leaders of all 4 of these movements were highly educated. A. Physiognomy and facial observation –from greek, physio = nature, nomen = judge, judgement of human nature. Believed you could judge one’s mental and moral character by looking at one’s face. A ton of phrases today still show the judgement of character based solely on face (high brow, snooty, shifty eyed). 1. Giovanni Battista della Porta, Italy, De Humana Physiognomia (1586) –wrote first book on physiognomy. Porta was in Naples, Italy, a scientist and mathematician. Based his ideas on animal characteristics. In his book, he compared certain human faces to certain animal characteristics, and then associated the characteristics of the animal to the human. 2. Johann Lavater (1741-1801), Germany, Von der Physiognomik (1772) –Popularizes physiognomy, from Zurich, Switzerland, and then moved to Germany. Trained as a pastor. Makes physiognomy a science, through the publication of his work, “essays on physiognomy”. In the book, he laid out 100 physiognomy rules, where a look is associated with a trait. 3. General theory –The belief that mental and moral traits (character) can be determined and judged by one’s outward facial structure (their appearance and expressions). One trained in physiognomy could diagnose character by analyzing...
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...On April 4, 1928, St. Louis, Missouri in the United States Vivian Johnson and Bailey Johnson welcomed their daughter Maya Angelou. The world was in for a change that day. Marguerite Annie Johnson was her real name. It wasn’t till Maya Angelou's early twenties when she received her name that we would all know today. Maya Angelou was a master of all trades, Maya went on to become an acclaimed American Poet, autobiographer, storyteller, and activist. Maya Angelou was best known as a poet and an award-winning author. In 1931 Maya Angelou and her brother has been sent to live with their grandmother in Stamps in Arkansas. At this time Stamps was a racially divided and Maya had now experienced what being a black girl in this racist society. As one could imagine her grandmother did her best to instill values and morals among their home. When Maya Angelou was eight years old she was living with her mother in Saint Louis. Tragically Maya was raped which then lead Maya to become mute for close to five years. Maya Angelou was sent back to Stampa because no one could handle the state that Maya was in. While living back in Stamps Maya life was going to change for the better. Mrs. Flowers was a woman that rescued Maya from who she thought she was. Maya confidence was regained and she was once more thriving. Maya at this time lived behind the back of the Johnson Grocery store with her brother and Uncle Willie. At this time Johnson Grocery Store would sell to both whites and blacks. In the home...
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