...main factors that put Islamic economics in distance with the conventional economics. Because of this difference in nature, Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) have different types of contracts as practiced by conventional financial institutions. One of the types of contracts entered by IFIs is the Ijarah contract. Ijarah contracts are also known as Islamic leasing. Basically, this study is done in order to understand more the nature of leasing according to Islamic principles, and at the same time, the differences of ijarah with conventional leasing. In addition, this study also aims to identify the types of ijarah practiced by IFIs in Malaysia and also to see how Malaysian IFIs disclosed their ijarah financing in comparison to their counterparts in Bahrain IFIs. This is because as one ummah, it is important to have a standardized standard that is Shariah compliant and could be compared with all the other IFIs. Analysis was done based on the financial reports of the IFIs to observe the differences in the disclosures. The result obtained from the observations then will be used to suggest some improvements that could be done to improve the IFIs. Ijarah (Islamic Leasing) Ijarah contract could be defined as a contract that transfers the usufruct of an item...
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...Islamic Banking Operations and Regulatory Framework Workshop Organized by Centre for Banking Studies, Central Bank of Sri Lanka 24 – 26 January 2012 Colombo – Sri Lanka Sukuk: Shariah Guidelines for Islamic Bonds Presented By: MOHD NAZRI BIN CHIK Member, Shariah Supervisory Council of Amana Bank Head of Shariah Division, Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad AGENDA o Overview on Sukuk o Fundamental Shariah Requirements o Sukuk Structure o Example of Sukuk Structuring and Shariah Issues o Sukuk Trading o Bank Islam and Amana Bank Involvements in Sukuk Structuring Capital Market: The Heart of A Nation’s Financial System Overall economy are divided into: Real sector – produces the nation’s output of goods and services Financial sector – providing financing needed to fund the real sector REAL SECTOR Surplus Units Households Corporate Government Foreign Investor FINANCIAL SECTOR REAL SECTOR Deficit Units Indirect Funding Banking System & Financial Intermediaries Capital Market Direct Funding Source: Adopted from Professor Dr Obiyathulla Ismath Bacha (2010) Households Corporate Government Foreign Investor Introduction to Sukuk (Islamic securities) and Sukuk Market Sukuk market is one of the fastest growing segments of the Islamic capital market (“direct funding market”). Usually translated as Islamic bond is the most active...
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...Accounting Treatment of Ijarah Muhannad A. Atmeh1 & Jamal Abu Serdaneh2 1 TAG Graduate School of Business Administration, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan 2 Faculty of Business Studies, Arab Open University – Jordan Branch, Amman, Jordan Correspondence: Muhannad A. Atmeh, TAG Graduate School of Business Administration, Mecca Street, P.O. Box 921951, Amman 11192, Jordan. Tel: 962-7-950-1220. E-mail: muhannad.atmeh@gju.edu.jo Received: May 22, 2012 doi:10.5539/ijbm.v7n18p49 Accepted: June 20, 2012 Online Published: September 16, 2012 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v7n18p49 Abstract Islamic banks use finance leases as a mode of financing, after incorporating major alterations in the structure of the contract in order to meet Shariah principles. In this case, the contract is called ‘Ijarah Muntahia Bittamleek’. As different structures might lead to different accounting results, the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) issued Financial Accounting Standards to tackle the accounting treatment for such transactions. The paper criticised the accounting treatment offered by AAOIFI for violating the matching principle and lacking faithful representation. Suggested amendments for accounting treatments are also proposed. Keywords: Ijarah, lease, Islamic accounting, Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), financial reporting 1. Introduction Ijarah, also referred...
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...Running head: CONTRADICTION CONCEPTS IN AAIOFI WITH ISLAMIC BANKING Contradiction concepts in Islamic Banking in Malaysia Nor Alina bt Abdul Latip International Islamic University Malaysia Abstract This study investigates the concepts use in Islamic Banking in Malaysia and compares it with guidelines provide by Islamic teachings. It finds that most Islamic banks in Malaysia offer BBA in home financing and Ijarah in car financing as their products. The findings show that concepts of BBA and Ijarah practise in Islamic Institutions in Malaysia are differ from the actual Islamic teachings. The study also reveals that Islamic banks are restricted to the Malaysian requirements in providing their products. Page no Abstract 2 Introduction 4 Literature review 5 Methodology 7 Findings 7 Conclusion 13 1.0 INTRODUCTION Financial Accounting Organization for Islamic Banks and Financial Institutions is known as Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). It was established in 1991 (AAOIFI, 2007, p.8). AAOIFI standards are drawn from Islamic teaching. The standards free from three important concepts that are used in conventional institutions which are interest...
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...International Standards for Islamic Finance AAOIFI – Introduction AAOIFI & IFRS - Comparison on structural objectives AAOIFI & IFRS - Categories of accounting standards for Islamic financial institutions AAOIFI & IFRS - Examples of main differences Adoption of AAOIFI Standards How AAOIFI Standards Support Islamic Finance Industry www.aaoifi.com For more information on the Institute of Management Accountants, visit www.imanet.org AAOIFI – Introduction • Responsible for formulation and issuance of international Islamic finance standards. • Has issued 68 standards: 25 accounting standards; 5 auditing standards; 6 governance standards (incl. on Shari’a supervision); 2 codes of ethics; and 30 Shari’a standards (rules for application of Shari’a). • Also developing new standards and reviewing existing standards. • Supported by over 165 institutional members from over 35 countries. Members include central banks and regulatory authorities; Islamic and conventional financial institutions; accounting and auditing professions; and Islamic financial support services providers. • In order to support technical application of standards, AAOIFI offers the following professional qualification programs: - Certified Islamic Professional Accountants (CIPA), and - Certified Shari’a Adviser and Auditor (CSAA). For more information on the Institute of Management Accountants, visit www.imanet.org 1 AAOIFI & IFRS - Comparison on structural objectives A. Differences on coverage of standards...
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...International Islamic University Islamabad Subject: Commercial Bank management An Over View Of Bank Al-Islami Submitted to: Sir. Ismat Ullah Butt Submitted by: Muhammad Mahmood Khan (group leader) 103-se/bsef(4)/F08 Email address: mmkaries2@hotmail.com Other members: Malik hammad anwar 121-se/bsef(4)/f08 Umair Hassan khawaja 122-se/bsef(4)/f08 Jehanzeb saeed khan 130-se/bsef(4)/f08 Stephen kingori Introduction: Bank-Al Islami The Idea: The epochal idea of Bank Al-Islami was conceptualized by Jahangir Siddiqui & Company Limited and DCD Group in late 2003. Mr. Hasan A. Bilgrami was appointed as Adviser to the sponsors on March 16, 2004 to formalize the idea. He presented the concept paper of Bank Al-Islami to sponsors on March 24, 2004. A detailed business plan was then prepared and a formal application was submitted to the State Bank of Pakistan on May 26, 2004. On September 26, 2005, Dubai Bank joined the Sponsors and became one of the founding shareholders of Bank Al-Islami by investing 18.75% in the total Capital. Accreditation by State Bank of Pakistan: The State Bank of Pakistan issued a No Objection Certificate in no time on August 19, 2004 and Bank Al-Islami Pakistan Limited, the second full-fledge Islamic Commercial Bank in Pakistan, was incorporated on October 18, 2004 in Pakistan. Bank Al-Islami Pakistan Limited was the first Bank to receive the Islamic Banking license under the Islamic Banking policy...
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...Assignment on: Islamic Banking Submitted to: Md. Alamgir Hossen Assistant Professor IBA – JU Submitted by: Tanjim Mahmud 21st Batch ClassID – 1564 Institute of Business Administration Date of submission: 14/05/2014 Islamic banking is banking based on Islamic law (Shariah). It follows the Shariah, called fiqh muamalat (Islamic rules on transactions). The rules and practices of fiqh muamalat came from the Quran and the Sunnah, and other secondary sources of Islamic law such as opinions collectively agreed among Shariah scholars (ijma’), analogy (qiyas) and personal reasoning (ijtihad). Shariah concepts in Islamic banking: The common Shariah concepts are as follows: Wadiah (Safekeeping) : Wadiah means custody or safekeeping. In a Wadiah arrangement, customer will deposit cash or other assets in a bank for safekeeping. The bank guarantees the safety of the items kept by it. Here is how it works: 1) Customer places money in a bank and the bank guarantees to return the money to customer. 2) Customers are allowed to withdraw the money anytime. 3) Bank may charge customer a fee for looking after customers money and may pay hibah (gift) to customer if it deems fit. 4) This concept is normally used in deposit-taking activities, custodial services and safe deposit boxes. Mudharabah (Profit sharing) Mudharabah is a profit sharing arrangement between two parties, that is, an investor and the entrepreneur. The investor will supply the entrepreneur with funds for his business...
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...FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs) ON ISLAMIC BANKING Prepared by Mr. Imran Ahmad Mr. Ghulam Shabbir Islamic Banking Department State Bank of Pakistan Karachi. PART 1: RIBA AND INTEREST......................................................................................... 4 Question No. 1). What is Islamic Banking? ................................................................................................ 4 Question No. 2). What is the philosophy of Islamic banking?.................................................................... 4 Question No.3) What is Meant By Riba? .................................................................................................... 5 Question No.4) What is interest? Is there any difference between interest and Riba? ............................ 5 Question No. 5) What are the different kinds of Riba?.............................................................................. 6 Question No. 6). What are the revelations/verses in Holy Quran regarding prohibition of Riba/interest? ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Question No. 7) What are the sayings/Ahadith about Riba/Interest? .................................................... 10 Question No.8) Are there any injunctions against Riba/usury in religious texts other than Holy Quran? .......................................
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...terms: amanah, deposit, trust, bailment o Authorities from the Quran and Sunnah on wadiah o Acceptance of wadiah as benevolent act and not for profit: the need for actual delivery Applied Shariah- Lecture 5 DUTY OF CARE EXPECTED OF A TRUSTEEIKEEPER Basically possession is as yadd amanah The reason why it is yadd amanah When fees are collected for safekeeping, issue of liability/daman will arise Ajir mushtarak/hiring and public policy consideration The relevance of negligence/taqsir and liability for loss in cases where fees are charged The articulation by Hanafi jurists Applied $hariah- Lecture 5 WADIAH AND IJARAH o Wadiah proper is tabarru' o lf fees are charged, ijarah contract is created thus contract become binding on both parties- Hanafi and Maliki o Only if word ijarah is used according to Shafi and Hanbali o The nature of ijarah and duty of care expected of the hired keeper Applied Shariah- Lecture 5 2 PERMISSION TO USE BY OWNER t Nature of the property is relevant to be ascertained o Property still intact after use or diminished by the use a Whether permission given results in qard/lending t Or the relationship remains as wadiah I Legal implications depend on which possibility a The real intentions of parties: wadiah or q ard? Applied Shariah- Lecture 5 USE BY TRUSTEE WITH PERMISSION lf by permission all jurists allow it lmplied permission and right to use Liability of trustee who uses with permission-yadd dhamanah or amanah? Three...
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... Name Designation Contact Mr. Pervez Said Director Pervez.Said@sbp.org.pk Mr. Imran Ahmad Senior Joint Director Imran.Ahmad@sbp.org.pk Ms. Fatima Javaid Regulating Officer Fatima.Javaid@sbp.org.pk TABLE OF CONTENTS S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 Background Introduction Prudential regulations for SME Financing Importance in light of Strategic Plan for Islamic Banking Industry Scope of Islamic Banking over Conventional Banking in current Financial crises Proposed Products for Islamic SME Financing Need for Risk Management 7 Murabaha Financing Transaction Structure Accounting Treatment Risk Management 12 12 15 15 18 20 18 21 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 31 33 34 35 35 38 39 40 PARTICULARS Page No. 1 2 4 9 11 8 Ijarah Based Financing Basic Rules Accounting Treatment Risk Management 9 Salam Based Financing Basic Rules Accounting Treatment Risk Management 10 Diminishing Musharaka Basic Transaction Structure Accounting Treatment Risk Management 11 Istisna Financing Flow of Transaction Accounting Treatment Risk Management 12 Project Financing Handbook On Islamic SME Financing BACKGROUND One of the important characteristics of a flourishing and growing economy is a blooming SMEs sector. Small and medium enterprises play an important role in the development of a country. SMEs contribute to economic growth in various ways like as by creating employment for rural and urban growing labor force, providing desirable sustainability...
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...| | | | | | | | | | | | |USMAN AKRAM |+92-42-5879870 | | |+92-0323-4810136 | | |667-Neelam Block, | | |Allama Iqbal Town, | | |Lahore | | |Email:Usman649@gmail...
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...Contents 1 2 10 12 What is Islamic banking? Islamic banking in Malaysia Observing Shariah principles Shariah concepts in Islamic banking Frequently asked questions Glossary This booklet tells you about the basic concepts and principles of Islamic banking. What is Islamic banking? Islamic banking is banking based on Islamic law (Shariah). It follows the Shariah, called fiqh muamalat (Islamic rules on transactions). The rules and practices of fiqh muamalat came from the Quran and the Sunnah, and other secondary sources of Islamic law such as opinions collectively agreed among Shariah scholars (ijma’), analogy (qiyas) and personal reasoning (ijtihad). Islamic banking in Malaysia • The first Islamic bank was established in Malaysia in 1983. • In 1993, commercial banks, merchant banks and finance companies begun to offer Islamic banking products and services under the Islamic Banking Scheme (IBS banks). • The IBS banks have to separate the funds and activities of the Islamic banking transactions from the nonIslamic banking business (conventional banking). • You can identify an Islamic bank or an IBS bank from the logo below: 1 bankinginfo info perbankan Observing Shariah principles All Islamic banks and IBS banks have set up Shariah Committees to guide them on Shariah matters and to make sure that they function in a manner that is in line with the Shariah. In addition, the advice of the Shariah Advisory Council which is the highest Shariah body set up at Bank...
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...financing is made under the financing product know as | Musharka | 2 | Capital not be in commodity or in metal currency for financing products known as | Modaraba | 3 | Inflation and holding the scarcity and price hike through financing mode known as | Morabaha | 4 | Financing is not given but assets are given on rents in financing mode known as | Ijarah | 5 | Rs.5 million finance for Capital Assets | Ijarah | 6 | Early you pay less you pay, delay you pay more you pay | Ijarah | 7 | Four partners are not eligible for management fee amount merge with Net Profit | Musharka | 8 | Selling Expense is the part of the cost of the product | Morabaha | 9 | SME concept is drive from the Financing Mode known as | Modaraba | 10 | Capital is structured by contribution sale of equity participation certification known as | Sukuk | 11 | Net Worth divided into equal amount of unit which are sale by owner to avail financing | Musharka | 12 | Financier cannot interfere till the maturity of the transaction | Modaraba | 13 | Affordability level taken out from Gross Monthly Income in financing mode known as | Ijarah | 14 | It is not debt base instrument but work on time base to structure capital | Sukuk | 15 | Chose the suitable words from below given words | | 16 | Opposite to Rehen is | Arboon | 17 |...
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...GROUP MEMBERS M.FURQAN YOUNAS M10MBA007 MUHAMMAD AHMAD M10MBA022 JUNAID ALI SULERI M10MBA006 NABEEL TAJ GHORI M10MBA027 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction………………………………………………………………….. ………. 03 Definition …………………………………………………………………………………… 07 Factors to be in mind while going for auto finance………………………. 07 Financing Glossary ………………………………………………………………………. 09 Best deal ………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 Prudential rules and regulations of SBP ………………………………………. 14 How does auto financing work ……………………………………………………… 16 Types of Auto Finance ………………………………………………………………. 19 Drawbacks of Auto finance ………………………………………………………… 20 Ijarah car financing ………………………………………………………………………. 22 Auto finance by commercial banks in Pakistan …………………………….. 25 Difference between ijara and conventional Auto Finance …………….. 33 Issuue of takaful…………………………………………………………………………… 37 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………… 39 INTRODUCTION: The subject of car finance comprises the different financial products which allows someone to acquire a car with any arrangement other than a single lump payment. The provision of car finance by a third party supplier allows the acquirer to provide for and raise the funds to compensate the initial owner, either a dealer or manufacturer. For Business sector finance: Car finance is required by both private individuals and businesses. All types of finance products are available to either sector, however the market share by finance type for each sector...
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...The Journal of Applied Business Research – January/February 2009 Volume 25, Number 1 The Evolution Of Islamic Finance In Southeast Asia: The Case Of Malaysia (1) Rika Nakagawa, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is threefold: to explain why the Islamic financial system was introduced in Malaysia; to outline how the Malaysian government has promoted this system; and to analyze the development of the Islamic financial system with a specific focus on the banking sector. In Malaysia, the first Islamic bank, Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd., was established in 1983. One turning point of the Islamic financial system in the country was the Financial Sector Master Plan presented by the central bank in 2001. The government, in accordance with the plan, has taken a strong initiative in the development of an Islamic financial system. As a result, the country has succeeded in promoting a comprehensive Islamic financial system, banking and insurance sectors and capital markets. In the banking sector, this paper reveals that the profit-sharing system does not seem to be popular in this country although the reward system is central to Islamic Finance. In order for further development of the Islamic financial sector, the reasons why the percentage of contracts under the profit-sharing system is small need to be analyzed. Keywords: Islamic Finance in Malaysia, Financial Sector Master Plan, New Economic Policy, Bank Islam Malaysia Bhd., Islamic Banking Scheme...
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