...Human Trafficking United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) defines human trafficking as “the acquisition of people by improper means such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them”. UNODC notes that every country of the world is affected by human trafficking crimes. Therefore, the United States is not an exception. Smuggling of migrants is also often labelled as human trafficking although there are certain distinctions between them. At the same time, Chacon (2986) fairly points out: “the line between smuggling and trafficking is becoming increasingly blurry”. The United States is an attractive country for migrants from all over the world. Illegal migration is one of the major concerns of the US government. This illegal migration is a part of a broader problem which is human trafficking. This paper is an attempt to explore how human trafficking affects the US economy, and specifically how it affects Houston. Migrant smuggling refers to assistance to individuals to cross borders illegally. Usually such assistance is provided for financial gain. Individuals may illegal cross border for various purposes such as performing labour, including sex services (Chacon, 2981). Migrant smuggling is usually conducted under the coercive conditions (Chacon, 2981). The United States is majorly a destination or a transit territory for human trafficking ("Humantrafficking.org "). By different estimates, 4,500 to 17,500 people per year are trafficked to the country ("Humantrafficking...
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...The topic I chose to do is migration. Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. There are four main types of migration permanent, temporary, voluntary or forced and they can be internal or international. Internal means going from your country to another within the same region and international means to from one country to another. There are various reasons why people migrate and migration has to do a lot with push and pull factors. Push factors are those which force a person to move. This can include drought, famine, lack of jobs, over population and civil war. Pull factors are those which encourage a person to move. These include a chance of a better job, better education and a better standard of living. In my article reviews I will reveal some of the reasons for migration. Since migration occurs all over the world I decided to go beyond the beautiful tranquil waters of The Bahamas into the regions of South Africa and China. I selected two out four articles which are related Africa and the other two on China these are all based on some form of migration. My first article is entitle Migration and Elderly Africans in the United States and this speaks distinctively on Immigration migration. The second article entitle The socio-economic impact of African immigration on urban development in South Africa: the case of Empangeni this speaks distinctively on African immigration in South Africa. My third article entitle Rural-urban migration and urbanization in Gansu...
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...The United States has experienced a sharp spike in immigration flows over the past decade. The Pew Hispanic Research Center has reported non-partisan statistical analyses and public opinion data chronicling the rapid growth of the Latino population and its implication for the nation as a whole to government stakeholders and officials that mandate new policies both foreign and domestic. The center uses the tools of social science research to improve understanding of the diverse Hispanic experience in the United States and to chronicle the Latino growing impact on the country. The latest figures compiled by the Pew Hispanic Center indicate that there are more than 11 million undocumented immigrants, a number that includes more than one million children under the age of 18. Overall, the undocumented represent approximately 4% of the nation's population, 5% of its labor force, and 28% of its foreign-born population (Suro, 2005). However, these statistics could be challenged simply based on Scheuren’s (2004) account that bias could be an issue as the “findings are extrapolated from a sample of the Mexican population”. A stratified sample from varies regions of Hispanics would likely have yielded different results. Survey results tend to be mixed depending on if one is native born or migrant. Congress attempts to pass immigration reform laws in order to control or at least temper the illegal migrations. Research is gathered and used in order to make informed decisions that will be...
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... This video talks about the process that immigrants endure when crossing the border in the United States. This video is based on the part one process that immigrant community has to complete to stay in the U.S. for thirty days. Looking at the outcomes of immigrants crossing the border is overwhelming and overcrowding many detention centers. This process that these immigrants are enduring, it’s for women with their children. This gives family a little hope and freedom until meeting with a judge. The evidence that’s shown within this video breaks down the relationship, using statistics on generational immigrants in the United States. This video looks at immigrant within their socioeconomic status to fit them into a certain demographic. The video focuses on immigrants in the United States to establish citizenship and a chance of a new life for these families. This video research looks in-depth into the impact and outcomes with immigrant’s families that are seeking citizenship once crossing the border with their children. The video develops data to breaks down women and their children immigrant to figure the different step that theses immigrant families have to endure before gaining full citizenship in the U.S. With the reporters breaks the down the selection bias which is a cause and effect method that manipulate the citizenship within the immigrant culture. With this result that was established in the video tell that immigrants entering the U.S. into can become a beneficial...
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...There are several impacts to society when there is an influx of immigrants pouring in from surrounding countries. These impacts can be both good and bad and in my opinion can have many butterfly effects. These effects in our current times are realized easier because of years of this immigration happening between various countries back in forth. The impacts on public finances are neither a gain or drain on the society of the natives. Migrants cost the government more money but this line of cost moves in parallel to the surplus, which suggest that they are actually stimulating the internal demand. There is a common thought about the contributions of migrant workers being minimal because they pay fewer taxes. This could be fixed easily if they were given more opportunity in the labor force. The migrants are not given great opportunity in the work force do to the lack of educational background that may exist and less experience or lack thereof. A lacking that migrant workers may tend to have actually becomes both beneficial and troublesome. The migrant workers begin to displace the native workers, which can be troublesome, but this allows for more cheap labor while more experienced native workers can progress professionally in their careers. This especially holds true in the service industry, mainly the pediatric and geriatric sectors. It is believed that minimum wage hinders the migrant integration into the workforce and that lowering the minimum wage while giving subsidies may offset...
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...1.2. TRENDS AND PATTERNS OF MIGRATION TO AND FROM CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES Elizabeth Thomas-Hope[1] INTRODUCTION Migration has become deeply embedded in the psyche of Caribbean peoples over the past century and a half. It has evolved as the main avenue for upward mobility through the accumulation of capital – financial and social. Thus the propensity for migration is high and there is a general responsiveness to the opportunities for moving whenever they occur. At times these opportunities have come from within the region itself or the wider circum-Caribbean region, as in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; in more recent times from North America and Europe. The migration dynamic reflects the interplay of international, national and highly personal circumstances. Global changes affect the international economic order and the division of labour and, as a consequence, legislative controls and inducements to the movement of labour across selective national borders. At the national level, economic, social, demographic and political factors influence the variable access of people to economic rewards and social opportunities. But migration is not a passive reaction to internal ‘pushes’ and external ‘pulls’. Within this wider international and national context, migration is part of a dynamic set of negotiations at all levels. For whether ‘free’ movement or refugee, there is a selective process that operates at the interface of the needs of...
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...Globalization and movement for labor affect the United States all across the board. People find it hard to pull up and move to various locations around the world but for a better life for themselves and the family they often do so . Families do so for better wages to avoid crime, better education and sometimes are forced to. Immigrants take a chance for a better life by facing, crime, kidnapping and murdering order to get to various places in the United States. Texas border brings in more than half of the immigrants who illegally and legally come into the United States. Jon 13 34-35 gives us direction on how to treat others regardless if they are immigrants her illegally or legally . One status does not dictate this. “34 “A new command I give you: Love one another. As I have loved you, so you must love one another. 35 By this everyone will know that you are my disciples, if you love one another.” People find it hard to pull up the roots that they have held tight to and move to a place they have never been. Although this is hard millions of non-American citizens have made the decision to move. The immigration that had the most impact took place around the eighteen hundreds, this was due to the Great Depression through the hard times in the 1930s. During this time over 60 million people immigrated too different parts of the world but more than half of those immigrants came to the United. States. Globalization and movement of labor has a wide...
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...Migration Research Paper Name of Institution Name of Student Introduction Global economy as well as how society relates is greatly influenced by migration. Throughout history migration has facilitated human interaction which has led to the spread and advancement of humanity as a whole. Migration facilitates the movement of labour, the transfer of ideas, diffusion of new technology and interaction of various cultures. It is therefore important to understand the trends in migration and the factors causing migration. Migration trends also need to be understood in terms of the characteristics of immigrating groups. In so doing the cause behind the migration of these groups becomes evident. This research tackles the factors causing immigration whilst paying special attention to the role played by government policy and state action. This is mainly because emigration and immigration have, over the years, become state affairs transcending the personal requirements of individuals. Countries have adopted strict laws, policies and protocols that guide the emigration and immigration processes. The paper established a deep correlation between these laws, policies and protocols and the migration patterns. This was after analysis of available migration statistics as well as government policy and state action. The latter was found to have a rooted influence on the former either directly or indirectly. In the direct influence, government policy presents a push or pull factor that necessitated...
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...THE RIGHTS OF ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS IN KENYA: LESSONS FROM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. GODWIN KIPKIRUI LANGAT LAW/M/0985/09/12 ABSTRACT Many perspectives have been offered in the academic literature to explain the phenomenon of illegal immigration across the world. Unfortunately, most studies fail to adequately account for the rights of immigrants and how they are being violated. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study The purpose of this research is to show all the rights of illegal immigrants and the extent to which they are violated and/or respected in Kenya’s legal system by use of vital lessons from the American legal system. Respecting their rights is important because it shows that we are respecting the rule of law. It is important to note that all people are equal and therefore they should be treated equally without discrimination. People should also be allowed the freedom of movement and also that it should be ensured that the same freedom of movement should be regulated so that it ensures that one single country or state do not suffer the outcomes of immigration. Migration is a fact of life whereby people move to new countries to improve themselves economically and maybe to pursue their educations. Others leave to escape armed conflicts or other violations of human rights. Several statutory laws in Kenya provide means by which certain aliens/illegal immigrants can become naturalized citizens. Immigration law determines who...
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..."It is time we recognized the huge contribution that migration has made to the economic growth of this country." This quote, stated by Jeremy Corben, explains the crucial impact that migration has had in the development of the United States. Moreover, some examples of notable migrations that have occurred throughout the history of the United States include the westward migration during the 1800's along with that of the Sun Belt. For instance, these migrations have had economic, social, and political effects on the nation, whose lasting impacts are still felt today. This can be supported by Documents 1a, 2, ,3, 7, 8b, and 9b. As an effect of the American belief that it was America's manifest destiny to expand from sea to shining sea...
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...The term migration refers to the movement of population from one place to another. It may be of temporary or permanent type. While immigrant is a person who is entering a country from another to take up new residence. The activity of migration has take place since the beginning of human being from their first home in Eastern Africa to all over the world. Ever since civilization, humans tend to categorized immigrants into legal and illegal based on few factors which vary from one civilization to another. Legal immigrants has always play a significant roles in boosting the economic growth of the country. In fact, most of the time, economic factor is the main reasons to bring in legal immigrants to fill up the human resources gap exist in any migrated country. It is proven that some economic superpower would not be at the level they are right now if its not because of migration that took place centuries before. United States for an examples is hardly united themselves or reached the level they are right now should they resist to migration and depends on the Apache Tribe for development and the Cherokees for governing. Same goes to other country country like Australia, Canada and etc. Apart of occupying the unemployed positions, the legal immigrants always, at one particular time will have the tendency to get involved in the economic not only as a small player at the dispense of working in small position, but also as a big or main economic player by venture in enterprenuership...
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...1. Introduction More than 100,000 years ago the first modern humans left Africa and began to colonize the world. Since then human history is also a history of migration. Migration has always been a strong impetus towards human development, these days however migration is often seen as problem or threat. Migration is defined as the permanent change of residence of a person or group. It is a natural social phenomenon. Humans have colonized the entire world and penetrated its remotest areas. Migration is taking place within very different contexts: f.e. military conquest, refugees, expulsion or enslavement. But migrants have also traveled in search of economic opportunities, new settlement areas or trade routes. Currently approximately 216,000,000 people are living away from their place of birth. This number equals about 3% of the world population. Analyzing the reasons for migration one distinguishes between push and pull factors - often both appear together. Push factors are circumstances in the country of origin that lead people to emigrate, for example poverty, war or environmental disasters. Pull factors are conditions in the destination country that make immigration attractive such as economic opportunity and political freedom. Overall trends By far the most immigrants live in the United States followed by Russia and Germany. The main countries of origin are Mexico, India, China and Russia. In proportion to the population Persian Gulf countries host the largest share...
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...Immigration was a huge factor during 1865-1898. More than 2,812,191 immigrants arrived in the U.S., mainly from Europe. About 70% of all immigrants came through New York, in which became known as the “Golden Door.” Many of them were fleeing crop failure, shortages in land and jobs, raising taxes, personal freedom, economic opportunity, or escape from political or religious persecution. The rise of big business in the United States encouraged massive migrations and urbanization, sparked government and popular efforts to reshape the U.S. economy and environment. The most important factors that impact of both late 19th-century international migration to the United States and internal migration within the United States were immigrants living in...
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...Reverse Outline • Introduction- background on migration from El Salvador (paragraph 1). • Reasons why Salvadorans migrated to the United States. Mainly focusing on the commercialization of coffee in Central America and the subsequent Salvadoran migration to San Francisco (paragraph 2). • Size of the Salvadoran population in the United States since 1970 (paragraph 3). • Demographics of migrants from El Salvador (paragraph 4). • Locations of Salvadoran communities in the United States (paragraph 5). • Gender influence on the Salvadoran communities in the United States (paragraph 6). • The dangers of migrating to the United States (paragraph 7). • The problems in El Salvador that cause people to emigrate (paragraph 8). • The process of becoming a legal resident in the U.S. (paragraphs 9, 10, 11). • The difficulties Salvadorans face when trying to become legal residents • Explanation of why most Salvadoran immigrants in the U.S. are illegal (paragraph 12). • Job opportunities in the United States for Salvadorans (paragraphs 13,14) • Jobs for men (paragraph 13) • Jobs for women (paragraph 14) • How location impacts job opportunities for Salvadorans (Paragraph 15). • Wages for Salvadoran workers in the United States (Paragraph 16). • Forces causing Salvadorans, especially women, to migrate to the United States. Some come to reunite with family members, while others come alone (Paragraph 17). • Comparison of immigration law for males and females from El Salvador (Paragraph...
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...of Contents Table of Contents Migration Research Objective Introduction: ..................................... Part I Internal and International Migration 1. Linkages between Internal and international Migration 2. Characteristics of Migrants 3. Causes of Migration 4. Phases of migration Part II Temporary and Permanent Migration 1. Distribution of Egyptian migrants according to skill level 2. Distribution of Egyptian migrants according to Destination 3. Economic Effect of Migration 4. Impact of Migration 4.a. on the Labor Supply of Adults Left Behind 4.b. and remittances on household poverty 5. Remittances at micro-level 6. Remittances at macro-level 7. Remittances and Development 8. Volume of Remittances 9. Impact of remittances on poverty alleviation 10. Brain Drain/Gain (causes, effects and solutions) 11. Egyptian Migration To Arab Countries Part III Legal and Illegal Migration 1. Definition 2. Dimensions 3. Causes 4. Dangers 5. Methods 6. Legal and political status 7. Migration Stages 8. The gangs of illegal migration contrive new behaviors….. 9. Egypt youth migration ……….. Ideal cases Objective The whole theme of this paper is to vivid the magnitude of migration, to profile the workers who migrate, to identify the types of migration and to determine the extent to which migration affects the rate of poverty and...
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