...Science Form 1 note GOOD LUCK Teacher zaidi@maher2010 CHAPTER 4 : THE 4.1 1. 2. 3. Air 1. 2. 3. 4. VARIETY OF RESOURCES ON EARTH THE DIFFERENT RESOURCES ON EARTH Human beings, animals and plants need food, water, air and shelter in order to survive. The Earth has the resources needed to sustain life. The resources are air, water, soil, minerals, fossil fuels and living things. Air is needed by all living things to survive. The atmosphere is a layer of air that envelops the Earth. Air is a mixture of gases. Air contains gases such as oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are two very important gases that support life on Earth. a. Oxygen i. Used for respiration by living things ii. Used in combustion of materials iii. Used in industries iv. Released during photosynthesis. b. Carbon dioxide i. Used by green plants to carry out photosynthesis ii. Used in fire extinguishers iii. Released during respiration and combustion. Water covers a total of about three quarters of the Earth. The sources of water are oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, rainfall and ground water. Importance of water a. To animals/human i. It provides a medium for chemical process and body metabolism ii. It is the main component of the blood iii. It transports nutrient to all cell in the body iv. It caries excretory products to the kidneys for excretion. v. It helps to control the body temperature. b. To plants i. It helps to maintain the turgidity of plant cells. ii. It is used...
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...enough to achieve over people, let alone trying to control the physical environment (Thomas 2007, p.7). Another fundamental issue for policy-makers is the direction of the policy. In particular they have to consider whether they are attempting to prevent environmental impacts that result from human action, or whether they are attempting to adapt to such changes, consciously or unconsciously (Thomas 2007, p.8). Natural Resources Natural resources have been critical for human welfare since people first started to walk the earth several million years ago (Field 2005 p.27). Natural resource economics is the study of how the flow of goods and services derived from natural resources is, and should be, managed in today’s world (Field 2005 p.37). Field continues to state that resource management problems derive from the underlying technological, institutional and cultural factors that characterise the economy (2005, p.37). Given the information concerning environmental policy and the importance of natural resources to human welfare and, the fact that our natural resources are under threat not just for today’s generation but for future generations. This paper will now discuss one of the essential elements of life...
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...environmental movement Silent Spring, written by Rachel carson, a marine biologists, brought about the idea of harmfull pesticided to the public. She initiated environmental awareness which started the modern environmental movment. DDT was banned also. -know what the Environmentalist's Paradox is Over the past 40 years, human well-being has improved, BUT, Natural Ecosystems that provide us with goods and services have declined. -what types of environmental degradation were citizen becoming aware of in the 1950s Citizens were becoming aware of air and water pollution in the 50’s. Also the loss of soil was a concern in the 50’s. -what impact did the Great Depression have on conservation Durring the great depression, conservation provided environmental protection jobs. The CCC was created. Surring the great depression, factories were created creating pollutiin. -what are some improvements to human well being Increased life expectancy and better health. The production of crops has improved and improves nutrition for many people. -what environmental improvements have occurred -purpose and importance of EPA The EPA passed laws controlling pollution and protecting wildlife. -important individuals – Carson, Kennedy, Nixon...
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...According to Chief Seattle, an Indian who lived in the western part of North America in the 1800s, “Man does not weave this web of life. He is merely a strand of it. Whatever he does to the web, he does to himself.” This statement illustrates the importance of taking care of the earth, not merely to avoid global warming, but to preserve the natural balance of the planet. Some of the most pressing problems are the destruction of natural habitats, the depletion of natural resources, and the polluting of rivers, lakes, and oceans. One idea now debated is whether or not the government should require communities to participate in recycling programs. Although some argue that individual communities are free to choose if they take part, many people believe that due to the interconnectedness of the planet, governments have an obligation to encourage and require communities to participate in the recycling effort. Some overly optimistic people contend that natural resources are for the most part replaceable, such as trees, or too abundant to worry about, such as oil. However, the fact is that currently trees are being cut down faster than it is possible to repopulate the forests. Furthermore, water is a finite resource that is polluted from oil refining and the creation of many modern products, for example plastic. In fact water shortages and water pollution are both problems affecting most every country around the world. Certainly, without clean, fresh water, life would not be possible...
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...strategical and problematic for states. Raw materials are essential for the efficient functioning of world economy:they are the first component used to manufacture or to produce goods, so it remains even more important in our society because of globalization. Some surveys prove that needs in raw materials leads to interdependency between states. This report is here to highlight the importance of raw material and the geostrategic problems that it creates. Do we have enough quantity of raw material, in partiular carbons, to satisfy a growing worldwide consumption in energy? How do raw materials have an impact on geostrategy? To find answers to theses questions, I will first discuss about raw materials, specifically carbon energy, their importance and their “fate”, and then highlight the worldwide competition for natural resources. I. Our dependecy to Raw Material All our natural resources, except 2 of them, oil and natural gas, are doomed to exhaustion. Why? In june 2010, the European Commision releases a report on the “critical raw material” and their proven reserves worldwide. A critical raw material is a resource subject to a higher risk of interuption. Basically they are many risks factors: low political stability (Sub-Saharian African countries), lack of investment, local Pépin Loïc – ICC 3ème Bachelor CE2 conflicts or international disputes. Here, it's the list of “critical raw materials” and their proven reserves: Graphite (China), Cobalt (Diplomatic Republic of Congo), Tungsten...
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...Situation Analysis – 1-1 Situation Analysis – An Approach and Method for Analyzing the Context of Projects and Programme j:\cc69\nmm\website docs\situation analysis\situation analysis approach and method.doc Global M&E Initiative 1-2 An Approach and Method for Analyzing the Context of Projects and Programme Notes: j:\cc69\nmm\website docs\situation analysis\situation analysis approach and method.doc Global M&E Initiative An Approach and Method for Analyzing the Context of Projects and Programme 1-3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. THE RATIONALE FOR SITUATION ANALYSIS IN IUCN ............................................ 5 2. THE BASIC STEPS INVOLVED IN SITUATION ANALYSIS ......................................... 6 3. GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR GOOD PRACTICE............................................................. 7 PARTICIPATORY ........................................................................................................................... 7 OUTWARD LOOKING..................................................................................................................... 7 LEARNING FROM OTHERS ............................................................................................................. 7 USING THE FRAMEWORK OF PEOPLE AND ECOSYSTEMS ................................................................ 7 DATA BASED NOT ANECDOTAL..................................................................................................... 7...
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...component of the 3R concepts that are "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle “A. The recycling symbol is recognized symbol used to designate recyclable materials internationally. It is composed of three chasing arrows that form an unending loop. Importance of recycling Recycling is essential to both to human beings and its surrounding environment. Some facts about how rubbish that we produce is constantly increasing: I. Population is being increased and that means there are more people to create waste. ii. The wealth is being increased and that means people are buying more and more products and creating more waste ultimately. iii. Lifestyle is being changed, such as consuming more fast food nowadays, and that means we create additional waste that is non-biodegradable. Iv. Developing of new technological products and new packaging are being created, most of the materials in these products that are non-biodegradable. Importance to people Around the world, recycling is important to cities and to the people living here and there in these cities. i. Generally preserving natural resources is essential for the future generations. The need for more raw materials is reduced by recycling; it also minimizes the use of energy, hence its better preserving natural resources for the future. ii. Financial expenditure is being reduced in the economy. The products made from the raw materials costs much more than if they were made from recycling products. Environmental...
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...early evolution of the conservation movement began through both public and private recognition of the relationship between man and nature often reflected in the great literary and artistic works of the 19th century.[1] Artists, such as Albert Bierstadt, painted powerful landscapes of the American West during the mid 19th century, which were incredibly popular ages representative of the unique natural wonders of the American frontier.[2] Likewise, in 1860, Frederic Edwin Church painted "Twilight in the Wilderness", which was an artistic masterpiece of the era that explored the growing importance of the American wilderness.[2] Many American writers also romanticized and focused upon nature as a subject matter. However, the most notable literary figure upon the early conservation movement proved to be Henry David Thoreau. Throughout his work, Walden, Thoreau detailed his experiences at the natural setting of Walden Pond and his deep appreciation for nature. In one instance, he described a deep grief for a tree that was cut down. Thoreau went on to bemoan the lack of reverence for the natural world: "I would that our farmers when they cut down a forest felt some of that awe which the old Romans did when they came to thin, or let in the light to, a consecrated grove".[3] As he states in Walden, Thoreau "was interested in the preservation" of nature.[3] In 1860, Henry David Thoreau delivered a speech to the Middlesex Agricultural Society in Massachusetts; the speech, entitled "The...
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...in modern society especially when big businesses take natural resources from the earth to keep up with demands and dispose of waste which in turn damages the environment in the process. As societies grow so does the demand for natural resources. Environmental issues that business face include water pollution, air pollution, the use and degradation of natural resources, and global warming. All these factors have pressured businesses to adopt and abide by good social ethical behavior and develop alternative resources without endangering the welfare of the society. Environmental Issues Faced by Business and Society Is it wrong to intrude into ecosystems and harm living organisms? That seems doubtful given how unrealistic it is. It’s almost impossible to do no harm to ecosystems in business because we need the earth’s resources to conduct business and sell products, and many companies have no choice but to dispose of waste and pollute one way or another. Businesses have traditionally shown no regard towards the environment and the societies in which it operated. Environmental protection was rarely seen as an issue and people thought that the world’s resources could be taken without end and without any harm done. Pollution could damage the environment, but the damage done was considered to be insignificant because the world was seen as such a large place. Resources aren’t unlimited and people and animals are harmed from...
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...Artwork about Environmental Education Essay: Importance of Environmental Education There are many challenges faced by our government and ourselves in protecting our environment. Such challenges are caused by lack of discipline, greediness etc. The challenges that we are facing today to protect our natural resources are illegal loggers, deforestation projects, irresponsible disposal of wastes, careless use of products from natural resources, and other over produced products from natural resources. Hopefully if we will be able to stop this challenges we could be able to help preserve our environment. For me as a youth of this community, the importance of environmental education is that you will be able to learn about the things that can happen in an environment. You will learn about the cause and effect of such things in the environment when such people do certain activities. Also through environmental education, we will be able to know the importance of our environment. This will show how humans manage their behaviour and interaction with our environment. As a normal citizen of our country I could help protecting our environment in my own simple ways like : proper segregation of garbages, recycling things, help in community services, using paper instead of plastics for containers, and lastly by conserving energy. With proper disposal of garbage we can minimize the volume of wastes in our community thus helps us prevent air and water pollution. If we recycle things we...
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...both living and the dead, including natural forces that come into place. All these factors provide conditions for development and growth of an economy whereas on the other hand security refers is a set of customs and rules that govern a society. Therefore environmental security simply means how our surrounding is being protected to avoid damage and depletion of the resources. Many of the natural resources include water, land, air, soil, energy, minerals and all those that are in the resources. Environmental security entails the basic protection of the most important resources that we have e.g. the ecosystem service and have a complete assurance that there will be a constant supply of the resource in the near future without depletion. The human society and its natural surrounding is being threatened by the new global pressures that have been posing challenges on degradation an depletion of the natural resources. The global pressures may include competition to access of water, land, minerals and other fundamental resources, increase in the population of various countries thus posing pressure in land, there has been an increase in the demand for energy due to increased number of people thus having many industries for provision of employment and manufacture of food. Thus our vital resources face danger of depletion and damage if no proper regulations and rules are not set to allow these resources to be protected. Demand for natural resource will increase by the year 2050 mostly...
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...CONFLICT RESOLUTION TOPIC: RESOURCE USE, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND OUR COLLECTIVE FUTURE WRITTEN BY NSEK, UDUAK OKON REG. NO: 13/PG/AR/HS/006 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF UYO SUBMITTED TO DR. DOMINIC AKPAN LECTURER IN CHARGE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND INTERNATIOANL STUDIES FACULTY OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF UYO MARCH, 2015 Abstract Resource use can be defined as the derivation of benefit from that resource in economic or financial, social or cultural, political and ecological respects. Human actions or resource use have altered global environment and reduced biodiversity by causing extinctions and reducing the population sizes of surviving species. Increasing human population size and per capita resource use will continue to have direct and indirect consequences such as distorted values of plant and animal resources, inappropriate resource tenure and ownership structure as well as lack of knowledge on resource management and biodiversity conservation. Inevitably, our collective future becomes bleak as future generations will inhabit a planet with significantly less wildlife, diminished ecosystem services and an increased impoverished people. Keywords: Resource, Biodiversity, future Introduction The most significant environmental issue in the contemporary world has been resource use and biodiversity conservation. This is not unusual because humans benefit directly or indirectly from resources and its biodiversity. In the...
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...number of noted scientists and political ambassadors who stress the importance of universal awareness and a positive environmental recovery. The title of the film; “The 11th Hour” serves as a warning sign and statement that we do not have much time remaining so we must act now in order to create a sustainable future. The film documents the crucial problems facing our planet’s life systems, including the many health consequences, while expressing the opinion that the future of humanity is in jeopardy. Experts, who speak from their areas of knowledge, provide insight about how the human population is despoiling earth itself and its natural resources. Potential solutions, using technology, social, and discussion group tactics, highlight the need for restorative action that would reshape and rethink different global human activities before it is too late. Although the film explores a number of reasons for the environmental degradation of our planet, the depletion of Earth’s natural resources caused by deforestation, destruction of ecosystems, fossil fuels released into the atmosphere, and population growth will be discussed. The human impact on the environment began with the industrial and agricultural revolution in the 18th and 19th century. The processes and practices introduced at the time indicated a belief that the Earth had a limitless capacity for growth and expansion, and nature was viewed as a resource to be exploited. In summary, scientific evidence and expertise points...
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...LIVING COASTAL RESOURCES OF THE ASEAN REGIONAND DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR THEIR MANAGEMENT SIGNIFICANCE OF LIVING COASTAL RESOURCES Living coastal resources are found within major coastal ecosystems consisting of coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds, benthic systems, and estuaries or lagoons. Coastal ecosystems, particularly estuaries and inshore marine waters have the highest rate of primary production as compared to terrestrial and oceanic regions. Daily gross production rate in terms of grams of dry organic matter per square metre area for the narrow coastal band ranges from 10 to 25, with all other regions having substantially lower values (2). The coastal band conveniently thought of as the transition area between land and sea, holdsthis great diversity of ecosystems, each characterized by its own unique ecological feature. Conditions here may be harsh with wide fluctuations in temperature and salinity, but because of the abundance of food supply, these areas can and do support a high diversity of species which have become efficiently adapted to the widely fluctuating environmental conditions. These ecosystems remain productive because of tidal action which circulates food and nutrients rapidly and efficiently and at the same time washes away waste materials. They also serve as efficient nutrient traps of the continuous nutrient input washed down from land. Within these ecosystems, the autotrophic and heterotrophic layers are maintained in close contact so that energy transfer...
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...challenges. And the challenges will have the important influence on the survival and the development of Royal Dutch Shell. Consequently, Royal Dutch Shell will take the corresponding measures to meet the challenges in order to stand in an impregnable position in the competitive market. The article will make a thorough inquiry in detail. The first section is to conduct the challenges in Royal Dutch Shell business environment that are of current strategic importance according to the PESTLE analysis and The Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, and analyze the PESTLE analysis and The Porter’s Five Forces Analysis on the basis of the SWOT matrix. The second section is to make an analysis on the strategies for the challenges that have been identified with the Boston matrix. The third section is to make the recommendations in allusion to the strategic direction that Royal Dutch Shell should take. In the final, a short conclusion will be made. 2 The challenges in Royal Dutch Shell business environment that are of current strategic importance 2.1 The PESTLE analysis for Royal Dutch Shell |Political |Economic...
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