...BSHS 371 Adult and Family Development Final Exam Please copy and paste the exam onto a new document page and write below the question. Each question is worth one point. All answers are from your assigned reading. ( Hint: Remember my clue in class that if you don’t have time to read all of a chapter, read the summaries at the end of the chapter). 1. According to our course text, what are the ages in the three main stages of adult development? Young adulthood: 18 to 35 The middle years: 35 to 40 and up to 62 to 65 Late Life: 65 until you are six feet under. (Write the name of the stage and then the age range, for example……….name of stage…..ages 30-50….). 2. According to our course text, what are the years that are considered the ‘baby boomer” years of birth? ( Half a point) Baby boomers: 1946 to 1964 What are the two characteristics which distinguish the “baby boomers” from previous birth cohorts? (Half a point) Size of their families as there were less children being born than before and life experiences such as women in the work force. 3. According to our course text, what is “empty nest syndrome” (or postparental family) (Half a point) and is it shown by research that mothers have “empty nest syndrome” (Half a point) ? Empty nest syndrome is when the youngest moves away from home. What research has shown is that women in the past that were only mothers, wives...
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...Paul B. Baltes’s Life-Span Developmental Approach 1. Development is lifelong. Development is a lifelong process of change. Each period of the life span is affected by what happened before and will affect what is to come. Each period has unique characteristics and value. No period is more or less important than any other. 2. Development is multidimensional. It occurs along multiple interacting dimensions—biological, psychological, and social—each of which may develop at varying rates. 3. Development is multidirectional. As people gain in one area, they may lose in another, sometimes at the same time. Children grow mostly in one direction—up—both in size and in abilities. Then the balance gradually shifts. Adolescents typically gain in physical abilities, but their facility in learning a new language typically declines. Some abilities, such as vocabulary, often continue to increase throughout most of adulthood; others, such as the ability to solve unfamiliar problems, may diminish; but some new attributes, such as wisdom, may increase with age. People seek to maximize gains by concentrating on doing things they do well and to minimize losses by learning to manage or compensate for them. 4. Relative influences of biology and culture shift over the life span. The process of development is influenced by both biology and culture, but the balance between these influences changes. Biological abilities, such as sensory acuity and muscular strength and coordination, weaken...
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...Movie Family Care Plan Buffy Johnson NUR464 11/25/2012 Karen Jones MS, RN-BC, CNS Movie Family Care Plan This Client is Max Goldman. His age is not addressed in movie, he is a male, widowed, and white. The movie does not address his current health orientation. The family Genogram are deceased wife, living only son. The developmental stage this character is: Late Adulthood: 55 or 65 to Death Ego Development Outcome: Integrity vs. Despair Basic Strengths: Wisdom.( Erik Erikson's Developmental Stages, 1902-1994.) The family is distant at this time in life. The son is getting married and the father is trying to help plan his son’s first wedding. The father is independent and able to care for himself. His value’s are not addressed in the movie. His communication style is loud. The power structure is not addressed. The family function, the son is aable to talk to the father but will not tell him “No”. His best friend is the neighbor. His social placement is limited by only have one close friend. The reproductive function is not addressed. This characters coping function is to yell and go fishing. The economic class of the character is middle class. The medical insurance is not addressed. No physical provisions needed. The personal family physical characteristics are: the character resides at home by himself. He is able to care for himself. Privacy is not limited. No safety hazards addressed. The character lives in a older neighborhood and community...
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...intellectual humility, intellectual integrity, and fair mindedness. What does Critical thinking mean to me? To me it means to open up your mind. Also, thinking carefully about what to do or what to believe. I learned that a critical thinker has an attitude to find...
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...Psychodynamic Counseling Lec 2: * Psychodynamic therapy (insight-oriented therapy) focuses unconscious processes in behavior * Goal is client’s self awareness and understanding influence of the past on the present * 4 schools of psychoanalytic theory * Freudian (Sigmund Freud) * Sexual and aggressive energies in the ID (unconscious) are controlled by Ego (bridge between ID and Reality) * Ego Psychology * Enhancing ego functions according to demands of reality * Object relations (Winnicott) * Human beings are shaped in relation to significant others * Struggle is to maintain relations with others while differentiating ourselves from them * Self Psychology (Heinz Kohut) * Self refers to perception of experiences * Brief therapy focuses on issue and therapist is active in keeping the discussion controlled Lec 3: Object Relations Theory: * Object: a person * Relations: interpersonal relationships (including past) * Object Relations: inner images of self and other * Holding Environment “Psychic space between mother and infant (between psychological and physical)” * Theory : “failure of mother to provide a holding environment results in false disorder” * Transitional Object “object chosen by the infant or a living object” * Object cannot be imposed by another person * Functions of transitional objects: * Prevention of catastrophic anxiety due to separation ...
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...Running head: Theories of Aging Theories of Aging Nate Aungkuldee Milwaukee School of Engineering –School of Nursing Abstract Gerontological nursing may be viewed as the nursing management for older population. Knowledge of nursing care and competency of caring for elderly become more important as the result of increasing population of old age people in the past decade and expecting in ongoing increasing in the next twenty years. There are many theories of aging that describe and explain aging process and how the individuals respond to changes that occur with aging. By understanding a normal process of aging, the quality of nursing care for this population may be enhanced. The purpose of this paper is to present and explore some of the theories of aging and apply the theory into nursing practice that cooperated with evidence base research studies to implement the plan of care for an older adult. Two main theories of aging: Biological theories and Psychological theories are the focused theories that being discussed in this paper. According to many current resources the aging population in the U.S. is now rapidly growing. There were 4% of people age 65 and older or about 3 million people in 1900 (McGuire & Mefford, 2007). This old age population increased to 36.8 million people in 2005 with the increase of 3.2 million or 9.4% from 1995 (Mauk, 2010). As of today a newborn child is expected to live at least...
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...because he had big shoes to fill, and that being the work of Sigmund Freud, his teacher. 1. Four main ways Erikson extended Freud’s theory According to Engler, B. (2013) the first way in which Erikson extended Freud’s theory is whereby he had improved our understanding of the ego, showing that how the emergence out of the historical, genetic and cultural context of individuals helps the ego become a good problem solver as well. Secondly, he emphasised on Freud’s stages of development making strong social gestures towards it, however there was no clear statement of Erikson’s comments being made towards Freud’s work. Thirdly he extended our understanding of development by creating additional stages, making it the eight stages of psychosocial development placing prominence on stages from an individual’s infancy to old age. And lastly Erikson had discovered the influence of culture, society and history on the developing of personality and demonstrated this in psycho-historical studies of famous people. These four stages also strongly relates to how the broader and more social definition of the ego came about and how in some way Erikson had made it his own work by elaborating on Freud’s views of the ego. 2.1 An enhanced understanding of the...
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...1. Trust vs. mistrust * Basic trust is the sense that others are dependable and will nurture and provide for you, as well as the sense that one is worthy of care, and inherently trustworthy. It is based in good, appropriate, responsive parenting. The baby is busy soaking up the stimulation available- food, sensory stimulation- and actively assimilates these experiences into a picture of self and the world. This is an interactive stage, as the baby tries to explore and get the parent to pay attention. If the world is not responsive to the baby’s needs, s/he develops a sense of mistrust. Some mistrust is useful, as complete naiveté or gullibility puts a person at risk. In a healthy resolution, there is more trust than mistrust however, allowing the person to connect with others and trust them. * The virtue developed is Hope. 2. Autonomy vs. shame, doubt * During the second year of life the toddler develops a sense of autonomy and self control, due in part to toilet training and motor development, walking and climbing. The psychological issue is broader, though, including the concepts of holding on and letting go. Adults that support toddlers’ exploration and protect them from their vulnerability build in a sense of personal control. Those who are over-protected or shamed by their experiences or parents’ discipline develop a sense of doubt in their efforts at independence. Autonomy should prevail in a healthy development, but some shame and doubt enable moral...
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...My grandfather (father’s father) has been married twice. His first wife divorced him 6 months after he got married to her because he was very poor and could not fulfill all of her wishes. They have a daughter from first marriage. He married my grandmother in the same year he got divorced from his first wife in the year 1953. His financial conditions improved after he got a divorce from his first wife. His behavior was very different towards his second wife. He was very controlling of my grandmother. He often used cuss words to address her. This was from the beginning of the marriage. There could be a possibility that he might have developed some kind of hatred towards women because of his first wife leaving him and he took out that hatred on my grandmother. She was however, a very subdued kind of person. She never retaliated to it. I wasn’t there to witness their entire relationship, but from what I have heard, his behavior towards my grandmother did not improve during their entire marriage. My grandmother used to complaint to my grandfather that their daughter in laws misbehaved with her and did not give her the respect that she deserved. However, my aunts deny doing that. The only reason that I can think of her behaving this way is because she wanted to gain sympathy from my grandfather. She wanted his attention and love, which she never received. He died because of Liver cancer. He was firstly diagnosed with jaw cancer and later on with liver cancer. He was an alcoholic and...
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...SUTRA 11 Now we are going to discuss smriti, which basically means memory. The sutra says anubhuta vishaya asampramoshah smritih. Anubhuta is the first wor, and anubhuta is translated as experienced. Experience in Sanskrit is called anubhuti, so anubhuta is called experienced, an experience that you have already experienced. Anu means something that follows or follows upon and bhuta means the element. So anubhuta means that which follows the matter field when consciousness or your personal awareness interacts with the matter field and is the tangible experience. Experience is a result of consciousness interacting with the matter fields, and that is anubhuta. Vishaya is an object of the experience that you have, so in general, they are the five matter fields, but they can also be another pattern of intelligence. One samskara can even have another samskara as its object of experience. Like the drink that I am consuming is a pattern of intelligence, and the personality that’s trying to enjoy it is also a pattern of intelligence. So when you interact with an object, an experience is created out of it. If you dissect everything and look into it, you will find just five matter fields interacting with five matter fields but in reality there are just two different patterns of intelligence interacting with each other, not necessarily just five matter fields. . Asampramoshah means kept inside, not letting go or allowing to escape. That is called smritih, memory. ...
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...”According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, public and private organizations in the United States, on average, lose about seven percent of their annual revenues to fraud” (1). This numbers has continued to grow over the past fifteen years, and with the economic turmoil and increasing fraud, the need to reduce the risk of fraud is now more important than ever. Before we can review the ways to reduce fraud, we first need to define what it actually is. As defined in our textbook, “Fraud, sometimes referred to as the fraudulent act, is an intentional deception, whether by omission or co-mission, that causes its victim to suffer an economic loss and/or the perpetrator to realize a gain”. There are three major categories of fraud. The first, assets misappropriation, is when one who is entrusted to manage the company’s assets steals from it by ways such as theft or misuse. The second is corruption, which involves the unlawful misuse or influence over a transaction to gain a personal benefit that is through unlawful and unethical means. A few examples of corruption would be bribery, embezzlement or intentional disregarding a conflict of interest. The third is financial statement fraud which involves the intentional misrepresentation of financial or non-financial information to intentionally deceive the financial statement users whom relied on such information to make material decisions. A few examples would be an Organization that was overstating revenues, understating...
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...Acting Out: The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by actions rather than reflections or feelings. This definition is broader than the original concept of the acting out of transference feelings or wishes during psychotherapy and is intended to include behavior arising both within and outside the transference relationship. Defensive acting out is not synonymous with “bad behavior” because it requires evidence that the behavior is related to emotional conflicts. Affiliation: The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by turning to others for help or support. This involves sharing problems with others but does not imply trying to make someone else responsible for them. Aim inhibition: Placing a limitation upon instinctual demands; accepting partial or modified fulfillment of desires. Examples: (1) a person is conscious of sexual desire but if finding it frustrating, "decides" that all that is really wanted in the relationship is companionship. (2) a student who originally wanted to be a physician decides to become a physician's assistant. Aim inhibition, like the other mechanisms, is neither healthful nor pathological, desirable nor undesirable, in itself. It may be better to have half a loaf than no bread, but an unnecessary aim inhibition may rob one of otherwise attainable satisfactions. Note that the first example could include...
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...believed that individuals go through eight specific stages of development that help one achieve their ego identity (Hooyman, N. R. & Kiyak, H. A., 2011). In each of these stages, an individual has a major task that is to be accomplished as well as a conflict that requires being resolved. Each of these conflicts is a foundation for the successive stages of this model; therefore, the outcome of the crisis presented infers how the individual will advance to the next stage. Erickson’s concept explained how during development individuals proceed through these various stages as they grow and become more capable of dealing with issues and relate with society overall. The stages of Erikson’s psychosocial model are as follows: Stage I is basic trust vs. mistrust. The goal of this stage is to establish a basic trust of the world via trust of parent(s). Stage II is autonomy vs. shame and doubt. Here the individual is to establish a sense of autonomy and self from the parent and to establish self-control vs. doubt of one’s abilities. Stage III is initiative vs. guilt. Individuals are to establish an initiative within parental limits without feeling guilty about their emotional needs. Industry vs. inferiority is stage IV of Erikson’s model. This stage deals with establishing a sense of industry within the setting of school, learning new skills without feelings of inferiority or fear of failure. Ego identity vs. role diffusion is stage V which refers to the establishment of...
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...Embodiment of a Leader “Where are the voices of leaders who can inspire us to action and make us stand taller?”, a quote from Lee Iacocca, in his book, Where Have All the Leaders Gone? (2007). The quote, for me, depicts the first trait of a true leader –someone who can inspire and motivate those around him to reach ambitious goals through “above the call of duty” efforts. True leaders distinguish themselves from managers in how they inspire others. Managers can achieve results, however, typically with performance goals followed by rewards or consequences for failure to meet them. While performance measurement and a merit system are needed, a leader can motivate people to achieve results without the pressure for individual gain or loss – a leader’s employees want to meet the goals because he/she has created a shared vision. I work for a female executive officer at a bank, and she often has this effect on me – when she “assigns” work, she typically does so methodically, giving work to her direct reports that either challenge them or that they are passionate about. The result is a group of leaders who are impassioned by their individual contributions. Wherein managers delegate through routine and workload management – asking themselves first, which of my employees already has the most work, whose job description is this, who have I not assigned work to lately, and the like. Leaders also possess a high degree of moxie – when I say this, I mean that leaders understand...
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...REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE (FOREIGN) I. Introjection in GESTALT THERAPY In Gestalt therapy the concept of "introjection" is not identical with the psychoanalytical concept. Central to Fritz and Laura Perls' modifications was the concept of "dental or oral aggression", when the infant develops teeth and is able to chew. They set "introjection" against "assimilation". In Ego, Hunger and Aggression Fritz and Laura Perls suggested that when the infant develops teeth, he or she has the capacity to chew, to break apart food, and assimilate it, in contrast to swallowing before; and by analogy to experience, to taste, accept, reject or assimilate. Laura Perls explains: "I think Freud said that development takes place through introjection, but if it remains inrojection and goes no further, then it becomes a block; it becomes identification. Introjection is to a great extent unawares.” Thus Fritz and Laura Perls made "assimilation", as opposed to "introjection", a focal theme in Gestalt therapy and in their work, and the prime means by which growth occurs in therapy. In contrast to the psychoanalytic stance, in which the "patient" introjects the (presumably more healthy) interpretations of the analyst, in Gestalt therapy the client must "taste" with awareness his or her experience, and either accept or reject it, but not introject or "swallow whole". Hence, the emphasis is on avoiding interpretation, and instead encouraging discovery. This is the key point in the divergance...
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