...ORGANISATIONAL BEHAIVOUR 1.1 Organisational Behaviour-It’s nothing more than developing our individual understanding and development of people skill. A multidisciplinary field devoted to understanding individual group behaviour, interpersonal process and organizational dynamics. 1. Organisation 2. Behaviour An organization is a collection of people working together in a division of labour to achieve a common purpose. The study of organizational Behaviour (OB) is very interesting and challenging too. It is related to individuals, group of people working together in terms. The study of organisational behaviour relates to the expected behaviour of an individual in the organisation. No two individuals are likely to behave in the same manner in a particular work situation. It is the predictability of a manager about the expected behaviour of an individual. Organisational Behaviour is concerned with the study of what people do in an organization (social system) and how that behaviour affects the performance of the organization: * Individual Behaviour * Individual and Group Behaviour * Organizational Structure 1.1.1 DEFINITIONS OF ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR: According to Luthans (OB: 2002) OB is directly concerned with the understanding, predicting and controlling of behaviour in organizations. According to Stephen P Robins (1999: 31-43) Organizational Behaviour is a systematic study of the actions and attitudes that people exhibit within organisations According to Roman J.Alday (2006:91)...
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...Leon J van Vuuren Department of Human Resource Management University of Johannesburg Abstract The Modes of Managing Morality (MMM) model provides a heuristic device to assist business ethics scholars and practitioners to make sense of the differences that exist in the ways in which different organisations manage their ethics. Although it is difficult to demonstrate a clear distinction between ethics advice and whistleblowing, these activities are often fused in organisations and the seeking of ethics advice may of necessity sometimes spill over to a need for whistleblowing. The extent and ways organisations are tolerant to and utilise ethics communication in each of these modes were illustrated in this paper. In particular, the varied prominence of whistleblowing and ethics advice facilities in each of the reactive (some whistleblowing), compliance (ethics advice supplementary to whistleblowing) and integrity (whistleblowing supplementary to ethics advice) modes were indicated. The seamless integration of ethics talk and ethics advice in the TAO-mode makes whistleblowing superfluous in this mode. The necessity for leaders and managers to acquire an ethics management competence that would, among others, allow them to actively engage in and encourage ethics talk, was emphasised. Keywords: Ethics, ethics talk, hotlines, help lines, help desk, whistleblowing, Modes of Managing Morality Model, compliance versus integrity, ethics management. ___________________________________________________________ ...
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...APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT Dr.M. Thenmozhi Professor Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600 036 E-mail: mtm@iitm.ac.in APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Empirical Approach Human Behaviour Approach Social System Approach Decision Theory Approach Mathematical Approach Socio-Technical Systems Approach Systems Approach Contingency Approach Operational Approach REASONS & PROBLEMS 1) Semantic problems in management literature. 2) Contributions from different disciplines. 3) Misunderstanding of principles. EMPIRICAL APPROACH • • • – – – – Study of managerial experiences and cases(mgt) Contributors: Earnest Dale, Mooney & Reiley, urwick. Features Study of Managerial Experiences Managerial experience passed from participationer to students for continuity in knowledge management. Study of Successful & failure cases help practicising managers. Theoretical research combined with practical experiences. • – Uses Learning through experience of others • – – Limitations No Contribution for the development of management as a discipline Situations of past not the same as present. HUMAN BEHAVIOUR APPROACH • – – Organisation as people a) Interpersonal Behaviour Approach - Individual Psychology b) Group Behaviour Approach - Organisation Behaviour • – – – – Features Draws heavily from psychology & sociology. Understand human relations. Emphasis on greater productivity through motivation...
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...To begin with,organisational behaviour illustrates the performance of members in the organizations and helps to understand the external environments in order to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the organisations, as well as achieve their own mission(Aswathappa,2009).This essay aims to evaluate the statement that understanding organisational behaviour is important to organisation success. First and foremost, organizational behaviour helps enterprises to utilize the limited resources in their commercial activities such as machinery and land. It also helps employees to develop their skills and potential capacity. For instances, Taylor advocated that division of labour should be used by organisations as it can minimise the costs of production and strengthen the control of labour manually and mentally (Nair,2010). Employees can concentrate on specific task and utilize their strength effectively. Accordingly, it can avoid the overlapping of valuable resource and increase the productivity which is essential to the organisational success. Besides, Fordism indicated that the allocation of work task should be according to the ability of the workers(Brooks,2009).For example, untrained employees should do the simply equipped work. Conversely, skilful and reliable employees should be responsible for the complex task such as marketing and finance. It is feasible to improve the quality of production as they are given appropriate task. On the other hand, the theory of Henri Fayol...
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...Unit number and title | Pearson BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business | Unit 3: Organisations and Behaviour | Student Name | Assessor Name | | Ms. Sonam Mehta | Date issued | Completion date | Submitted on | 7th February 2014 | 17th April 2014 | | | Assignment title | Comparative study of Organisational Behaviour of two chosen organisations | LearningOutcome | Assessment Criteria | In this assessment you will have the opportunity to present evidence that shows you are able to: | Task no. | Evidence(page nos.) | LO1Understand the relationshipbetween organisationalstructure and culture | 1.1 | compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture | 1 | | | 1.2 | explain the relationship between an organisation’s structure and culture can impact on the performance of the business | 1 | | | 1.3 | discuss the factors that affect individual behaviour at work | 2 | | LO2 Understand differentapproaches to managementand leadership | 2.1 | compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organisations | 3 | | | 2.2 | explain how organisational theory underpins the practice of management | 3 | | | 2.3 | evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organisations | 3 | | LO3 Understand ways of usingmotivational theories inorganisations | 3.1 | discuss the impact that different leadership styles may have on motivation in organisations in periods of change | 4 | | | 3.2 | compare the application of different...
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...Managing an organisation at the present time requires much more than practice basic management functions, such as planning, organisation and control. The threats to organisations, coming from clients, competitors and as a result of socio economic changes require high level of human abilities.! The understanding of individual and group behaviour in the work place is what constitutes the field of study of Organisational Behaviour. It particularly investigates questions related to leadership and power, structures, learning, perception, attitude, changes, conflicts and other themes that affect individuals and groups within organisations.! The study of Organisational Behaviour provides powerful tools for managers facing the complexity generated by diversity, globalisation and continuos changes occasioned by the fast alterations in different society segments. ! ! The purpose of Organisational Behaviour studies corresponds to explanation, prediction and control of human behaviour. Explanation refers to the identification of causes or reasons that propelled certain fact, event or phenomenon. It’s considered to be one of the least important factors, as it happens after the fact. Prediction is directed to future events, it can serve to prevent or minimise the impact of certain actions or events. Control presents itself as a controversial objective, it faces ethical difficulties in the way of monitoring behaviour, fundamental component within organisations. Nevertheless, control is highly...
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...Organisational Behaviour Structure and Culture HND in Business Management (Assignment 1) Lecturer- Damir.jovic Eindray Kaung [Type text] Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College Hammersmith Campus Page 1 4/8/2011 Organisational Behaviour Introduction The purpose of this essay is to understand the term of organistion and how it is important in forming a business. Moreover, it also describes the organisational behaviour, which means how people behave in an organisation, and why it involves a major role of within the organisation in general. Furthermore, why organisation is essential for every business and how it can make the company successful in the business area. What is more, it expresses why people need to study organisational behaviour and how it is important to a certain extent for every business. In addition to this factor, it compares and contrasts different organisational structures and cultures which have a great impact on culture as well as performance. This essay concludes by presenting how different types of leadership styles stand in both organisations and their effectivness. Marks & Spencer's background The company of Marks & Spencer is a well-known retail store in the UK with 21million people visiting each week. The profitable UK company, Marks & Spencer, operates over 600 stores in the United Kingdom employing over 75,000 people in the UK and abroad with the support of 2,000 suppliers globally. The largest store is located at Marble Arch...
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...Unit 3: Organisations and Behaviour Learning outcomes Explore organizational structure and culture Examine different approaches to management and leadership and theories of organization Examine the relationship between motivational theories Demonstrate an understanding of working with others, teamwork, groups and group dynamics Assessment criteria 1.1 Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture 1.2 Analyse the relationship between an organisations structure and culture and the effects on business performance 1.3 Analyse the factors which influence individual behavior at work Organisations and Behaviour OB: The study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance in organizations. Value of OB: Helps people attain the competencies needed to become effective employees, team leaders/members, or managers Competency : an interrelated set of abilities, behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge needed by an individual to be effective in most professional and managerial positions Organisation Structures All businesses have to organise what they do A clear structure makes it easier to see which part of the business does what There are many ways to structure a business Types of Organisations Hierarchical Flat Tall Functional Product based Geographically based Matrix Centralisation Decentralisation Hierarchical structure Organisation employees are ranked at various levels within the organisation Each level is one above the other At each stage in the chain, one person has...
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...Nature of Organisational Behaviour The scope for the examination of behaviour in organisations is very wide. There are a multiplicity of interrelated factors which influence the behaviour and performance of people as members of a work organisation. It is important to recognise the role of management as an integrating activity and as the cornerstone of organisational effectiveness. People and organisations need each other. The manager needs to understand the main influences on behaviour in work organisations and the nature of the people–organisation relationship. The learning objectives of this chapter are to: G G G G G G G explain the meaning and nature of organisational behaviour and provide an introduction to a behavioural approach to management; detail main interrelated influences on behaviour in work organisations and explain the nature of behavioural science; explain contrasting perspectives of organisations and different orientations to work; explain the importance of management as an integrating activity; assess the importance and nature of the new psychological contract; recognise the need for an international approach and the importance of culture to the study of organisational behaviour; appreciate the complex nature of the behaviour of people in work organisations. Chapter 2 provides an introduction to the study area, a perspective on the nature of organisational behaviour and the importance of the role of management in work organisations. This chapter highlights...
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...Unit 3: Organisations and Behaviour Learning outcomes Explore organizational structure and culture Examine different approaches to management and leadership and theories of organization Examine the relationship between motivational theories Demonstrate an understanding of working with others, teamwork, groups and group dynamics Assessment criteria 1.1 Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture 1.2 Analyse the relationship between an organisations structure and culture and the effects on business performance 1.3 Analyse the factors which influence individual behavior at work Organisations and Behaviour OB: The study of human behavior, attitudes, and performance in organizations. Value of OB: Helps people attain the competencies needed to become effective employees, team leaders/members, or managers Competency : an interrelated set of abilities, behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge needed by an individual to be effective in most professional and managerial positions Organisation Structures All businesses have to organise what they do A clear structure makes it easier to see which part of the business does what There are many ways to structure a business Types of Organisations Hierarchical Flat Tall Functional Product based Geographically based Matrix Centralisation Decentralisation Hierarchical structure Organisation employees are ranked at various levels within the organisation Each level is one above the other At each stage in the chain, one person has...
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...Essay The purpose of this essay is to critically evaluate the statement “Mechanistic and bureaucratic organisations will probably struggle to encourage organisational learning”. I will approach this statement by highlighting my main argument then providing four key points which will reinforce said statement. I understand of this question that encouraged to be defined as “To give support” in the sense of designing policies to encourage organisational learning. With this in mind main argument for this statement is mechanistic organisations wouldn’t struggle to encourage organisational learning however scope for learning will be limited due to employee behaviours and management styles and in order to enable full capacity within organisation learning a shit would be required away from the mechanist approach. First of all I believe it would be simple for burecratic organisations to encourage organisational learning due to the Strict hierarchy, rules and regulations and power in position slides which exists combined with employee’s to have strong compliance to manager commands, processes and rulers and regulations (Max Weber). I believe if managers were to enforce forms of organisational learning such as group work, single and double loop learning (Agyris & Schon, 1978), Kolbs learning cycle (Kolb, 1984) employees would follow procedures due to the high controlling authairitive relationship which exists between employees and managers. An example of this would be when working...
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...How and why might organisations adopt a behavioural safety approach Peter Webb, HSEQ Manager, Basell Polyolefins UK Ltd., Carrington Site, Manchester, M31 4AJ, England. October 2003. Introduction It is widely accepted that within the broader scope of human factors, specifically human behaviour at all levels within an organisation influences the effectiveness with which risks are controlled. Behavioural safety approaches aim to promote behaviours which are critical to health and safety. This essay outlines why a behavioural safety approach might be adopted. Behavioural safety programmes vary significantly in their success. Some fail altogether. An overview is given of how to adopt such a programme. Some key barriers and enablers which have been shown to affect the outcome are highlighted. This essay will not go into detail about what behavioural safety is, except insofar as it is necessary to explain the “why” and the “how”. Why Organisations Might Adopt a Behavioural Safety Approach Safety performance in many organisations has tended to reach a plateau. This follows significant improvements which were achieved initially through technological approaches (better understanding of physical hazards, inherently safe design etc.), and subsequently systems approaches (implementation of HSE management systems, quality systems etc.). The term organisation was defined by W. J. Duncan as “a collection of interacting and interdependent individuals who work toward...
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...Organisation and behaviour Organisational Structure:It is the group of activities which are done to achieve the organisational goals and aims.Such like source usage,conversations styles,co operations between the groups and teams. Many structures may be in an organisation according to their goals and achievements.An organisational structure works in an organisation in two ways.First,it provides the leading ways to achieve the goals and second it fixes the individuals who can share and participate in the process of organisational decision making and actions after that. TYPES OF STRUCTURE IN AN ORGANISATION There are three type of organisation structure which are commonly used recently. Functional Structure: It is the structure in an organisation which is established according to the departments in an organisation.it is always slow moving structure due to the lack of communication between the staff and team working.There is a central department in the functional structure and all other departments have to report that central department.Effiencies of the functional structure are measured according to the staff sale performance that should be at low cost. Divisional Structure:This structure is also called the product structure.This structure is cattegorised according to products made in the organisation.All the divisions in the divisional structure perform their duties according the products and facilities provided to them in the division.For example there can be...
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...between organisational structure and culture..........................................4 1.3. Factors influencing individual behaviour at work........................................................5 2.1. Organisation theory and management practice.............................................................6 2.2. Different approaches to management used by Peacocks and Primark..........................6 3.1. Leadership styles and their effectiveness......................................................................7 3.2. Application of different motivational theories in workplace........................................8 3.3. Relationship between motivation theory and the practice of management..................10 4.1. Nature of groups and group behaviour.........................................................................11 4.2. Factors lead to effective teamwork and threaten the success......................................12 4.3. The impact of technology on team functioning............................................................13 References...........................................................................................................................14 Introduction: Organisation behaviour refers to the study and of knowledge related to people, individuals, and groups of people working together within the organisation for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organisational effectiveness....
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...Division of Business | Course: HND Level 5 Business (management) | Year: 2015/16 | Student Name: | UNIT 03: Organisations and Behavior | Lecturers Name: Dr O. Shittu | Date Issued: 25th of April 2016 | Completion Date: 20th of July 2016 | Fail Pass Merit Distinction P11.1 | P21.2 | P31.3 | P41.4 | P52.1 | P62.2 | P72.3 | P82.4 | P93.1 | P103.2 | P113.3 | P123.4 | P134.1 | P144.2 | P154.3 | P164.4 | M1 | M2 | M3 | D1 | D2 | D3 | | Learning Outcomes: 1 Understand the relationship between organisational structure and culture 2 Understand different approaches to management and leadership 3 Understand ways of using motivational theories in organisations 4 Understand mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organisations. Comments:Assessor’s Signature:______________ Referred Date:______________ | Late: Yes No | Internal Verification: Yes No | I declare that the work I am submitting for assessment contains no sections in copied in whole or part from any other source, unless it is explicitly identified by means of quotation mark or by means of wholly indented paragraphs. I declare that I have also acknowledged such quotations by providing detailed references in an approved format. I understand that unidentified and un-referenced copying both constitutes plagiarism which is an offence. I give my consent for my work...
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