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Mit Topic Sentences

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Topic Sentences: Fact Sheet and Examples
[A student sent me this explanation he found on the internet. Other students have told me the explanation was useful. My comments are in red.]

A topic sentence "brings to the paragraph not only order but also unity," and it "announces the topic and an attitude toward it" (Hall 198). As Rise B. Axelrod notes, [My favorite definition:] "A topic sentence lets readers know the focus of a paragraph in simple and direct terms" (406). Sometimes we say that the topic sentence embodies the paragraph's organizing idea or its controlling idea.
A topic sentence performs at least some of the following functions: 1. Announces the topic: "A polar bear walks in a way all its own." - Barry Lopez [This is the most common function for a topic sentence. In WA 2, look for the sentence that states the topic of most or all of the other sentences in the paragraph.] 2. Makes a transition from the previous paragraph: "Like sensations, ideas are neither true nor false." - Mortimer J. Adler [A more sophisticated topic sentence summarizes the topic of the last paragraph and announce the topic of the current one, which “connects” the two ideas in the reader’s mind.] 3. Asks and answers a rhetorical question: "What about motion that is too slow to be seen by the human eye? That problem has been solved by the use of the time-lapse camera." - James C. Rettie [The “ask-answer” topic sentences is effectively draws in the reader, but use it sparingly. A little goes a long way.] 4. Forecasts sub-topics to be dealt within the paragraph or in a whole section of paragraphs: "Oppressed groups are denied education, economic independence, the power of office, representation, an image of dignity and self-respect, equality of status, and recognition as human beings." - Kate Millett [The “forecasts sub-topics”

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