...and working hard. Individual, would rather do it alone and in their own way. 21. E 22. B 23. G 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. F Key Terms: Achievement Motive Theory - Attempts to explain and predict behavior and performance based on a person's need for achievement, power, and affiliation. Agreeableness Personality Dimension - Includes traits of sociability and emotional intelligence Adjustment Personality Dimension - Includes traits of emotional stability and self confidence Attitudes - Are positive or negative feelings about people, places, issues Big Five Model of Personality- categorizes traits into the dimensions of surgency, agreeableness, adjustments, conscientiousness, and open to experience. Conscientiousness Personality Dimension - includes traits of dependability and integrity Ethics - are the standards of right and wrong that influence behavior Leader Motive Profile - Attempts to explain and predict leadership success based on a person's need for achievement, power, and affiliation Moral Justification - thinking process of rationalizing why unethical behavior is used Openness to Experience Personality Dimension - includes traits of flexibility, intelligence, and locus of control Personality - is a combination of traits that classifies an individual's behavior...
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...ethics that have to be followed by the management, workers and other stakeholders of the company. Ethical behavior in the workplace make it a perfect place for the people working there without any discrimination and this ethical behavior is the main cause of the successful running of the businesses in all parts of the world. In the workplace the ethics includes the integrity, team work, sense of responsibility, commitment, behavior etc that are considered essential for the work. The ethics no doubt is the crucial part of the workplace but at the same time the business corporations facing various kinds of the ethical issues like the harassment of different kinds, frauds, lack of commitment and sense of responsibility, discrimination and many other forms of the unethical behavior seen in the work place in the modern time. The current case is also linked to the unethical behaviors that need to be fixed on time to save the company from the huge financial expenses. The unethical behaviors that are identified in the current scenario are the financial frauds, lack of sense of responsibility and discrimination that results in a lot of expenses from the very trusted employee of the company. This study is divided into three parts. The first part included the unethical behaviors seen in the company due to a very trusted worker along with the consequences of the unethical behavior at the corporation. The second part discusses the different options that are available to the Sue Davenport...
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...accountant. To start with, accountant is actually a third party job working with clients and their private information. This information includes personal bank account number, social security number, and other information about their personal properties. Who would give all these sensitive data are to someone they don’t trust? Citizens will suffer if people who want to harm them get their private information. What’s worse, organization may face unfair competition due to the leak of company core data. Clients would like to trust the accountant who has high ethical standard to whom that has cheated on clients and abused their information. So it is essential for accountants to be ethical and earn trusts from the clients. In the second place, unethical behaviors in organizations’ managerial and financial operations are also dangerous. “Accounting is the mechanism that offers information regarding the financial position...
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...Chapter 4: Ethical and Social Responsibility in Marketing Annual losses from theft of intellectual property: • Music industry…$12.5 billion • Movie industry…$18.2 billion • Software…$53.0 billion Losses from peer-to-peer downloading is perceived to be unethical by the majority of the US public, but only by one third of college students. Societal Values and Attitudes: • Are relative • Affect ethical and legal relationships It is not uncommon for a person to adapt their behavior and ethics to the group where they spend their time, and to change it from group to group. Ethics of Exchange The exchange process is central to the marketing concept. Ethical exchanges between sellers and buyers should result in both parties being better off after a transaction. Societal culture provides a foundation for understanding moral behavior in business activities. Business cultures “comprise the effective rules of the game, the boundaries between competitive and unethical behavior, [and] the codes of conduct in business dealings.” Before the 1960s, the legal concept of caveat emptor, let the buyer beware—was pervasive in the American business culture. In 1962, President John F. Kennedy outlined a Consumer Bill of Rights that codified the ethics of exchange between buyers and sellers. These were the right: (1) to safety: The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission routinely monitors the safety of 15,000 consumer products. However...
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...Ethical Behavior and Morality in Organizations begin with “The Tone at the Top” Executive Summary Unethical behavior in organizations creates many intractable problems which climax in fraudulent acts. When behavior in an organization is not ethical regulations are broken, and the likelihood of legal suits increase. Fraud in Enron and Adelphia in the early 2000s led to big bankruptcy filings resulting in huge losses in investments. Employees also lost jobs as well as significant portions of their retirement savings. Most of the fraud in these companies were committed or influenced by senior management. Executives did not demonstrate ethical leadership by sounding ethical tones at the top. The “tone at the top” has a trickle down on employees. If top management is comprised of ethical leaders, the employees are likely to behave ethically. Such leaders lead by example, and one important way to cultivate an ethical organization is to have an organizational code of ethics that is followed by all. However, these codes can only be as good as those who are responsible to enforce them. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has placed high importance in codes of ethics. In spite of the aforementioned disadvantage that is hinged on the values of unethical leaders, codes of ethics are good internal controls. Leaders can act morally and avoid unethical behavior if they also avoid setting unrealistic goals. If daunting goals are set for employees, they are likely to commit fraud...
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...Chapter 01 – What is Organizational Behavior Behaving Ethically Most organizations stress the importance of ethics in their environment. What interests me is, where do we draw the line between ethical and unethical behavior. If a working environment is not motivating for a person, he would have no issues with calling in sick or being absent. He would even have no problems with throwing his tasks to his colleagues and later on taking on all credit for something he has not done. No one would think this attitude is unethical as long as he gets a break and the task is being completed. A student who has not studied for the finals will resort to cheating during the exams and not have a second thought about ethics. The reason is because ethical behavior is not being properly stressed at organizations and mostly everyone cares about making money regardless of the way they do it. Making money is not wrong, but the topic of debate is, is it unethical to bend the rules a little bit to achieve one’s momentarily happiness. Helping Employees with Work-Life Balance We are often being told to separate work life from our personal life. But is this really possible? Can you achieve your career goal if you do this? I believe the answer is no. The more effort you put in your work, the more successful you become. Until one day you realize you don’t even have a personal life anymore and the only people you have real relation with are your colleagues. Not many organizations are being considerate...
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...name] | Creating an Ethical Organization | | Business Ethics | Saurabh | How to Create an Ethical Workplace? Ethics in the workplace are vital, even to small business owners. No company wants to be known as unethical, and employees are more apt to display higher morale and more productivity when they know they are working for a morally sound company. It is important to create a conscientious workplace that is transparent, both to employees as well as the general public. Small business owners should never tolerate inappropriate behavior in an employee and employees should be properly trained on what is considered unethical and ethical. * Set an example for your workforce. In order for employees to behave in an ethical manner, they need to know that they are working for a moral boss. They will be much less likely to display signs of unethical behavior if they know that this type of behavior will not be tolerated or ignored. * Create a policy dealing with ethics. This company policy should state your expectations for your employees as well as outline what is and is not considered acceptable. Having a clearly written policy will help you take action should an employee act unethically. * Allow employees to report unethical behavior in a safe environment. No one enjoys ratting out a fellow employee, particularly if it will be made known who turned the person in. Give your employees a safe and anonymous way to air their complaints so that you can investigate...
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...observing customer will attribute more (vs. less) blame to the company if the customer involved in the undesirable incident is personally similar (vs. not similar) to him/her. These attributions, in turn, will influence the observing customers to form a negative evaluation on service quality of the company. More importantly, a prevention-focused tendency will intensify the negative impact of personal similarity on service evaluation. Results from two experiments confirmed the hypotheses. Designing, Administering, and Utilizing an Employee Attitude Survey Abstract Employee attitudes and the inclusion of their opinions and suggestions are most important in today’s global and competitive work environment. In the American businessenvironment, we are dealing with many different generations, each having diverse wants, needs,goals, and aspirations. The more that management knows about their employee’s feelings, theeasier it is to manage their behavior to help them grow and the economy will prosper. Logic andresearch seems to agree that front- line employees are in the best position to assess theorganization’s actions, problems, and proposed solutions.This paper presents a very practical approach to design, administer, conduct respondentfeedback of results, and assist local management in helping to resolve issues and problemsidentified within a department or unit in most organizations based on a real world example. Keywords:...
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...Discuss how personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics. Organizational ethics are the written and unwritten rules, principles, and values held by the organization which help determine the standard of conduct and obligations of the employees within the company. These organizational ethics help govern the decisions made by employees every day in regards to what is right and wrong. Organizational culture binds the employees of the organization together through shared values, behaviors, and shared ideals. The organization’s culture also sets the standard for determining acceptable and unacceptable behavior and decision making within the organization. Furthermore, the organizational culture should reflect the shared and learned values, beliefs, and attitudes of its members. Everyone has their own personal difference and beliefs about what is considered right and wrong ethical behaviors which is due to the fact that everyone has a different background which impacted their ethical views and beliefs. There are plenty of factors that contribute to the development of personal ethics. These factors include family influences, religious beliefs, culture, personal experiences, and internal emotions or feelings. Family normally is the first to instill the sense of what is right and wrong into a child. Also the way parents and family members behave has a strong impact on as well because children easily absorbs the actions of the ones closest to them which...
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...Police Corruption has been around since the beginning of its existence, though there has been a drastic reduction over the years; corruption continues to be a problem. There are many different forms to define police corruption because there are different types and different levels. Police corruption may be defined as unethical behaviors, unreasonable acts, and unnecessary force. Unethical behaviors are caused when an officer does not desire his or her position. The officer as well may show unethical behaviors when he or she did not receive enough training. Police corruption is an act or when an officer has involvement of misusing authority or gains a self-benefit. Such benefits may include benefits as profits through illegal acts. Those acts include of drugs, robberies, false imprisonment, and planting evidence (). The acts of an officer taking advantage of his or her authority may include excessive force when the force is not necessary such as beating of arrestees. There are a few major types and levels of corruptions involving gratuities, bribes, and internal corruption. These types of corruption vary on the seriousness of the acts. Gratuities, for example may be a level of rotten apples, do not harm anyone; it allows police officers to receive free meals or discounts to certain locations. Rotten apples are the lease serious levels of corruption; when a few individual officers are engaged in a situation. Many individuals believe that police gratuities are a form of corruption...
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...Ethical Culture Project PART 1: Enron displayed all four cultural dimensions which are: high-risk taking, outcome orientation, aggressiveness, and low/no people orientation as a company. Kenny Lay, who was the CEO and Chairman from 1985-2002, displayed high-risk taking during the Vahalla scandal. He had two oil traders, Louis Borget and Tom Mastroeni that would make bets for Enron on whether the price of oil would rise or fall. This is a risky market because you can lose ten times your original investment, and it was hard to make the amount of money legitimately that they were at the time. Borget and Mastroeni were gambling with Enron’s money. Jeff Skilling organized high-risk company trips where he would plan dangerous activities that Enron employees would participate in. Andy Fastow, Enron’s chief financial officer, wanted to please his boss, Skilling, so he tried to increase Enron’s stock up even though they were 30 million dollars in debt. He got hundreds of special companies to prop up Enron’s stock by making Enron debt disappear. To outside investors it looked like cash was coming in, but Enron was hiding their debt in Fastow’s companies so investors couldn’t see it. Fastow was participating in outcome orientation, and Skilling encouraged him to do so. Skilling created a very aggressive company culture for Enron by implementing a performance review committee (PRC) that people were graded a one to a five and 10% people had to be a five and if they were they would be fired...
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... The Culture at Devils Den is that of a laissez-faire attitude where things are done in an uncontrolled manner. There are rules and regulations but these rules are not applied by managers. Employees demonstrate and practice unethical behaviors and go unpunished. Employees who are students steal food and give to their friends. Some even take home food which is a practice that is against the rules. The managers at the Den either do not care or are afraid to enforce rules and regulations. Identify and discuss the drivers of unethical behavior at the Devil’s Den. The drivers of unethical behavior at the Devil’s Den are the lack of proper control by the management of College Food Services (CFS) which is a contract company that runs the restaurant business at the school. Because of laxity in management, employees get away with unethical behaviors and this only go to embolden them to keep on doing things they know is not allowed such as accessing the unlocked storage door to retrieve food for their own personal gains and self-interests. The managers do not want to take action because they feel this would deter the student employees from working for CFS. The contract company only pays a little over the minimum wage level. The pressure to entice employees to CFS makes management to look the other way when employees practice unethical behaviors. This is evidenced when an employee was caught pocketing money from the register and he was not threatened or punished because...
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...GRACE A review of WorldCom’s financial demise highlights numerous incidents of fraud, manipulation of billing procedures, purchasing of equipment that never arrived, and countless other unethical practices. Top executives at WorldCom were convicted for the corruption that finally bought the telecommunications company down. However, the exposure of WorldCom revealed weak internal controls and a lack of effective organ- izational structure and civility that seem to be present in other top companies. WorldCom organizational behavior theories could have predicted or even explain the failure of WorldCom . Additionally, I will offer perspectives on the comparisons and contrasts of leadership, management, and organizational structures and their contributions to the company’s collapse. pursuit of profits with humanitarian goals and social responsibility. How a company is Com suggests that money and profits were the core values. The behaviors displayed by employees and top management executives demonstrated that a culture of corruption was tools to cultivate organizational behavior were implemented. and focused on individuals, groups, and the structure of it company. Theories and concepts to analyze and describe human behavior and promote healthy attitudes are tools that provide critical insight to a company’s well-being. Self-Assessment tools for em- ployees, group and team-building activities help management to interpret human assessment...
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...Health South: The Scrushy Way It is a cliché that “crime does not pay.” Seemingly when one has the charisma to lead a multi-billion dollar corporation, and power to affect the well-being of thousands, perhaps crime does pay – in the short term. It’s easy to rationalize that what one does is not a crime “if it hurts no one,” or if one is doing amazing amounts of charity work. Richard M. Scrushy is a case in point – he seemed to have it all, the all-American success story, yet dishonesty, and unethical practices, when engaged in hurt everyone – for a long time. As this author has explored through this Business Ethics class, unethical behavior looks only at the short-term, what can one get now? The Carpenter taught, regarding those who did not follow wisdom, that they were “like unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand: and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell: and great was the fall of it” (Matthew 7:26-27, King James Version). The character of the individual who cheats, or takes advantage of others, gets bent out of shape and distorted, until it is no longer strong enough to provide a sure foundation, and without that they fall and they hurt themselves and those around them. Impact on Stakeholders In the house that Scrushy built, this author identifies several stakeholders impacted by the dishonesty, including: Richard Scrushy, his management team, his board of directors, his employees, the patients...
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...Video 1: Types of Discriminations In this video have show 6 types of discriminations such as direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, association discrimination, harassment discrimination, victimization discrimination and perceptive discrimination. Based on the types of discrimination, director has do an example and show to the people to understand it. First of all is direct discrimination. Direct discrimination is usually clear and easy to spot. This situation will occurs when a company or organization make decisions not based on value or talents but on factors such as sex, race, religion or age. This is an obvious injustice, but companies often do not have much ability to refute their wrongdoing. In the video, we can see they have show 2 example to let people to know about direct discrimination. In the first example is an employee, he need to stay over working time to finish his work however the others employees who have a good relationship with boss, they do not need to stay over working time to finish their work. Next example is when a company have doing recruitment for recruit new employees, the top decision maker will do not give the judgment correctly because the top decision maker will have a mentalist that give priority to his friends, family or others people who have relationship with him. Second discrimination is indirect discrimination. Indirect discrimination is when a work requirement, condition or practice seems the same for all staff, but actually disadvantages...
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