...relies heavily on U.S. tourism. Was that a factor in their choice not to follow Castro’s ways? The ties that bind Cuba and Jamaica run deep, according to Brian Meeks, Professor of Social and Political Change at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. The interconnections stem from several episodes in their shared history, Meeks said in a recent lecture, as well as from past migrations of people between the two countries. His talk, “Cuba from Due South: An Anglo-Caribbean Perspective,” launched the Center for Latin American Studies’ (CLAS's) new thematic focus on Cuba. An academic, journalist, novelist, and poet, Meeks commenced the talk with a reading of self-penned poem, “Cuba One,” written during the height of Jamaican political turmoil in 1975. “In 1962 a blue//mountain peak showed//a green horizon//to the unsuspecting eye.//standing spyglassed//staring blindly,//thought I'd see a dull grey line//tinged with red and barbed around//the picture framing//captive portraits//hiding from the sunlight//ideologically bound.” Building on the themes in his verse, Meeks recounted his experience as a middle-class youngster at the dawn of Jamaican independence, an event that came just a year after the failure of the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion by armed Cuban exiles and the United States. At the time, “there was little sympathy in Jamaica for Fidel’s movement – or so it...
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... Page: 16 I. Introduction The Economic collapse of the 1930’s was rebuilt by the two presidents during that era; President Franklin D. Roosevelt and President Harry S. Truman. The economic collapse and depression of the 1930’s was caused by greed and abuse of monopoly power from industries. A wide range of Railroad industries were the cause of many secret control of small industries. The economy was not built for greed and led to many bankrupt industries. The Interstate Commerce Commissions first changed by President Roosevelt then by President Truman help increase public security in the railroad industry. The first Hoover Commission benefited safety of the executive branch and organization of government. The Great Depression is significant to the country overall and it’s an era that history will never forget. The significant presidents during that era were the reason for the rebuilding of the economy. Transportation departments are significant to our motor carrier and railroad industries today that help the public safety. The Interstate Commerce Commission is significant to railroad industries, federal railroad rates, and regulating the private industries in the United States. The First Hoover Commission still holds today with some changes to the government but it first developed the organization of the executive branch and transportation. The significance of transportation was crucial to the economy during the 1930’s and going in depth will increase the better...
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...Armiger Response paper #2 4/26/12 Oil Crisis in the 1970’s The Oil Crisis of the 1970’s was a major period in American history, when a number of political, global and social events came together to create a ‘perfect storm’. The Seventies was an era filled with people seeking self-fulfillment (The ‘Me’ Decade), where the nation was growing at a fast pace. People, during this time, concentrated on their own leisure and happiness. Behind the narcissism and selfishness of many people’s attitudes, an oil crisis struck America which largely impacted the automobile industry and led to a rise in gas prices. The combination of stagnant growth and price inflation during this era raises many issues, while many attempts to end the crisis, such as Jimmy Carter’s Energy plan, substantially made it worse. These problems caused Americans to focus more on economic issues versus social issues. The “Me Decade,” a term coined by novelist Tom Wolfe, was a concept of the Seventies- “an era of narcissism, selfishness, personal rather than political awareness… The ‘70’s was the decade in which people put emphasis on the skin, on the surface, rather than on the roof of things… It was the decade in which image became preeminent because nothing deeper was going on (Schulman, 145).” It described the new American self-awareness and the collective retreat from history, community and human reciprocity. Compared to the 1960’s, Americans in the 1970’s were self-absorbed and passive; it was a stylistic...
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...The time period between 1968 and 1980 is infamously known as the decade of national decline for the United States. A constant flow of various types of struggles throughout this time gave the US population the harsh realization that America was not as prosperous as it once had been. “No Direction Home” written by author Natasha Zaretsky sheds light on the fact that the United States’ moral, economic, military, and political fields weakened drastically throughout the 1970’s. The numerous factors that contributed to America’s slow deterioration as a country created desperate citizens, looking for any way to salvage the United States. Then Ronald Reagan ran for Presidency in 1980. His never-ending positivity and fresh new policies made Americans...
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...Policing in America today has grown from different economic, social and political forces. In order to understand how policing in the united states relates to the current relationship between the police and the different social classes and ethnic groups, one needs to know how the history of policing has developed in order to become what it is currently. This paper will discuss the views of the momentous background of the united states police and this will help us to have a better understanding of how the different social classes and ethnic groups relates with the police. Police development has evolved over different eras. The first era was the era between 1840’s and early 1900’s. During this era, local political leaders are the ones who governed the police. The policing of these times was decentralized and this paved way for fraud through politics. The social and political worlds were closely connected police departments. There was a lot of disorganization and in efficiencies. This was caused by the lack of governmental control over the police officers that was resulted by the political nature of the positions of the police and decentralization. There was discrimination against ethnic minorities, racial groups, strangers and the people...
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...It is basically a little larger than Texas. Chile is divided into three main parts, mainland and two territorial islands named Isla Sala y Gomez and Easter. Chile has an interesting history and it has seen many ups and downs in its economic development (Hudson, 1994). A description of the history of the 20th century of Chile and its current economic and political situation is presented below. The history of the 20th century of Chile is mainly focused on its entrance to the parliamentary system and thus it saw the changes in its political situation. In the beginning of the 20th century, Chile was stable despite of having lesser power in the hands of presidents. During this time, congress selected the president for the country. The presidents of this century mainly includes: Germán Riesco Errazuriz, Pedro Montt, Ramón Barros Luco, and Juan Luis Sanfuentes. During the 1920’s, there was an increasing gap between the middle class and lower class of society (Bizzarro, 1987). Due to this gap, the masses were dissatisfied and they called a new leader, Arturo Alessandri Palma, who brought the system of election for the selection of president. He brought other changes as well such as compulsory primary education and separation between the church and state. After a few months’ service of Alessandri, Carlos Ibanez came into power and promoted public works and industry; however, he is known as a military dictator. Electoral Democracy was...
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... . How the historical development of policing in the United States relates to the current relationship between police and different ethnic groups and social classes. Policing in the United States has grown tremendously, so much so that it is the largest most visible portion of the criminal justice process. Throughout its history, this country’s law enforcement system continues to change and advance. However with change and growth comes conflict, distrust, brutality and animosity between law enforcement, the many different ethnic groups and social classes that make up society. Notably the most well know volatile relationship is between the police and African Americans. The aim of this paper is not only to recount the historical development of policing in the United States, but how it relates to the current relationship between law enforcement, different ethnic groups and social classes. Sir Robert Peel of England founded the first modern police department, the Metropolitan Police of London. Before the Metropolitan Police became active every capable person was charged with the responsibility of contributing to the policing of their community. Because of this society was more trusting of the police. In essence it was community policing and neighbors looked out for one another. The relationship between the policing organization and the community was much more amicable. The United States Police borrowed selectively from the British system. It adopted...
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...Chapter 4 Rapprochement and Normalization United States during the 1960’s • Vietnam war- US involvement in the War took place from 1965-1975 with over 536,100 troops stationed overseas. The Results of this war was withdrawal of American forces from Indochina and a Communist takeover of South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. • Tet Offensive- Attacks that began on Vietnamese New Year 1968 that targeted military and civilians throughout South Vietnam. This was the turning point of the war and lead public opinion of the war in the US as unfavorable. • US draft- During the was 25% of United States Armed forces were draftees, with about 30% being combat deaths. • Many questioned US commitment to Vietnam with the cost of casualties, supplies, and...
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...Chilean Economic Structure An analysis of the Chilean economic structure reveals that this country has overcome the 1970’s Marxist economic rule, austerity and mass privatization to obtain the strongest sovereign bond rating in South America. Under the rule of socialist President Salvador Allende from 1970 to 1973, Chile experienced civil unrest and the county spun out of control as President Allende’s economic policies polarized an already fragile nation. During President Allende’s brief tenure, the astronomical rise in the prices of goods and services coincided with a plummeting consumer purchase power rate cased massive inflation that plunged the country into a huge recession. The following details the Chilean economic structure and the role the government played during its pedestrian growth in the 1950’s, its fall in the 1970’s and its current day resurrection. During the 1950’s to 1970, Chile had the poorest economic performance among Latin America’s large and medium-sized countries. This pedestrian growth was attributed to the government and its overvaluation of the domestic currency. The government continually resorted to controlling agricultural prices in order to subsidize the urban and middle classes. This subsidy caused a lag in the growth of the agricultural sector, was one of the most glaring symptoms of Chile’s economic woes during the 1950’s. At the beginning of the 1950’s, inflation, which had already and economic problem and been since the 1880’s, became...
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...industry in how they have grown so big, so profitable, that they have become resistant to regulations. The banks grown to the enormous that the stability of the economy was dependent, giving they a political influence by pouring money into campaigns of congressional candidates and congressmen, assuring investment banks to maintain influence and position in the White House and the Treasury department. Theses “megabanks” had balance sheet assets that accounted for more than 60 percent of the country’s gross domestic product. In March of 2009, the presidents of thirteen of these “Megabanks” met at the White House with the President, Obama that gave a message, “everybody has to pitch in. We’re all in this together” –President Obama (13 Bankers, page 4) this message giving a clear indicator the thirteen bankers needed the government and in turn, the government needed these 13 bankers to maintain stability of the economy. Thomas Jefferson was strongly suspicious of the financial industry and of banks and feel they are more dangerous than standing armies. Jefferson feared that the economic power held by banks have the possibility to grow out of government control. Jefferson’s vision for the United States was more of a farming and agricultural economy, in such had little political and economic power. The opposition to Jefferson, came from Alexander Hamilton;...
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...many Colombians prospered from Pablo Escobar’s cocaine trade; was the financial gain worth the state becoming a narco-terror state; and introducing the world to a substance which would increase terror and corruption in two countries. Many Colombians and Americans would say no. Even though killing Pablo Escobar did not reduce the output of cocaine being imported into the U.S. and around the world. Many Colombians felt as if his death ended the narco-terror which paralyzed Colombia for almost fifteen years, but some Colombians believe that his good justified the means of his brutality. In the early 1970’s the United States started a campaign called the War on Drugs, President Richard Nixon declared “drug abuse enemy number one’ in 1971. Why did Richard Nixon take a hard line look at drugs with the Vietnam War taken place? Was it because, he looked at drugs as symbols of rebellion, political strife, and or social upheaval? Who knows what President Nixon’s reasoning for this new policy? After this policy was established earlier in the decade; there was a drug renaissance about a certain white powder, which would change the course of the United States forever. This drug renaissance came along with the perception that it was cool to use after seeing many celebrities such as Steven Tyler from the Rock band Aerosmith, who said he “spent 20 million dollars on cocaine in the 70’s and 80’s. (Tyler 50)” This...
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...Significant Events through the year’s 1950’s-1990’s HIS/135 19 February 2012 1950’s-1990’s When you consider the term powerful and what it takes to be given this title, many would think of the United States. Over the course of decades, the United States has faced many obstacles in its path, threatening and challenging its wealth. The United States is a Country of free thinking with fruitful opportunities for the everyday people. The United States has faced many economic upswings, such as the baby boom era; has experienced excessive military spending, like the Reagan era; has dealt with wars, like Vietnam; and has even experienced political failure, like the Bay of Pigs and President Kennedy. Although we have faced many disappointing turns, and has been tested with great obstacles and difficulties, the lasting power of this country cannot be tested and will not be waivered. 1950’s –Boom Goes the Economy Baby! World War II was one that left America, the people, and the social and economical growth completely drowned by the debt and aftermath it created. In the 30’s President Roosevelt had implemented the “new Deal” when he was elected into office. This deal he had, gave Americans hope that the depression they were in would be soon over. By the year 1939, the New Deal had run its course. In its short existence, the New Deal’s programs helped improve the lives of the American people suffering from the events of the war-caused depression. Although this...
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...Important Events That Occurred in the United States During the Past 50 Years Lawsianita Charles Axia College of University of Phoenix Important Events That Occurred 2 There were so many different events that occurred in the past fifty years that help to shape the United States. These events have brought good and hard times to the United States Politically. Huge contributions were contributed to the American society every decade by the past leaders. These Contributions has help mode the United States into what it is today. There has been a great deal of wars fought by this country for its civil rights and people. After the many battles and wars that the United States endured, the United States never let their dreams die. Many of their dreams came true, many of their dreams failed due to different programs and policies from our former leaders of America. For instance, the Watergate Scandal in the 1970s was one of the great events that became memorable. The drastic tax cut in the 80’s by President Ronald Reagan also became memorable. Almost every president in the United States past has left some sort of significant legacies with their leadership in some sort of way. The leaders that made mistakes also help to shape the country to what it is today because of their past mistake. Their past mistakes help to create a solution for success further down the road. Our education, businesses, homes, and...
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...Development-Empowerment a)WID,b)WAD,c)GAD Ever since the formation of the United Nations Commission on the Status for Women in 1946, it had been proposing a U. N. Women’s Conference with little success. Gradually with pressure from the American Women‟s Movement, the U.N. General Assembly declared 1975 as the International Women’s Year and 1975-1985 as the International Decade for Women. This declaration led to a growing awareness of women‟s issues and an acceptance of their demands as legitimate issues for policy making, both at the national and international level. The major themes of the International Women’s Year and Conference were-- Equality, Development and Peace. Equality, however, had been a dominant issue for the U.N. Commission on the Status of Women and it came primarily from the feminist movement of the Western industrialized nations. Peace was increasingly considered to be a women issue by the countries of the Eastern block. Development, on the other hand, was a recent issue put forward mainly by the newly independent “Third World” nations as a key to improving women’s lives. During the Decade, the important but previously invisible role of women in the social and economic development of the poorer countries was highlighted. The declaration of the International Decade for Women (1975-85) signified the new visibility of Women in Development (WID) in international forums. During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency...
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...Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States Review: The Third Generation: Reflections on Recent Chicano Historiography Author(s): David G. Gutiérrez Source: Mexican Studies / Estudios Mexicanos, Vol. 5, No. 2 (Summer, 1989), pp. 281-296 Published by: University of California Press on behalf of the University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States and the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1052091 . Accessed: 01/05/2011 16:00 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=ucal. . Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive....
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