...Status for Women of Color in Higher Education Academic Administrative Positions By: Eddie R. Washington National- Louis University ------------------------------------------------- Contents ABSTRACT 3 SITE SELECTION 4 PARTICIPANT SELECTION 4 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 4 ASSUMPTIONS 5 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 5 HISTORICAL PRECEDENCE 7 METHODOLOGY 12 DEFINITION OF TERMS 14 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 15 LITERATURE REVIEW 16 Works Cited 34 ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT Although they are small in recognition women of color have strived hard to better the higher education system and opportunities afforded to women of colors and minorities as a whole. Yes over the past couple of decades African American women have been afforded a 60 percent increase in the number of faculty and an 80 percent increase in the amount of women administrators. Yes this is a huge percentage of change, but even with these advancement African American women still represent less than seven percent of the total percentage of administrators. The women that do manage to break down the transparent barriers encounter countless problems throughout their career that Caucasian male or females or even African American males could even grasp. The careers of these heroines are often filled with unimaginable amounts of internal/external stressors, bouts of having to cope with being oppressed, seen as tokens or having to deal with racism and/or sexism, but yet they...
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...In this paper I choose to write about the Social Perception of women in the workplace, because women in the professional industry are overlooked everyday especially when u a woman of different race; It becomes very difficult to gain respect or even promotion in that field. In today’s world women of different race are forced to deal with racism and sexism and they have to tolerate it if they want to keep that job but when does this behavior stop; I mean how long can this women continue to keep silent just because they want to provide for their families and if they fight back they are painted as the aggressor “saying she wanted it” but do a young woman walking an office asking for job, or even walking the office asking to be harassed about her body or been called names wanting it. In order for women to talking seriously in his century they have to act like men, be aggressive like them, make their presence by been hard which sometimes can lead to people calling her names; but as a woman of color I understand that they have no choice but to act that way because that’s the only way anybody in that office will take them seriously. With most women of color today the perception of how they see other women been treated can alter their choices in career, so sometimes they settle for career where they feel more comfortable it may not be the dream career they want, if you take a look at most fortune 500 companies almost all their CEO’s are men it rarely before you see a woman CEO in any...
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...Phillip Mose AFS 102 Rahwa Meharena African American woman as you all know have it the worst in this country that we live in. The United States of America has downgraded blacks in general from when the first African slaves were force into the North American colony of Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619 to social inequality today. At the same rate, so did females, blacks harsher than whites. Females faced sexism everywhere they went. Females were portrayed to be just housewives sitting at home watching the kids and cooking dinner. As it’s bluntly known, due to the fact that black women had to fight for both racism and sexism, black woman in America have it worse. For a long time America had fought within each other due to the fact that we are all racist. All in a sense that no matter how civil we get there will always be a dispute between races, class, and overall social stratification. America is at this point where people are put into a system that ranks them from the top to the bottom. With that being said, with all the commotion of equality and inequality our country still shows love and peace to all. It might not be the love and peace we want but it’s enough to where if it’s done right, people from the lower class have a chance to live the American Dream. La June Montgomery Tabron is an African American woman who is a CEO of The Kellogg Foundation, she states, "In so many ways, my own journey illustrates the power and impact of what is possible with the right conditions.”...
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...INTRODUCTION A number of African American women are succeeding on the long road to career advancement and leadership positions. Nevertheless, racism and sexism still hinder their efforts for career advancement and leadership positions. Black women are facing an intense combination of discrimination in American institutions. Because we live in a white male-dominated society, it is easy to underestimate African American women’s leadership potential and abilities. African American women are looked at as inferior beings, rather than as equals capable of accomplishing any and everything a man can. The purpose of this research will be to investigate how education influences career advancement and leadership positions of African American...
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...Racialism And Ethnicities in “Country Lovers” Charity Johnson ENG 125 Brian Freeland August 20, 2012 The literature of African America started from eighteenth century. The writings of the African American literature have focused on racism, ethnicity, and struggles of life for the African American people and the chase of freedom along with the search of equality in the society. Nadine Gordimer and Patricia Smith are famous contributors in the field of African American literature. This pare compares and contrasts the short story of Nadine Gordimer, “Country Lovers” and “What it’s Like to Be a Black Girl,” by Patricia Smith. Both the literature works put light on the racial background and ethnicities. The main character in both the pieces of literature is a black woman. The women in both the poem and the story face severe discrimination because of their color and their race. Racism and ethnicity is an issue which has ruined the societies and only the African American black skinned people, particularly females have been facing the effects of racism since long. The black skinned females have been tortured by discrimination and racism. (Clugston, 2010). Racism is something that most of us do not speak about but it is has penetrated deep in our society. The short story “country lovers” depicts a love story of a black girl named Thebedi and a white boy named Paulus. Both the main characters of the story were brought together since their childhood. They used to play...
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...former head of the Department of African American Studies at the University of Cincinnati, and the past President of the American Sociological Association Council. Collins was the 100th president of the ASA and the first African American woman to hold this position. Throughout this paper I will discuss several ideas Patricia Hill Collins focuses on throughout her career. This paper will cover topics such as Intersectionality, The Matrix of Domination, Oppression, The Hegemonic Domain of Power, Resisting Power, and Subjugated Knowledge. I will also...
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...works The Welcome Table by Alice Walker / what it's like to be a black girl by Patricia Smith represent African American women who have faced challenges of sexism, racism and stereotypes in American life. Racism and Sexism are questions that I will discuss and examine. I will compare tand contrast similarities of both poems. I will explain and give examples to show how these two poems exhibit different scenarios but similar views about how race and ethnicity can affect women of color based on prejudice and stereotypes. The main character is a nearly blind, old black woman with a lean build and a grayish tone to her skin. She wears a mildewed black dress with missing buttons and a grease-stained head rag covering her pigtails. She has blue-brown eyes, is ashen in appearance and much wrinkled. She is perspiring from her walk and is shivering from the cold. She enters the white Church and sits, singing in her head. She is physically thrown out of the church. After the woman is turned away she begins to feel a sense of loneliness, and an outcast. “She sees Jesus walking down the highway and is giddy with joy. Jesus tells her to follow him and she does, walking alongside him. He looks just like she thought he would, and he listens to her sing and talk to him. She feels great beside him and can walk as long as he wants. (Smith,).The women in my opinion feel that God will reward her in the end. Not because she is black but because she knows...
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...accomplish the so called “American Dream”? Some have been able to accomplish this dream, but many still struggle and continue to work non stop in order to reach a dream that is almost impossible to achieve. The United States of America, “the land of the free and opportunities”, hasn’t really been the land of the free, with opportunities for all. During my 7 week summer course, I was able to have a better and deep understanding of how the United States is structured to benefit a certain group while denying others opportunities. How those in power acquired their power, work to maintain it through inequality, how these inequalities can a lot of times be correlated, and how can we work together to make a difference. In order to understand inequality we must first identify what are the factors that contribute in creating it. Social class, which can define one’s position in society, contributes to a form of conflict. Social class divisions have always played a prominent role in America. These class distinctions inflict unfair on all Americans. The idea of social class has been a central concept in determining the opportunities a person is capable of having. People from different socioeconomic backgrounds live different lifestyles as well as have different opportunities available to them. The film People Like Us: Social Class in America, discusses the class system, social stratification based on both birth and individual achievement, which the American people use to define...
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...individual simply because they are of another species. This quote is taking the stand of discrimination against beings of a different species other than human is just as morally objectionable as all other discriminations, such as racism or sexism. This quote also claims that speciesism is deeply embedded in our society and only a radical change can uproot the long standing speciesism in our society. This...
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...Final Paper: COMM 202 Jessica Matzell University of Maryland University College 1442 words Herbie Hancock, an American pianist, keyboardist, bandleader and composer believes that for music to grow or become anything, the artist must experiment and try new things. Herbie Hancock's theories allow for the movement of jazz music from the traditional to a more progressive new form. He believes what makes history is what music reflects on. Music has made an impact on all levels in history. The early days of jazz provided many styles, which highlighted the talent and innovation of African American music including Ragtime and Dixieland. Ragtime also contributed to the movement of African Americans to march against racism. Dixieland was a form that made a mockery of how Caucasian people danced. Soul is the movement of power to African Americans, all of which reflected what was going on in history during that time. For traditional jazz to be played in the present time would have no meaning to the people playing it. For instance, a young jazz musician playing Charles Mingus' song "Fables of Faubus" (which was about the wrong doings of governor Faubus) would have no meaning to the musician because he/she never lived that era. As for new, recent music, the artist plays what he/she feels in respect to the present. For instance, Herbie Hancock's new album came out about a month ago called "Possibilities". This album was called his "all-star project" (Downbeat; Pg 38) because it...
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...are numerous media messages that can impact on the understanding of race and gender by children. The media is powerful in terms of the messages it relays to the audiences. The social judgments of viewers can be greatly influenced by what they see on television news (Mastro, Lapinski, Kopacz & Behm-Morawitz, 2009). According to Mastro, Lapinski, Kopacz & Behm-Morawitz (2009), the Whites in the United States of America perfect in racial prejudice against their fellow black countrymen and women. The Whites perceive the Black as being aggressive and overly violent. This negative depiction of the Black Americans by the White Americans is hugely contributed to by media exposure. The ethnic and racial minorities in the country are depicted as criminal suspects in the news watched through televisions. Unfortunately, the suspects of these ‘criminals’, as depicted by the same television news, are the Whites. The social impact of such media messages would promote ethnicity and racism amongst the interracial population of the United States. In this light, the Whites will always...
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...Personal Portrait There are many theories that are associated with human development. I will create a personal portrait and integrate developmental theory, moral development, and gender and cultural influences. Erikson Erikson’s developmental theory will be used to analyze my life stage by stage. I will compare Erikson’s theory of development to Lawrence Kohlberg’s model of moral development and analyze how these theories have affected my development from birth to adulthood. Last I will evaluate hoe factors can be explained within the context of gender differences and environmental, cultural, and ethnic influences. We all have different personality traits many are inborn temperament traits and others were learned based on our environment and the support we receive in growing up. Erikson became a leading figure in the psychosocial study of human growth and development, formulating nine stages, with a “conflict” or “crisis” to be resolved at each stage for healthy development to occur (Crandell, Crandell, Zanden, p. 39, 2009). Each stage builds on the preceding stages and the crisis in each stage should be resolved by the ego in that stage. As employed by Erikson (1968a, p. 286), a crisis is not “a threat of catastrophe but a turning point, a crucial period of increased vulnerability and heightened potential.” More importantly he said, “remember that conflict and tension are sources of growth, strength, and commitment” (Erikson & Erikson, 1997) (Crandell, Crandell...
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...Name: Institution: Date: 1. Horatio Greenough was the first American sculptor who had the passion of art who made the sculpture ‘Rescue’. The Rescue is a sculpture that was erected at the right of the Capitol steps. It signified the struggle for supremacy and achievement of culture, civilization and Christianity between the Indian and white man. The sculpture was brought down some time later to create room for the extension of the building. The rescue sculpture was removed in 1958, and it was never seen again. At a later time, the sculpture was crashed down by a tractor when being transported and the only piece that remained was the dog which is used for study purposes. The statue was rated as the most embarrassing statue hence it brought about controversies, it discouraged greenough’s interest in art. 2 (b). The 19 federally recognized native American tribes in southern California are; the Barona band of mission Indians, campo kumeyaay nation, inaja-cosmit band of Indians, jamul Indian, la jolla of luiseno Indians, la posta band of mission Indians, los coyotes, Manzanita band, pala band of cupeno Indians, pauma band of mission Indians, Mesa Grande band, Viejas band, Sycuan band, Santa Isabel band, san Pasqual band, Rincon band, Pala band, mesa Grande band The Chemehuevi Tribe is one of the Native American tribe in the southern California which is federally recognized. The Chemehuevi is an Indian majored term that means ‘those who play with fish’’. In the mid 18th century...
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... HIV has killed millions of people around the world. African Americans living in the United States represent one of the groups that are adversely affected by HIV. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) refers to a virus that attacks one’s immune system which represents the natural defense system of a human body. When this defense system becomes weak, the body becomes susceptible to various diseases and infections. The virus that attacks the immune system as well as the infection that affects the body as a result of the weak immune system is called HIV. In 2014 alone, 5,128 African American women were diagnosed with HIV compared to 1,483 white women and 1,350 Latino/Hispanic women in the USA (CDC, 2016). This study is going to investigate the problem of HIV among this vulnerable population. The study will also investigate the risk factors of HIV among this population. Finally, the study is going to discuss the nursing implications. Problems, Susceptibility, Exposures and Frequency An earlier report by Global-Campaign in 2006 indicated that of the total population of the United States, African Americans only account for 13 percent. However, African Americans account for more than half of all the new HIV cases in the U.S. especially the women, making them a vulnerable community (Ragsdale-Hearns, 2012). This high frequency rates among them is due to various problems and high exposures to HIV/AIDS. For instance, African American heavily inhabited areas in the USA are known for high...
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...seemed to be a hot topic in the past, it is still one that should continue to be addressed. Affirmative Action is needed in the American workplace to improve morale and create equity among all Americans. The history of Affirmative Action (AA) is a long one. The first federal law passed was The Civil Rights Act of 1964. This law started the term, “Equal Opportunity Employment” and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The first legislation to pass was Executive Order number 11246 on September 24, 1965 (Aberson & Haag, 2003). This essentially stated that employers needed to take affirmative action to ensure no one was discriminated against for their race, religion, color, or country of origin. In more recent years, employers have added sexual orientation, abilities, and ethnicity to their list of nondiscrimination. Unfortunately, during these times white men were not always accepting of women and minorities in the workplace. Women who joined the workplace in the 1960s and 1970s were expected to do chores for the men in the workplace. They would also be sexually harassed and abused by their male coworkers (MacLean, 1999). Minorities were still treated unfairly and with inferiority. On many occasions minority civil rights organizations stepped in to assist women in their struggles. For instance, in New York City in 1977, women were finally given the right to join the Fire Department. The firemen harassed, abused, and even put their fellow female fire...
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