...The party identification model demonstrates a clear correlation between voting behaviour and a range of social variables. In 1967, political scientist Peter Pulzer claimed ‘Class is the basis of British Politics: all else is embellishment and detail’ (Pulzer, 1967). The period 1945-1970, was characterised by psephologists as one of political stability with a clear two party dominance with party loyalty closely corresponding with social class. During this time, 90% of the votes cast during general elections were gained by either the Labour or Conservative party which under first-past- the post translated to 98% of seats in parliament. (IPSOS MORI 2015). At this time there was a clear correlation between party identification and social class. The Institute of Marketing developed a schema measured by occupation...
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...assembled on the mall in 1963[ for the Martin Luther King Jr.’s I Have A Dream Speech]”(qtd. in“These Ten…”). Economics played a role in the African American for equality in the schools pre Brown just as it is factoring into the integration of schools today. Richard D. Kahleberg, a senior fellow at the Century Foundation in Washington D.C. who has studied the impact of segregation in schools stated:...
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...on my movie experiences I have seen films that I probably never would have seen of my own discoveries. One such film is 12 Angry Men directed by Sidney Lumet. In the following essay I will look at this movie in detail and discuss the interaction between the film 12 Angry Men and some of the American culture and social tensions at the time that this film was made. 12 Angry Men was produced by Sidney Lumet and...
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...generation, young Americans wanted and demanded change. These changes affected education, values, laws, entertainment, and the way of life for several citizens around the country. As society, it is extremely important to understand that although the valiant efforts and impact that African American’s had, particularly in the 1950’s and 1960’s, in helping restructure American culture, many of the racist views of the past still play apart in American society. The 1950’s is often described as the calm before the storm of the 1960’s. During this time period, society was very much conformed to the views of conservative living. The desire for security during this era, reinforced by McCarthyism at home and the Korean War, created was known as the cold war culture. During the post WWII period in America, the face of the nation changed greatly under President Truman and Eisenhower. Because of extreme paranoia caused by Communism following WWII, conformity in the United States became an ideal way to distinguish American culture from the rest of the world. Conformity became evident through the medium of culture, society, and politics throughout the era of the 1950’s. The country was in such fear of Communism, that President Truman led the government in a revolt against any who claimed to be a Communist in the American government. Again, due to fear of being ostracized, Eisenhower, the proceeding president, was reluctant to confront McCarythism. The...
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...Communicating the Value of Psychology Position Paper Nagle Catholic College Danni Carroll “Psychology is the scientific study of how we think, feel and act. It aims to answer important questions such as what motivates people to behave the way they do and what factors influence the way they think, feel and behave as they grow up and develop” (Fletcher and Garton, 2007). Psychology is applied to society as a whole; it can help us understand how we as individuals can function as members of society and the values and attitudes to things such as Culture, Social values and practices and Social, Historical and Political Influences. Psychology studies have also taken us into the minds of others and how they react to certain situations; from this psychologists have created the areas of Social Psychology, Relational Influences and Communication that their studies fall under. The study of psychology also lets us find out more about ourselves as individuals such as our Biological Influences, Cognition, Developmental and Personality (Fletcher and Garton 2007). This position paper is aimed at a year 12 Psychology class studying 3AB Psychology: Self, Others and Society. The class consists 17 students with the majority of the students being female and aged 16-17. The purpose of this paper is to provide the students with a clearer understanding of the Psychology areas of Self, Others and Society. Case Study 1 – Personality Personality is defined as the characteristics of a person...
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...author’s point of view by Turban (1995), Little (1970), Moore and Chang (1980), Keen (1980), and Power (1997); history of DSS during late 1950s and early 1960s until millennium approached of Web-based analytical applications; the Decision support system (DSS) has been used in many different ways (Alter 1980, Power, 2002). Turban (1995) defines it as "an interactive, flexible, and adaptable computerbased information system, especially developed for supporting the solution of a nonstructured management problem for improved decision making. It utilizes data, provides an easy-to-use interface, and allows for the decision maker's own insights." For Little (1970), a DSS is a "model-based set of procedures for processing data and judgments to assist a manager in his decision-making." Moore and Chang (1980) define DSS as extendible systems capable of supporting ad hoc data analysis and decision modeling, oriented toward future planning, and used at irregular, unplanned intervals. importance of DSS to assist in high-level decision-making, assist academic advising staff, improve the quality and timeliness of marketing decisions, and medical diagnosis process; and current issues of DSS where decision-making as the most important activities for human beings, Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs), several types of DSS usage and deployment, and Social decision support system (SDSS) . In contrast, Keen (1980) claims that it is impossible to all give the a precise of definition...
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...1970’s Marxist economic rule, austerity and mass privatization to obtain the strongest sovereign bond rating in South America. Under the rule of socialist President Salvador Allende from 1970 to 1973, Chile experienced civil unrest and the county spun out of control as President Allende’s economic policies polarized an already fragile nation. During President Allende’s brief tenure, the astronomical rise in the prices of goods and services coincided with a plummeting consumer purchase power rate cased massive inflation that plunged the country into a huge recession. The following details the Chilean economic structure and the role the government played during its pedestrian growth in the 1950’s, its fall in the 1970’s and its current day resurrection. During the 1950’s to 1970, Chile had the poorest economic performance among Latin America’s large and medium-sized countries. This pedestrian growth was attributed to the government and its overvaluation of the domestic currency. The government continually resorted to controlling agricultural prices in order to subsidize the urban and middle classes. This subsidy caused a lag in the growth of the agricultural sector, was one of the most glaring symptoms of Chile’s economic woes during the 1950’s. At the beginning of the 1950’s, inflation, which had already and economic problem and been since the 1880’s, became much more serious, widespread and prevalent and it continued to plague the country well into the 1960’s. During President...
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...In early times, women were viewed inferior to men and were not given equal opportunities in the household, workplace and society. However throughout time, women have led to a change in traditional gender roles and fought for equality. The 1950s were viewed as a period of conformity, where men and women recognized gender roles and followed society’s views. The 1960s were a period of uncertainty, disturbance and social revolution. After the turmoil of the 1960s and 1970s, the 1980s were represented as a period of optimism and vision. In the past decades, women began to find their voice and drastically change their position in society, politics, education and leadership. During these times, the racial divide and unfair treatment of women were...
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...Representative democracy: A Representative democracy is where the electorate elect professional politicians into the House of Commons to make decisions on the public’s behalf. The professional politicians are elected because they have expert knowledge on different parts of society and can therefore best preform decision-making process on complicated legislation. MPs are elected to represent their constituencies and constituents as well as pressure groups and associations. For example, the chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborn has a background in Economics and can therefore make good decisions on Britain’s economy. Direct democracy: A direct democracy is where the people often get consulted by the government on political issues. The public often get to be involved in the decision making process, which usually happens through referendums. The people therefor get a say in the decision making process instead of just leaving it to representatives. People may also take the initiative to propose change to political issues. Switzerland is known for its frequent use of referendums. Liberal democracy: A liberal democracy is where everyone is treated equally under the rule of law and that the minority is not supressed by the tyranny of the majority. The universal suffrage is important because it states that everyone ha the right to vote under one person one vote. The government is hold accountable by the people through regular elections. The government cannot exclude...
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...by the elite upper-class and subsequently imitated by the lower classes, why do people imitate Hip-Hop’s style of flat-rimmed baseball caps and oversized jeans – a style that is typically associated with lower socioeconomic classes? Georg Simmel contends that the tension between wanting to imitate or conform versus wanting to distinct one self, dictates the future of fashion in an endless circle of styles coming into fashion and styles going out of fashion. Whether styles last or disappear, the constant remainder is fashion, propelled forward by the need of individuals to constantly distinguish themselves from others, but at the same time a desire to conform and be identifiable by others. I apply Simmel’s theory to the development of Hip-Hop fashion and culture and argue that Hip-Hop fashion originated from a need for distinction; that there is an important shift between imitation and distinction; and that there is a significant change in the type of elite who is imitated, especially in Hip-Hop fashion. Simmel’s Theory on Fashion For Simmel, fashion broadly speaking “is the imitation of a given example and satisfies the demand for social adaptation. . . . At the same time it satisfies in no less degree the need of differentiation, the tendency towards dissimilarity, the desire for change and individual contrast” (Simmel 543). Additionally, Simmel saw fashion as primarily the prerogative of the upper classes, a means of preserving their own difference from those standing...
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...allowed hear.” These were a few of the difficulties people of the nonwhite (black) population faced in South Africa during the apartheid. The apartheid was an unyielding governmental procedure of segregation and discrimination of the nonwhite population for the country of South Africa (Apartheid…). This paper will give the history of the country of South Africa and the development of the government which started the apartheid. Segregation of the South African population will be described by giving information and examples about the different social classes and job opportunities individuals were allowed to have based on their race. The intent of the paper is to show the hardships that the South African nonwhites faced and their struggles to become equal during the vast period of governmentally enforced segregation. The apartheid began with the enactment of the apartheid laws in 1948 and lasted until 1991 (Apartheid in…). During the time in which the apartheid laws were in effect the country was divided and the majority of the population was poverty stricken. In the paper a description of the Apartheid during the forty-three year long period will be given by portraying the beginning of the apartheid, common acts of oppression and revolution against the government, and the apartheid coming to an end. To conclude the research there will be a comparison of South Africa during the apartheid and South Africa today. Also, the research will give an explanation...
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...WHAT IS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OR CSR? For long it was argued that the role of businesses was purely economical and that economics was the parameter on the basis of which their success or failure was to be determined. Corporations, since eons, have been regarded as the providers of jobs, products and services and it was believed that they are only financially responsible and profit making is their only motive. But recent times have seen a departure from that tradition and now CSR is being taken up in a broader societal context, mainly due to globalisation and the change in the ecological balance. They stakeholders i.e. the employees, community, suppliers and shareholders are redefining the role of the corporations. As a result of this particular kind of shift, many organisations have started endorsing the idea of businesses leaving the purely economic front and blending in some societal dimension as well. THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF CSR: CSR is not a new concept. It has been there since always though not necessarily by this name. Various ancient scriptures mention that businesses should be run ethically and more importantly, they should benefit the deprived section of the society. It has always been said that those who are privileged must lend a helping hand to those who aren’t. Chanakya, the teacher and guardian of Chandragupta Maurya, in his book ‘Arthashastra’ emphasised that ethical means be used while operating businesses. It is often argued that the level...
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...This paper will identify major historical turning points during War World II and through the 1970’s while analyzing the impact the war had on America’s current society, economy, politics and culture. I will also discuss why America in the late 1930’s wanted to stay out of the European conflict that became WWII, which is one of the greatest debates of all time. We examine the important role that women played in winning the war and what outcomes came from their hard work that impacted women today. Many civil rights movements developed during this time also, and we discuss many breakthroughs that moved African Americans forward because of the war. I will describe ways in which the Vietnam War brought political awareness to a new generation of young Americans and to conclude I talk about President’s Johnson’s “Great Society” agenda that are still in place today that we benefit from if it had not been for the war. All these things are what make WWII known for the Greatest War of all time even after World War I. The war prompted a tremendous mobilization of American resources, at a level unseen since the Civil War. Long-quiet industries were revitalized, the agricultural sector started to grow again, and the American economy ramped up from that of the low production of the Great Depression years to the most powerful economy in the world. The economy showed the most remarkable improvement. World War II initiated the most significant federal management of the economy in American History...
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...[pic][pic] [pic]Copyright © 2005 West Chester University. All rights reserved. College Literature 32.2 (2005) 103-126 [pic] | |[pic][pic][pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Access provided by Northwestern University Library ...
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...cultures that he grew up with. Elvis began singing at an early age in church, at local assemblies, camp meetings and revivals. While in elementary school his teacher convinced him to participate in a talent contest at the Mississippi/Alabama Fair and Dairy Show. Elvis wore a cowboy suit, had to stand on a chair to reach the microphone, and he sang a Red Foley song, "Old Shep". Elvis won second place and a $5.00 prize. Shortly after this Elvis' uncle bought him a guitar and gave him lessons. The Presley's moved to Memphis when Elvis was thirteen. He graduated from L. C. Humes high school in 1953. Elvis went to work for Crown Electric Company as a truck driver. He was planning to get a job as an electric repairman and took evening classes towards that end. During 1954 Elvis recorded a disc with two songs on it to give to his mother for her birthday. He paid $4.00 at Sun Records to do this disc. Sam Phillips, head of Sun Records, heard the disc. Sam was looking for a white man who could emulate the R&B and jazz sounds of the black artists and knew he had found that in Elvis. Phillips made Presley an offer and this was the beginning of Elvis' career....
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