...com/0957-4093.htm An integrative framework for supply chain collaboration Togar M. Simatupang School of Business and Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia, and Framework for supply chain collaboration 257 Ramaswami Sridharan University of Wollongong in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Abstract Purpose – This paper proposes an integrative framework for supply chain collaboration which is based on the reciprocal approach. Design/methodology/approach – A reciprocal approach is adopted to capture the interaction phenomenon of different features of collaboration in attaining overall supply chain performance. Findings – A collaborative supply chain framework is composed of five connecting features of collaboration, namely collaborative performance system, information sharing, decision synchronization, incentive alignment, and integrated supply chain processes. Research limitations/implications – Further research could be carried out to capitalize the framework for diagnosing and improving supply chain collaboration. Practical implications – The proposed framework enables the chain members to scrutinize key features of supply chain collaboration before and during collaborative initiatives. Originality/value – Previous research on supply chain collaboration mainly assume the unilateral phenomenon of collaboration that focuses on a single feature such as information sharing or co-managed inventory. The proposed framework for the first time explicitly addresses...
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...Greening the Supply Chain at Danaher Companies across the globe are seeking energy-efficiency, new environmental programs, and related methods to protect the fragile business environment. Danaher is among one of the companies leading environmental initiatives and identifying opportunities to “Green” their supply chain. Greening a supply chain can be achieved by implementing a process of using environmentally friendly agents and transforming them into byproducts that can be improved or recycled within the existing environment. This process develops outputs that can be reclaimed and re-used at the end of their life-cycle thus, creating a sustainable supply chain where companies can reduce costs while helping the environment. At Danaher, many times these initiatives are the result of federal regulatory initiatives or are customer driven. In an interview with John Dion, Vice President of Global Services for Danaher, he gave an example of the latest request from some of their top customers relating to consumable waste streams. One area that the company is exploring is expanding their use of water based solvents and reducing the amount of solvent based chemicals in their supply chain. He stated that customers are seeking medical devices containing green alternative components as part of their own “green” strategy. Since Danaher is highly focused on meeting the needs of its customer, it has taken the steps needed to use the “environmentally friendly” solvent as much as possible...
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...International Food and Agribusiness Management Review Volume 14, Issue 2, 2011 Agricultural Value Chains in Developing Countries A Framework for Analysis Jacques H. Trienekens Associate Professor, Wageningen University-Management Studies and Maastricht School of Management Hollandseweg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands Abstract The paper presents a framework for developing country value chain analysis made up of three components. The first consists of identifying major constraints for value chain upgrading: market access restrictions, weak infrastructures, lacking resources and institutional voids. In the second component three elements of a value chain are defined: value addition, horizontal and vertical chain-network structure and value chain governance mechanisms. Finally, upgrading options are defined in the area of value addition, including the search for markets, the value chain- network structure and the governance form of the chain. Part of this component is the identification of the most suitable partnerships for upgrading the value chain. The three components of the framework are derived from major theoretical streams on inter-company relationships and from the literature on developing country value chains. The framework is applied in a case example of a developing country value chain. Keywords: Developing country value chains, research framework, upgrading Corresponding author: Tel: + 31 317 484160 Email: Jacques.Trienekens@wur.nl 51 2011 International Food...
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...FEDEX TOWARDS PALM OIL INDUSTRY Core competency identified to be implemented in palm oil industry is Fedex supply chain management and its tracking device CORE COMPETENCY its infrastructure which is hard to imitate- a world wide network of planes trucks ships and hubs need a huge amount of capital. its dedication to innovation and embracing new technologies. – eg, them being the first logistic company to embrace the www as a tool to reach out to customers {attitude}. Like their wireless solution for faster shipping time, allowing customers to track their packages while travelling etc. Plus supply chain management and tracking capabilities. TARGET: GREEN INDUSTRY Solar+ biodiesel = substitutes for fossil burning Why green energy industry? In this presentation we will be focusing on 2 alternatives. Solar and bio-diesel. In support to the relevance of green energy, according to Eye For Transport, surveying 250 north American supply chain executives. The green transportation &logistics report revealed financial(ROI) and public relations are the driving force. 75% of a company‟s carbon print come from logistic and transportation. 6% respondents designate green issues as unimportant While 69% agree that green issues are important to their transport and logistics processes 9% find it as their No.1 priority. Total of 78% find relevance towards green transportation and logistics. Now. It is found greening their T&L process is fundamentally...
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...1. LEGO’s movie-themed products, keyed to popular film franchises such as Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, and Spiderman, include detailed construction plans. Do you think this is the right strategy? Why or Why not? Justify your assessment of Lego's strategy. To disect whether the inclusion of detailed construction plans in its film-franchised LEGO sets was the right strategy or not, it’s important to start with what the company itself stands for. The name LEGO means “play well”—the focus of the toy manufacturer being “play.” The perennial toy maker has a brand that stands for “self-expression,” and “sponteneity,” and “innovation.” That is, the core of LEGO is not jus that it’s a toy, but that it encourages children to be imaginative and creative with it’s simple interlocking bricks—a child can build anything that he or she can dream up with LEGO products. In fact, LEGO itself recognizes that two of its sources of competitive advantage are creativity and innovation. These are the decisive points for LEGO. They are what make LEGO, LEGO. Creativity and innovation are the product’s differentiators. They are the source of the company’s competitive advantage and, therefore, a key element in the company’s strategy. These differentiators are what propelled LEGO to a peak 85% market share of the construction-toy market. While licensing film francises into its merchandise wasn’t the wrong strategy, including detailed construction plans with those LEGO sets was the wrong strategy...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report evaluates McBride Plc’s overall strategic position in the current market scenario. Various theoretical frameworks are used to evaluate the company on a whole. The environmental audit includes evaluation of the internal and the external environment with the help of The PESTEL framework, Porter’s five forces, Value chain, Capability analyses and The SWOT analyses. INTRODUCTION The executive report provides an overview of the strategic position of McBride Plc which is a fast moving consumer goods company which operates in United Kindgom, China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Hong Kong and other European and Asian countries. It supplies to over 95% of Europe's top 20 retailers including Aldi, Auchan, Carrefour, Casino, Edeka, Leclerc, Metro, Rewe, J Sainsbury's, Tesco and Asda/ Wal *Mart The company deals in major household products and personal care products which are supplied to almost all major retail chains across Europe. The PESTEL framework discussed in this report helps the analysis of the macro environmental whereas the micro environment is evaluated with the help of Michael Porter’s five forces. Value chain and capability analysis also help to study the internal environment. SWOT analysis evaluates the overall position of the company. Conclusion evaluates the company’s working in terms of its strategy being feasible, sustainable and acceptable. MACRO ENVIRONMENT PESTEL Analysis: It provides the broad ‘data’ from which to identify key drivers...
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...Production Networks within Consumer Electronic Industry. Introduction A diagnostic characteristic of contemporary globalization is that the component parts of the world economy are increasingly interconnected in qualitatively different ways from the past. Another way of saying this is that the world economy consists of tangled webs of production circuits and networks that cut through, and across, all geographical scales, including the bounded territory of the state. It is too simple to just define the global production networks, that involving a process of production, distribution and consumption of commodities, goods and services, as technical-economic mechanisms (Coe, Dicken and Hess, 2008). More than this oversimplified conceptual framework, Levy (2008) argues GPN as ‘simultaneously economic and political phenomena . . . organizational fields in which actors struggle over the construction of economic relationships, governance structures, institutional rules and norms, and discursive frames . . . GPNs thus exist within the ‘‘transnational space’’ that is constituted and structured by transnational elites, institutions, and ideologies’. In Levy’s theory, we can find out that more than a economic process of productions, GPNs is also a ‘social’ and ‘cultural’ phenomena in which the geographically differentiated political and social cultural circumstance are also shaped (Coe, Dicken and Hess, 2008). Considering the consumer electronic industry in particular, what we can see now...
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...3) Use an extended example to discuss how ‘the sector matrix’ framework is useful for analysing demand and supply linkages in an industry. The end of the 20th century has experienced rapid changes in the way of trading, due to the expansion of capitalism. The Oxford dictionary defines capitalism as “an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state”. Due to high competition, firms have desperately been trying to reduce costs of production in order to maximise profits. Published in “Competitive Advantage” in 1985, Porter’s value chain is a great example to show how much importance firms gave to the supply side of the market in this period. Porter described the value chain as “a set of products and services linked together in a sequence of value adding economic activities”. In other words, it analyses the stages in which a product is created from raw material until it’s finished, each stage adding value to the product. Gereffi’s ‘Global Commodity chains’ uses the old strategy chains and links them with their political and geographical context, adding a spatial and territorial dimension to the demand and supply in a market.________________________________________ In 1998 in their article “Breaking the Chains? A sector Matrix for Motoring”, Julie Froud, Colin Haslam, Sukhdev Johal and Karel Williams tackled the settled chain concepts by showing its limits regarding complex industries such...
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...not only enough but they should also engage in transcending leadership and should be able to resolve systematic problems to achieve the goals of the organization. If they don’t make any changes in the financial markets, all their changes are worthless. 1) What are the challenges regarding corporate social responsibility that companies in the apparel industry face in its supply chains around the world? * There were many cases found such as mistreating employees in more than one third of Nike’s south Asian plants. There were also reports claiming most of the factories in the same region didn’t allow access to toilet or to drink water. And in some factories the workers were forced to work all seven days of the week. They were also paid below the minimum and were also punished if they refused to work overtime. They wanted to reconstruct the signals being given out so that they could be sustainable as well as profitable. 2) Discuss the meaning and implications of the statement by a Nike representative that “Consumers are not rewarding us for investments in improved social performance in supply chains.” * Nike started to build the best possible environment in the market by changing the system for upgrades which will help in bringing more customers and also brings more feedbacks from them to run the business more smoothly and can even go farther. 3) What does it mean to have industry...
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...Thinking, viewed 5 September 2012, http://youtu.be/pEIXE9DI9e4.) System thinking is useful to global supply chains because it is an approach to problem solving, by viewing “problems” as parts of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific part, outcomes or events and potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences. System thinking is not one thing but a set of habits or practices within a framework that is based on the belief that the component parts of a system can be best understood in the context of relationships with each other and with other systems, rather than in isolation.() The company that this analysis will focus on is Coca Cola company, in particular it will focus of the challenges they face in globalisation, industry specific challenges, some risk and failure points, system thinking and the product life cycle. The coca cola enterprise is a globalised company with an iconic brand name that is known around the world. It is a global business with “17 manufacturing facilities spread out around the world, it produces 11 million bottles and cans per year and employs over 13,500 employees”.(http://cokecce.com) The risk associated with globalisation can be broken down in four sections. Supply, demand, operational and security risks. (metzgar ) states “Supply risk which is the distribution of outcomes related to adverse events in inbound supply that effect the ability of the focal firm to meet customer demand ( in terms of both quantity and...
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...Business as Usual is Not an Option Supply Chains and Sourcing after Rana Plaza Sarah Labowitz and Dorothée Baumann-Pauly April 2014 About the Center for Business and Human Rights at New York University Stern School of Business “At NYU Stern, we develop people and ideas that transform the challenges of the 21st century into opportunities to create value for business and society. Our Center for Business and Human Rights is the embodiment of that mission. By creating a safe haven for open dialogue and convening relevant voices for discussion around practical solutions to some of the world’s most pressing problems, the Center, and by extension this report, demonstrate that profit and principle can co-exist. ” –Peter Henry, Dean NYU Stern School of Business Dean Henry launched the Center for Business and Human Rights in March 2013 with a strong belief in the power of business to create positive change in society. In that spirit, the Center’s mission is to challenge and empower businesses to make practical progress on human rights in their own operations. It is the first center to focus on human rights as an integral part of a business school. We start from the premise that business can and does work for the good of society. We support the goal of business to create value while emphasizing high standards for human rights performance. Each year, we take on a major project around a set of human rights challenges in a sector that is of foremost concern for companies, consumers...
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...Chapter 2 Case Study 1. Corporate Social Responsibility challenges that companies in the apparel industry face in its supply chains around the world: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a subject of increasing significance. Companies are usually faced with the benefits versus harm created by their operations around the world. In spite of the benefits a company may enjoy in their business venture, there are several social downfalls that they need to take responsibility for. Such downfalls include but are not limited to, lack of equality, employee safety & welfare, both of the home countries and the host countries. The opening profile highlighted the subcontracting of child labor by Primark. The case study highlighted the issue of work treatment & conditions by Nike. In addition, workers were underpaid & punished for refusing overtime. At this level, the ethicality of the companies are being challenged, with varying legal and cultural limits across borders. The main question a company should answer is how should their ethical standard be based? Should it based on the home country or the host country or can it be reconciled? If the company ignores its ethical responsibility to workers, how will that affect production and sales? Association in unethical business operations can be quite disastrous to companies. Another ethically challenging aspect is that companies are also limited by jurisdiction. In the instance of the host country, legislations may...
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...This paper described the methods of SWOT analysis and Value Chain Analysis. SWOT analysis was presented as a technique for assessing the fit of a business within its operational environment by looking at the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Comparing a competitor’s SWOT analysis with one’s own can reveal insight into where competitors are stronger and weaker and guide strategic decisions. The Value Chain Analysis was presented as a technique to identify which activities can create or improve economic advantage for a company. Using the value chain analysis within a competitive intelligence framework, a company can get insight into competitors’ cost structure and differentiation strategy as well as changes to these strategies. One can then compare the competitor’s value chain analysis with its own to discover opportunities for acquisition or where improvements within the value chain can be completed. Finally, both methods were used within an intelligence project to analyze RIM and provide recommendations to Alpha. Add real value Dedication, determination and attention to detail are hallmarks of RIM Global Manufacturing. It is comprised of a number of teams, ultimately responsible for the effective and timely manufacture, assembly, repair and delivery of the company’s products, supporting our customers around the world. Using cutting-edge technology and equipment, our state-of-the-art manufacturing facility is located in Waterloo, Canada, and is fully carpeted and...
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...Masters of rural markets: Accenture Research Report The Hallmarks of High Performance Contents Foreword: Unleashing India’s rural multiplier effect Growing business confidence in rural opportunities The attractions and distractions of rural markets 03 05 09 Distinctive capabilities that enable 15 companies to succeed in India’s hinterland Framework factors critical to nurturing distinctive capabilities Developing the right capabilities—and acting on them Last word 28 29 31 2 Foreword Unleashing India’s rural multiplier effect But rural India’s contributions to the nation’s economic success—and the obvious potential for profitable growth—is just a part of the promise of wholehearted commitment to doing business beyond the city centers and suburbs. India’s rural markets offer unprecedented opportunities for global and local companies to experiment with approaches and business models, which if successful, may be replicated in rural markets of other emerging economies. India is on the march. Its momentum is not only evident in metros— it is apparent in small towns and villages as well. Collectively, all over India’s rural heartland and in its teeming cities, India is readying for an even more impressive era of economic growth. There is no question that India’s rural markets are becoming a powerful economic engine. One telltale sign: rural accounts now comprise over 50 percent of new subscribers for some of the leading telecom providers.1 The rural multiplier...
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...dynamic environment which academics term as resource based view of the firm (RBV). The RBV analysis assumes that both resources and capabilities are important for better performance and explains why some firms perform better than others in an industry. Using RBV as a framework this essay aims to examine how ZARA generates sustainable competitive advantage. (Opening is good, you have been able to introduce theory that would be discussed the essay). “A fast fashion system combines quick response production capabilities with enhanced product design capabilities to both design latest products that capture the latest consumer trends and exploit minimal production lead times to match supply with uncertain demand” (Cachon and Swinney, 2011). Fast fashion is widely gaining recognition as being a key enabler for success for modern fashion retailers (Barnes and Lea-Greenwood, 2006). Fashion retailers such as ZARA, H&M and Benetton have adopted this strategy in order to enhance its business system and gain competitive advantage. ZARA was established in 1975 and is the flagship of Inditex (Industria de Disen˜o Textil) of Spain. In a relatively short span of time, ZARA became the largest and most internationalized of Inditex’s chains. At the end of 2001, it was operating in 507...
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