...our society. I. Interconnectivity – more connected to other people. Interconnectivity brings about communication and connection amongst people from different nations. II. Interdependence- we depend on other countries for food, resources and techonology etc. III. Globalization is brought about by the elimination of barriers * Physical barriers such as oceans, by building bridges from one side to another. Mountains; drilling through. (E.g Construction of Suez Canal so that ships can pass through to transport goods instead of travelling along the The Cape of Good Hope) * Non-physical barriers. With the introduction of World Wide Web, mobile phones and emails, it is easier to communicate with a person across the Earth. Inventions such as aircraft and modern ships make one easier to get to another country. Such technology makes the World ‘smaller’. Social and cultural aspects of Globalization Social Statistics have shown that people are travelling out of their homelands to study, live and work. This is due to the increased and improved transportation networks that make it easier for people to travel to a foreign place. More opportunities are opened up to people around the world. One is no longer limited only to the opportunities available in cities which he/she is borne in. * UN statistics * 1990: 26 million international migrants * 2005: 191 million international migrants * 2009: 354 million international migrants Cultural * Increase connectivity...
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...The history of the world is the history of humanity, beginning with the Paleolithic Era. Distinct from the history of Planet Earth (which includes early geologic history and prehuman biological eras), world history comprises the study of archeological and written records, from ancient times on. Ancient recorded history begins with the invention of writing.[1][2] However, the roots of civilization reach back to the period before the invention of writing. Prehistory begins in the Paleolithic Era, or "Early Stone Age," which is followed by the Neolithic Era, or New Stone Age, and the Agricultural Revolution (between 8000 and 5000 BCE) in the Fertile Crescent. The Neolithic Revolution marked a change in human history, as humans began the systematic husbandry of plants and animals.[3][4][5] Agriculture advanced, and most humans transitioned from a nomadic to a settled lifestyle as farmers in permanent settlements. Nomadism continued in some locations, especially in isolated regions with few domesticable plant species;[6] but the relative security and increased productivity provided by farming allowed human communities to expand into increasingly larger units, fostered by advances in transportation. World population[7] from 10,000 BCE to 2,000 CE. The vertical (population) scale is logarithmic. As farming developed, grain agriculture became more sophisticated and prompted a division of labor to store food between growing seasons. Labor divisions then led to the rise of a leisured...
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...technology. Evolution of Weaving No one knows exactly when weaving was first developed, but the history of weaving can be surmised from ancient woven artifacts. It's known that weaving came about thanks to the boundless creativity of mankind to fulfill a need over 9,000 years ago. 6000 years ago, Egyptians began making woven fabrics while Chinese made fine fabrics from silk over 4000 years ago. Then, in the 3rd century, a shedding mechanism was originally invented in China and introduced in Europe Although weaving sprang up independently in different parts of the world and was early known in Europe, its high development there in the Middle Ages was brought about by Eastern influences operating through Muslim and Byzantine channels of culture. Byzantium became a center of silk weaving in the 6th cent. In the 9th century, Greece, Italy, and Spain became proficient. In Flanders a high degree of skill was attained by the 10th cent., especially in the weaving of wool. Flemish weavers brought to England by William the Conqueror and later by Queen Elizabeth I gave a great impetus to the craft there, and Lancashire became an important center. Tapestry weaving was brought to a high art in France. In colonial America weaving was a household industry allied with agriculture. Completed wooden hand looms were used as standard designs in England in the 12th century. During the past 850 years, the design and performance of looms...
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...Marconi’s morse code message across the Atlantic Ocean was the first notable achievement in long distance radio transmission. Marconi sent his message from Cornwall, England to Newfoundland, Canada disproving allegations that radio transmission was limited to two hundred miles because of the earth’s circular shape. Marconi proved that development of radio was possible on a worldwide scale. The audion by Lee De Forest was an invention that strengthened the performance of the radio. De Forest's’ creation was a vacuum tube device that could amplify weak radio reception into a strong signal. In 1912, De Forest developed a regenerative circuit that could heighten the output levels of radios. However, De Forest did not realize the potential of his invention and was forced to file legal action to patent his invention. Despite, winning rights De Forest was never acknowledged by the radio industry for his invention. De Forest also developed phonofilm, being able to record sound while taking film. This invention resulted in the ability to watch movies with sound. The invention of AM and FM radio by Edwin Armstrong increased the efficiency of radios. Despite controversy regarding the sole inventor of the regenerative circuit, Armstrong invented a device that could produce radio waves called amplitude modulation or AM. Additionally, in order to eliminate radio static, Armstrong invented frequency modulation or FM. Frequency modulation allowed for the much better quality sound to be heard on the radio...
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...History of Religion The history of religion refers to the written record of human religious experiences and ideas. The religious history began with the invention of writing about 5,000 years ago in the Near East. It was interesting to find out that prehistory of religion relates to a study of religious beliefs that existed prior to the advent of written records. It is interesting to note that the Religions were divided into stages of progression from simple to complex societies such as polytheistic to monotheistic. However, there are now claimed "that religion evolved from polytheism to monotheism has now been discredited" (p. 1763, Man, Myth & Magic, 1995) Value of Religion Organized religion emerged as a means of providing social and economic stability to large populations through the following ways: 1.) Organized religion served to justify the central authority, which in turn possessed the right to collect taxes in return for providing social and security services to the state. Example the empires of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia were theocracies’s. 2.) Organized religion emerged as means of maintaining peace between unrelated individuals (Armstrong, 1994). Neolithic Religions Humans used to live a nomadic and hunter gatherer lifestyle. We can say here that Neolithic period started when humans gave up their nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyles in order to begin farming. As a result, States and Empires resulted in more specialized and developed forms of religion that...
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...the Middle East contain the greater impact. Although most people would assume that the Americans are more sensitive to technological improvements because they have more money and live in a more powerful region, these people misinterpret the fact that Middle Easterners are indeed able to benefit from these improvements as well. Technological advances can have a very big impact on the lifestyles of students in the United States and the Middle East. They are able to give students access to the world wide web, contain better school supplies, achieve more success in school, etc. Experts such as Samuel P. Huntington, Pankaj Ghemawat, and Bill Maher believe that the U.S. students will receive the larger influence from technological advancements such as computer technology and new inventions that could help out everyday lifestyle. Huntington thinks that the United States has more money. With this money, comes the opportunity to have all of these new advancements, therefore stating that U.S. students will have more of these advances than students in the Middle East and be able to gain a far greater impact from them. Ghemawat is an Internet based expert. With his knowledge of the Internet, he knows that students in the...
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...The people of ancient Greece lived nearly 4,000 years ago. Yet even today, their culture impacts our lives! We received many gifts from the ancient Greeks. Ancient Greek Inventions are in fact the original concepts of some of our most well known products, to this day. Those original concepts have just taken on a more modern form. OLYMPICS: The first Olympics games are usually given the start year of 776 BCE, but they probably began even sooner. The ancient Greeks loved competitions of all sorts, especially sporting competitions. The Olympics were not the onlycompetition games held in ancient Greece, but they were the most popular. The Greeks took the Olympic games quite seriously. Nearly all the ancient Greek cities sent teams to participate in the ancient Greek Olympics. If two or more Greek city-states happen to be at war with each other when the game date arrived, war was halted for the duration of the games. Everyone wanted their city-state to win! Sciences Greece has importantly influenced the Western science in many ways. The Ancient Greeks especially contributed many things to the scientific world, from medicine to astronomy. The most famous ancient Greek scientists and their work are briefly described below. Thales of Miletus (640-610 to ca 548-545 BC) had travelled widely in quest of knowledge, visiting Crete, Phoenicia, and Egypt. Ηe brought Phoenician navigational techniques into Miletus. Thales is also said to have tried to revise the calendar. He also...
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...and for good reason- its a very simple process. Ceramics are made from clay (or a mixture of clay and other materials) that is shaped into a desired form then heated. Almost all developed cultures have known this recipe for thousands of years and each has established a long history of ceramic arts. Through the millennia, these different cultures have taken the rather simple process and adapted it to their own taste while also assimilating foreign influences imported through intercontinental trade and migrations. The result is an art form that is universally popular, yet regionally unique. The oldest examples of ceramic pottery date back past 10,000 BC and come from southern China and Japan. These early pots were made through the “coiling” method, a technique that required the clay to be worked into a long string which was wound round onto itself to form walls that could then be molded smooth. This process was independently developed by cultures across the world but was eventually replaced by the potter’s wheel after its invention in Mesopotamia around 4,000 BC. Thanks to the potter’s wheel, from 900 to 500 B.C. ceramic pottery was widely implemented throughout Ancient Greece, most commonly in the form of decoratively painted vases. While Greek vases typically depicted a scene or story drawn on the exterior, their interior served a variety of purposes; from small jugs used to store and transport goods to large kraters that were used to dilute wine in. Compared to the Greeks...
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...KABARAK UNIVERSITY BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS 1. Kenya’s court system. a. the court of appeal this is the highest court in Kenya with the function of hearing appeals from the high court in certain matters. b. the high court this is the second in hierarchy. Hears both criminal & civil matters. it has specialized divisions:- - family divisions - criminal divisions - civil divisions - commercial division - constitutional& judicial review divisions. Appeals from various administrative bodies & subordinate courts are heard and determined by the high court. c. magistrate’s court handle civil & criminal matters depending on the rank of the magistrate. the hierarchy of magistrates is:- 1. chief magistrate 2. senior principal magistrate 3. principal magistrate 4. senior resident magistrate 5. resident magistrate 6. district magistrate d. specialized courts children’s court – this deals with matters relating to children e.g. parental responsibility , custody, guardianship, protection of children, foster care, child offenders. Anticorruption courts which deal with the matters relating to corruption & integrity. e. tribunal tribunals are made by the parliament to deal with disputes that arise in the course of the regulation & administration of certain matters. Common tribunals are:- 1. industrial courts Deals with labour disputes. 2. land disputes tribunals Deals with disputes relating...
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...THE ENLIGHTENMENT AND ITS DISCONTENTS Antinomies of Christianity, Islam and the calculative sciences In my point of view, the main concern of this paper is about the role of ideology in retarding or advancing the Enlightenment project. Which the ideologies itself in this case are Christianity, Islam, and accounting as a calculative science because each constitute a social ideology where they are systems of belief that inform conduct in everyday life. And what is Enlightenment itself? From the explanation of Kant, “Enlightenment is the liberation of man from his self-caused state of minority. Minority is incapacity of using one understands without the direction of another. This state of minority is self-caused when its source lies not in a lack of understanding but in a lack of determination and courage to use it without the assistance of another. Dare to use your own understanding.” From the Christian dialectic, human Enlightenment decline. It is characterized by the existence of a war against the accumulation of wealth, which is considered as an obstacle to the development of capitalism. In catholic paternalism, it is seen the pressure internally and externally. Internally, there was hypocrisy of economic in the body of the Church, where they prohibit lending practices and interest rates, but the Church itself there is excess wealth. Externally, the secularization of Church function in the form of God monarchy or God monopoly, faced with land acquisition monarchy that...
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...modernization has had on the many ways of life. Improved economic situations and governments, advancements in technology and travel, improvements in health care and the control of disease, and the improved methods of communication and obtaining information. With all these advances available to hopefully enrich lives, it is no wonder that many believe that these same elements should exist in every part of the world. Globalization and modernization have been a part of the world’s history for centuries, and can be considered both good and bad, depending of how one would want to choose to live their own life. In most of the world, globalization and modernization mostly seem to be a part of history, of how that part of world changed with the inventions of new technology, and ideas. In some countries, change was not wanted or needed, but rather imposed, mostly by conquering forces that desired control of the land for economic gain. The impact of globalization and modernization are more evidently seen when analyzing native non-western cultures that seem to be trying to hold on to the values and traditions of their past, whilst also engaging in the activities more typical of western culture. Somalia, situated in the Horn of Africa, is an example of how a native non-Western culture has been impacted by globalization and modernization. With its proximity to the Middle East and North Africa, Somalia was a center for commerce, trading in frankincense, myrrh and spices with many ancient...
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...of years and involved many different cultures and regions. As civilization evolved different cultures naturally had an impact on one another. The Hebrews, Greeks and Romans did just this, influence one another and these influences carried on to life, as it is known today. From 1500-900 B.C. the Hebrews proved to be a pliable society who endured very hard times coming out with their culture relatively unbroken. The Hebrews were known for their cultural and spiritual laws, rules and morals. The ancient world was a harsh place to thrive and within the harshness they introduced morality and justice. Their belief in one god and their god is something that has extended over hundreds of years and continues into today’s culture. The nucleus of the Hebrew legal belief is found in the Ten Commandments, which is found in the bible. The Bible has had the greatest single influence on religion, ethics, and literature of the West. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all rooted in the scriptures of the Hebrews. Christianity evolved out of Judaism. Jesus and his early followers were Jews, and probably considered themselves Jewish reformers rather than founders of a new religion. The Christian Bible incorporated the Jewish Bible, so the bulk of Christianity's most sacred writings are Jewish as well. Muslims also regard the Jewish and Christian scriptures as important, and many passages in the Qur'an resemble passages in the Bible. The Hebrews did not only begin having an impact hundreds of years...
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...Discuss the rise of imperialism in India, with special reference to the establishment of British colonial rule in the subcontinent. Why did the British succeed while other empires failed? • Imperialism is when a country dominates another country politically, economically, culturally, etc. o And for the British this was the bigger picture that they had in mind for India. • The British succeeded in India because: o Disunity among Indian princely states. India was more a collection of militaristic princely states. The British successfully used this to play off one state against another. Clive succeeded at Plassey, because Mir Jaffar was willing to betray his master Siraj-Ud-Daulah in lie of being the Nawab. Mir Jaffar himself, was betrayed by Mir Qasim later on. o Superiority over other colonial powers. The other colonial powers in India competing for the share of resources were France, Portugal, Denmark, and Holland. Of the 4, Denmark and Holland could never really be serious competitors to the British. The battle of Amboyna happened in 1623 and this left the Dutch in South East Asia while the British had South Asia. o Portugal focused primarily on the Western coast, Goa, parts of Kerala, Karnataka, and this left the British with vast swathes of unoccupied territory. o France as the major contender to Britian in the race for colonialism. The British Army was more well equipped, more professional, more disciplined compared to the French army, suffering from indiscipline...
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...in this assighnment i will talking about different types of market structers including monoply,oligoply,monopolistic and perfect compotition and how they have a direct relationship with pricing and output decisions the other subjects i will talk about and demonstrate examples are culture and its meaning and how it effects market desicions ,internatinal trade and the importence of it to buisneses i will talk about political ,economical social technecoligcal also known as pest for short i will talk about the europeon union and the impact it does on uk and its buisnesses. market structures are: the number of agents in the market, both sellers and buyers; their relative negotiation strength, in terms of ability to set prices; the degree of concentration among them; the degree of differentiation and uniqueness of products; and the ease, or not, of entering and exiting the market. the common market structers are Monopoly: are Companies which are goverment owned or when a single company or group owns all or most of all the market for a given product or service.entry for other players are not allowed or have very high barriers. example in the us for microsoft is a monoply becuase it owns all or most of the software market and has a high barrier to gain entry into the market. Oligopoly:the Uk and other countries the people buy their food from different franchises for example mcdonalds,kfc,pizza hut and nandos etc. in this structure the buyers are many, sellers are few, and competition...
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...Part 1 -- The History of China Before we discuss individual technological developments, you should read the following three essays that will give you a historic context for these developments. Concise Political History of China, an online article by Paul Halsall compiled from Compton's Living Encyclopedia on America Online, http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/texts/chinhist.html Chinese Periodization in Light of Economic Developments by Paul Halsall, http://www.mastep.sjsu.edu/history_of_tech/chinese_chronology.htm China, Technology and Change, an article by Lynda Shaffer, from the World History Bulletin, Fall/Winter, 1986/87, http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/texts/shaffer.html China's Gifts to the West by Professor Derk Bodde, for the Committee on Asiatic Studies in American Education Reprinted with permission in China: A Teaching Workbook, Asia for Educators, Columbia University, http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/readings/inventions_gifts.htm Part 2 - Science and Technology in China Science in China has a long history and developed quite independently of Western science. Needham (1993) has researched widely on the development of science and technologies in China, the effect of culture, and the transference of these principles, unacknowledged, to the West. The Chinese contribution to Western science is particularly interesting because it serves...
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