The Influenza Virus & Vaccine Efficacy
Amy Snyder
Bryant & Stratton College
Microbiology
Shane Wesener
6 November 2014

Abstract: Why is the flu vaccine so controversial? There always seems to be two strong, opposing sides in terms of its efficacy or safety, separated by innumerable studies that range from black and white, to grey area conclusions. Worldwide, the influenza virus is often associated with serious health events, and immunizations are considered a key component in preventing a majority of these consequences. With this year’s flu season in full swing, the influenza vaccine is available in nearly every pharmacy, hospital, and clinic, yet many people wonder if the flu shot is a good choice for them.
Introduction:
The influenza virus (the flu) is an acute, infectious, respiratory disease that’s caused by an orthmyxovirus, and consists of three main strains of the virus: A, B, and C, with two types of A and one of B being the cause of most of the accounted for flu. It infects the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, where the effected cells die in part from the direct effects of the virus, and also because of the body’s interferon system, which may play a role in decreasing the production of the virus (Hunt, 2010, recovery, p 1). Outbreaks usually occur in colder climates, and is spread by person to person contact, fomites, or aerosol particles (Hunt, M., 2010, Virology). Symptoms of the flu experienced by most of the population range from body aches, sore throat, a cough, or a fever, but in some, the symptoms and repercussions may be more serious, with complications of pneumonia or infection leading to death. Those who are most at risk for any flu related complications are those with weakened or compromised immune systems, such as children, pregnant women, seniors, those with health conditions or disabilities, and even