...__________________________________ ID_________________ Lecture Section ___________ Lab Section ____________ Our next writing goal is to consider some of the important aspects of scientific writing. Writing in the sciences is quite different from writing in other subject areas, just as writing in college is different from writing in high school. While much of what you are taught in composition and writing courses will always be important, such as using proper grammar and spelling, writing clearly, presenting ideas in a logical sequence, and constructing paragraphs that are focused, the writing styles that might work well in your other classes will unfortunately work against you in your science courses and in any scientific profession. Consider the following introductory paragraphs, written for a nutrition class (the title and author’s name have been changed: 1) Should students eat breakfast? by Richard Lee You may wonder if all meals are created equal. I used to too. A lot of people, especially young people, go through the day without having breakfast. Many people believe that it is not necessary, or they say that they don’t have time for that, and begin their day with no meal. I now believe that everyone should eat breakfast before going to their activities. The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of breakfast, especially for students. One reason for eating breakfast is because you need food for to do well in your classes. Your body and your...
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...The Scientific Method Ashley Burrell SCI/230 07/28/2013 Dawn Gleason The Scientific Method This paper seeks to explain what the scientific method is and exactly how it is used or can be used on an everyday basis. The scientific method is a method often used to help a person or a group logically or rationally draw a conclusions about an in particular subject or topic. The scientific method is not just used by scientists, but is also used by many others such as historians, criminal investigators, doctors, engineers, and anyone else who is trying to intelligently solve some sort of problem. One thing to understand about the scientific method is that it can’t be used to answer every question or solve every problem a person may be having, but it can be used as a way to solve many problems such as how to get a car started or how to stop the roof from leaking when it rains. The objective of this paper is to define what the scientific method is and to explain what steps are used to problem solving. According to the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language the scientific method is defined as “The principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration considered characteristic of or necessary for scientific investigation, generally involving the observation of phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis concerning the phenomena, experimentation to demonstrate the truth or falseness of the hypothesis, and a conclusion that validates or modifies the hypothesis...
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...HOW TO WRITE AN EFFECTIVE RESEARCH PAPER • Getting ready with data • First draft • Structure of a scientific paper • Selecting a journal • Submission • Revision and galley proof Disclaimer: The suggestions and remarks in this presentation are based on personal research experience. Research practices and approaches vary. Exercise your own judgment regarding the suitability of the content. –P. Kamat Getting ready with data Gather all important data, analyses, plots and tables Organize results so that they follow a logical sequence (this may or may not be in the order of experiments conducted) Consolidate data plots and create figures for the manuscript (Limit the number of total figures (6-8 is usually a good number). Include additional data, multimedia in the Supporting Information.) Discuss the data with your advisor and note down important points Important: KNOW the focus of your paper It takes a wise man to know whether he has found a ROPE or LOST A MULE. - Anonymous quote ? First draft Identify two or three important findings emerging from the experiments. Make them the central theme of the article. Note good and bad writing styles in the literature. Some are simple and easy to follow, some are just too complex. Note the readership of the journal that you are considering to publish your work Prepare figures, schemes and tables in a professional manner (Pay attention to quantification of data accuracy, significant digits, error bars...
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...ABOUT MY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND PROSPECT OF MY SCIENTIFIC CAREER Firstly I want to introduce myself. I’m E. Suvd. I graduated from Mongolian University of Science and Technology in 2006 and got my bachelor degree in an engineer of gas supply and transmission but after I acquired to specialize in engineering teacher. Now I’m the first year postgraduate student of Novosibirsk State Technical University. I study at the faculty of Humanities, at the department of Psychology and Pedagogy. In the course of my postgraduate studies I’m to take candidate examinations in Philosophy, English and the special subject. That is why I attend courses of English and Philosophy. I’m sure the knowledge of English and Philosophy will help me in my research. I think what science can answer any question we have about the universe, while scientific research allows us to follow our interests, to learn something new, to give our problem solving skill. Therefore, learning to do scientific research is very important but hard. Every field of study has its own research problems and methods. After I got my master degree, I started to be interested scientific research. For this reason I enrolled to postgraduate course. I’m doing research in the field of pedagogy. My scientific research is devoted to the theory of value and engineering education in Mongolia. My dissertation topic is “Axiological aspect of engineering education in Mongolia”. I was interested in this problem when I was worked in the field...
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...The point of writing a scientific paper is to communicate the findings and significance of your research. Always envision yourself writing to a reader who (a) isn't familiar with your study area, samples, or methods, (b) may be (and as a scientist should be) skeptical of the claims you are making, and (c) probably has more pressing things to do with their time and so will skip your article unless you persuade him or her of its clarity and significance. No one will be obligated to read your paper, so you have to persuade them to start reading, and you have to write clearly enough that they keep reading. (W2) The Introduction. The purpose of the introduction is to tell the reader what the paper is about and, more importantly, to justify to the reader why the paper is significant. If a "previous work" section is included here or elsewhere, its goal should be to show how your paper is an advance or improvement on previous work. A section on "previous work" that just shows that the author did his or her time in the library will be skipped or will make the reader quit reading entirely. After justifying interest in the topic, don't be afraid to use a sentence that begins "This paper uses/examines/reports . . .", because telling the reader what the paper is about is also one of the main goals of the introduction. This sentence may end with a clause that begins "in order to . . ." or "as a contribution to . . .", so that you also tell the reader what your goal is with respect...
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...Victoria Morgan English Composition 101-3716 Dr. Hernandez 11/24/2014 Rhetorical Analysis of Dave Chappelle’s Stand-up and Maida Galvez’s Research Paper Insufficient intake of healthful food and consequences is a topic of many academic and non-academic talks. Whether authors are writing to share information with readers, like a group of researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine, or tell an amusing story, like Dave Chappelle in his standup routine, they make appeals to emotions, authority, or logic to persuade the audience. The choice of persuasive strategies depends on the author’s purpose and expectations of the intended audience. In the article, Race and Food Availability in an Inner-city Neighborhood, first published online in 15 October 2007, a group of researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine argues that the availability and price of quality foods in grocery stores varies from neighborhood to neighborhood. Conducting a walking survey of food options in East Harlem, NY, they came to conclusion that low-income areas, minority communities, are dominated by fast food restaurants and small stores offering limited selections of healthful foods, when Caucasian neighborhoods are located in close proximity to full-service restaurants and grocery stores offering wide selection of foods. Researchers believe that this food disparities have “implications for racial/ethnic differences in dietary quality, obesity and obesity-related disorders” (Galvez et al. 624). ...
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... 1 Thinking and Decision Making Paper Learning Team B MGT/350 Critical Thinking: Strategies in Decision Making Donna Rumrill, Eboni High, Portia Mack, Wesley Wendtland February 12, 2012 Instructor Michelle Malone Thinking and Decision Making 2 Decisions will have to be made as people go through life. In some cases, our decisions are big and then there are some cases where our decisions are small. When making decisions, there is a process that a person goes through. There are different types of thinking styles and thought processes. The way someone feels, believes, attitude, and associate ideas can contribute to their thinking style. There are numerous thinking styles and methods of thinking which usually makes thought processes individualized to where people think and make decisions differently. This paper will discuss and analyze three different types of thinking styles. The thinking styles that will be discussed in this paper are the persuasive, scientific and the pessimistic thinking style. This paper will compare and contrast the three different styles and discuss how each affects the critical thinking process. This paper will also incorporate critical thinking to the decision making process by including the discussion on workplace examples that involve the three different types of thinking styles. Scientific thinking is a type of inductive thinking that moves...
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...Scientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry Thomas J. Tophia Jr. BSHS/435 May 26, 2016 Dr. Judith A. Geske Scientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry This paper will define and describe the scientific method and the steps in scientific inquiry. This paper will further explain what the steps are in the scientific method of inquiry or research process and why each of these steps must be included to support the scientific method. Further the paper will briefly discuss how the scientific method was applied in the article “Faculty Beliefs, Perceptions, and Level of Community Involvement in Their Research: A Survey at One Urban Academic Institution”. Lastly the paper will summarize how scientifically sound research supports the function of a human service manager. Scientific Method The scientific method can be defined as a method that is used for research and study and involves “identifying a problem that defines the goal of research, make a prediction that, if confirmed, resolves the problem, gather data relevant to this prediction, analyze and interpret the data to see if it supports the prediction and resolves the question that initiated the research.” (Monette, Sullivan, & DeJong, 2011) These steps now provide the foundation for education research according to, “Monette, Sullivan, & DeJong, 2011”. The scientific method can help produce the right answers to questions that cannot be answered with common sense alone. Researchers can use...
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...Over the past thousands of years natural science has been the focal point of scientific research, drawing in the world’s greatest minds as they attempt to solve the most puzzling and intriguing of questions. One such mind is Newton, who’s simple observations of an apple falling from a tree led to the recognition of one of the most remarkable scientific breakthroughs of our millennium, gravity. However, another field of science has emerged in recent times, the field of the humanistic sciences. While natural sciences concentrate on chemistry, physics, and biology, human sciences surround history, economics, anthropology, and psychology. However, as these fields attempt to answer age-old questions concerning human behaviour, and the laws of the world, it is easy to wonder to what extent we can accept their discoveries as fact. Furthermore, what causes these scientific fields to be so intuitively appealing? Finally, as the majority of research performed in both fields relies on observation, to what extent can we trust observations utilizing sense perception? And what are the limitations of this trust in our human sense perception? Despite these several questions, the natural sciences serves a significantly more convincing field than human sciences, as more scientific research can be validated and accepted as truth. Furthermore, the human sciences relies almost solely off perception of past events, or behaviour, which can be contorted by bias, as well as several other limiting factors...
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...Scientific Management - Scientific Management This essay will critically evaluate the scientific management’s importance and its contribution in the current management context. In this era of rapid economic development and industrial expansion of different nations, scientific management has enabled every nation to be involved in this global market. Scientific management is the theory which serves as the ‘backbone’ to many current management theories. Scientific management will be briefly described initially. After that, the essay will identify why scientific management is an important contribution to management theory when Frederick Taylor proposed it.... [tags: Business Employee Management] 1639 words (4.7 pages) $19.95 [preview] Scientific Management - Scientific Management Fredrick Taylor, the father of scientific management. He had a firm belief in "one best way" (Samson & Daft, 2003), of doing something. In the year 1899, Taylor held an experiment that involved German and Hungarian men, whose job involved some very heavy-duty work (Gabor, 2000). To his disappointment, men either refused to work, or wouldn't work to his expectations. The men hated him utterly; to the extent he required security when going home (Gabor, 2000). In his entire dilemma with his employers, in stepped Schmidt, a man not of intelligence but had the strength of a bull and an ox-like mentally required to reach the standards of Fredrick Taylor.... [tags: Taylorism Business Management Essays] ...
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...personalized medicine for humans * Gene therapy Write a four to six (4 to 6) page paper on your chosen topic. Organize your paper into sections corresponding to the following requirements: 1. Biological basis. Describe the technology. Discuss what it accomplishes. Elaborate on the scientific principles that make this technology possible. Your goal in this section of the paper is to show the instructor that you understand the underlying science behind the technology. Describe how exactly the technology works. Discuss the biological principles that underlie this technology. 2. Social and ethical implications. Without disclosing your personal view about this technology, provide an analysis of its social and ethical implications. State the ethical concerns apparent in the use of this technology. Discuss the benefits and risks. Your goal in this section is to look at all sides of the issue. In the next section, you will give your opinion. 3. Personal viewpoint. In the previous section, your goal was to be as objective as possible, to look at all sides of the issues. In this section, your goals are to give a personal opinion about the technology and provide a justification of that opinion. 4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment, in addition to the course text. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources. The body of the paper must have in-text citations that correspond to the references. Integrate all...
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...For my first artifact, I wrote an argumentative research paper over the myths associated with Pit Bulls a breed-specific legislation. This essay’s intended audience is adults who live in communities where breed-specific legislation is either in effect or in areas where they are thinking about instating it. The purpose of this artifact was to disprove the myths associated with the Pit Bull and breed-specific legislation, through the presentation of scientific evidence and expert testimonials. In order to persuade this particular audience the paper needs to contain numerous facts and statistics from various credible sources, like peer-reviewed journals, in order to persuade them into accepting facts rather than the popular myths associated with this topic. In order to create a successful argumentative research paper one must follow several rules and expectations. For example, in the introduction of the paper, the author must give the thesis, research question, or overall purpose of the paper so that the audience knows what to expect from the rest of the paper, as well as providing context and...
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...Running head: DECISION MAKING PAPER Decision Making Paper University Of Phoenix Critical Thinking: Strategies in Decision Making March 20, 2011 Decision Making Paper Critical thinking has several different ways that help one come to a decision. While you are in the process of critical thinking, you do not even realize you are going through the different processes. The fact is, you are. Logical, scientific, and persuasive thinking are the three main types of critical thinking that will be compared. The first type of critical thinking is logical thinking. Again, you do not even realize that you are in the “logic” phase at the time. Thinking just happens. According to dictionary.com, logic is, “The science that investigates the principles governing correct or reliable inference.” In laymen’s terms, this means the way you come up with a solution to a problem, the process in which you take to get from point A to point B. Logical thinking is a process that can be learned to excel in thinking skills in this area. Some are born with a stronger grasp on their logical thinking than others. An example of this is math. (“Logical Thinking,” para 5) Not everyone is good at math. Some have a hard time wrapping their brain around an equation. Others just get it. The second type of critical thinking is scientific thinking. This type of thinking is more defined, much like a scientific experiment. With an experiment, there is observations, recording, organizing...
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...TERM PAPER FOR SCIENTIFIC LITERACY, PHYS 10062. Hello Class, It is time to start thinking about the term paper, so here is the info: First, the subject: I would like you to write a paper on some scientific discovery that in your opinion had a major impact on some important aspect of everyday life. As an example, let us say that you picked the discovery of the laser. It certainly had an impact on many areas, so this would be a good choice. So how should the paper be organized and what should it contain? Let me begin with the outline of the paper that you should follow: 1. Title and author (you) 2. The paper itself. This should be divided into sections that include a. Introduction b. Body of the paper divided into sections and subsections, with subtitles) c. Conclusions 3. References (i.e., citations of literature sources that you used) The text of the paper should not be less than 8 pages, double-spaced. I encourage you to use figures to help illustrate your story. They don’t count toward the 8-page length, but will make your story clearer. Remember: a picture is worth 700,000 words. I will let you decide what to put in what section, to describe the discovery of what you are discussing, and show why it is important in ordinary life. As an example, if I were writing about the laser, in the introduction I would describe the scientific background (optical principles) that led to its discovery. Where appropriate, you can talk about the history...
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...Writing a Concept Paper Many private foundations have always required a concept paper be submitted for review prior to the submission of a full proposal. In recent years federal and state agencies have begun to encourage the use of concept papers as a way for applicants to obtain informal feedback on their ideas and projects prior to preparing a proposal. Some of these agencies now require a concept paper be submitted as part of the formal submission process. The purpose of a concept paper, from the funding agency’s point of view, is to help applicants develop more competitive proposals and to save time by eliminating proposals that are not likely to be funded. The applicant’s purpose in developing a concept paper is to capture the interest of the funding agency and demonstrate that the idea they are proposing is worthy of further consideration. Therefore, the first sentences of a concept paper are very important. You want the funding agency representatives or board members to continue reading! The first section (Introduction) should include some information about the funding agency. You need to demonstrate that you have done your homework and understand the mission of the funding agency and the types of projects that they support. Then you need to identify the agency you represent and how the missions of your agency and the funding agency mesh. Describe any partner agencies that will be involved and their interest in the project. Next describe the question, problem...
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