...Homemade Batteries Homemade batteries are a popular subject with my readers. Making electricity from things you find around the house is a fun project. There are lots of easy ways to make homemade batteries. Basically, any two different kinds of metal can be placed in a conducting solution and you get a battery. Familiar homemade batteries include sticking copper and zinc strips into a lemon or a potato to make a battery. One quick battery is made from a soda can, the soda from the can, and some copper. Click on image for a larger picture The photo above shows a battery made by placing a strip of copper and a strip of aluminum into a glass of Coca-Cola (I used the sugar-free cherry flavored variety because that's what I found in the refrigerator). You can make the aluminum strip by cutting open the can. You will need some sandpaper to sand off the paint and plastic coating from the aluminum before using it. Or you can get strips of aluminum already free of coatings from a hardware store, or from our catalog. You can get copper flashing from a hardware store and cut out a strip of it, or you can use a bunch of copper wire (the more surface area exposed to the liquid, the more electrical current is produced). Or, as before, you can get pre-cut strips from our catalog. The aluminum-copper-coke battery will produce about three quarters of a volt. Click on image for a larger picture Using a zinc strip instead of the aluminum produces a little over a volt in the copper-zinc-coke...
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...|Do-It-Yourself Strawberry DNA LAB | |Introduction: [pic] | |Since DNA is the blueprint for life, everything living contains DNA. DNA isolation is one of the most basic and essential | |techniques in the study of DNA. The extraction of DNA from cells and its purification are of primary importance to the field of | |biotechnology and forensics. Extraction and purification of DNA are the first steps in the analysis and manipulation of DNA that | |allow scientists to detect genetic disorders, produce DNA fingerprints of individuals, and even create genetically engineered | |organisms that can produce beneficial products such as insulin, antibiotics, and hormones. | |DNA can be extracted from many types of cells. The first step is to lyse or break open the cell. This can be done by grinding a | |piece of tissue in a blender. After the cells have broken open, a salt solution such as NaCl and a detergent solution containing | |the compound SDS (sodiumdodecyl sulfate) is added. These solutions break down and emulsify the fat & proteins that make up a cell| |membrane. Finally, ethanol is added because DNA is soluble in water. The alcohol causes DNA to precipitate, or settle out of the | |solution, leaving behind all the cellular...
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...The Practice of Phantom Eviction Having an unwanted guest in the home is never an easy thing and something no one likes to deal with, especially when that guest is a soul stuck between the living and the dead. Recognizing the presence of a spirit, ghost, or phantom, in the home is usually hard for us to do. However, when we do come to terms with the fact that there is indeed a phantom lurking about in our home, preying on our fears, having a simple field guide to direct us is a must have, and I have provided here just such an effective tool to use along the journey of evicting any disembodied nuisance from the home. During phase one, what we need to remember is that most phantoms will not try to harm us, so being afraid and rushing to take drastic measures against the phantom is not the best initial approach. Often times, this will only make the phantom angry and cause him to become more unruly in the home. To easily rid the home of this entity, try taking a calm and passive approach. Don’t simply ask the phantom to leave because that would be too abrupt. Create a civil relationship with the phantom by respecting it’s presence even if it is not welcomed. Start by cooking something delicious every evening in your home, as if entertaining Martha Stewart. Who doesn’t love the aroma of a good pork tenderloin seasoned with salt, garlic, and sage, cooking in the oven?! Most phantoms will get the hint that they are not invited to this tasty dinner and excuse themselves from the...
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...Mia Katola Chemistry Mr. C By Mia Katola Chemistry Mr. C By Air and water Air and water questions Are Core and Extended. Contents Page Questionnumber | Core: | Page Number | 1 | Describe chemical tests for water using cobalt (2) chloride and copper (2) sulfate | Describe methods of rust prevention, specially paint and other coatings to exclude oxygen | | 2 | Describe, in outline the treatment of the water supply in terms of filtration and chlorination. | Describe the need for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium containing fertilizers | | 3 | Name some of the uses of water in the home | Describe the displacement of ammonia from its salts | | 4 | Describe the composition of clean water as being approximately 79% nitrogen, 20% oxygen and the remainder as being a mixture of noble gasses, water vapor and carbon dioxide. | State that carbon dioxide and methane are greenhouse gases and may contribute to climate change | | 5 | Name the common pollutants in the air as being carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and lead compounds | Describe the formation of carbon dioxide | | 6 | State the source of each of these pollutanatsCarbon monoxideSulfer dioxideOxides of nitrogen from car exhausts | State the sources of methane, including decomposition of vegetation and waste gases from digestion in animals | | 7 | State the adverse effect of common pollutanats on buildings and on health | Describe sacrificial protection in terms of the reactive...
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...Helping Your Child Learn Science U.S. Department of Education Margaret Spellings Secretary First published in September 1992. Revised in 2004 and 2005. This booklet is in the public domain. Authorization to reproduce it in whole or in part for educational purposes is granted. While permission to reprint this publication is not necessary, the citation should be: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Communications and Outreach, Helping Your Child Learn Science, Washington, D.C., 2005. To order copies of this publication in English or Spanish, write to: ED Pubs Education Publications Center U.S. Department of Education P.O. Box 1398 Jessup, MD 20794-1398; or fax your request to: (301) 470-1244; or e-mail your request to: edpubs@inet.ed.gov. or call in your request toll-free: 1-877-433-7827 (1-877-4-ED-PUBS). If 877 is not yet available in your area, call 1-800-872-5327 (1-800-USA-LEARN). Those who use a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) or a teletypewriter (TTY), should call 1-800-437-0833. or order online at: www.edpubs.org/webstore/Content/search.asp This publication is also available on the Department’s Web site at: www.ed.gov/parents/academic/help/hyc.html On request, this publication is available in alternate formats, such as Braille, large print, audiotape, or computer diskette. For more information, please contact the Department’s Alternate Format Center at (202) 260-9895 or (202) 205-0818. Children’s books and magazines are mentioned in this booklet...
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...stagnant basins and ponds | Heterotrophy | Image 2 | Lactobacillus | Prokaryote | Vagina and the gastrointestinal tract | Heterotrophy | Image 10 | Euglena | Eukaryote | Fresh and salt waters, abundant in quiet inland waters | Both (Mixotrophy) | Image 11 | Trypanosoma | Eukaryote | Generally found in intestine, but normally occupy the bloodstream or an intracellular environment | Heterotrophy | Image 13 | Volvox | Eukaryote | Ponds and ditches | Autotrophy | Image 4 | Radiolaria | Eukaryote | Found as zooplankton throughout the ocean and their skeletal remains | Heterotrophy | Image 1 | Amoeba | Eukaryote | Stagnant water | Heterotrophy | Image 12 | Plant cells with nucleus (chloroplasts absent) | Eukaryote | Plants | Autotrophy | List two similarities between plant cells and animal cells 1. Both plant and animal cells have a nucleus. 2. Both plant and animal cells have ribosomes, mitochondria, and a Golgi apparatus. List two differences between plant and animal cells 1. Animal cells do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts, but plant cells do. 2. Plant cells have one large central vacuole while animal cells have one or more small vacuoles. Part 2 – Diffusion and Osmosis Diffusion [4 pts] Boiling water (Right Side) | Cold water (Left Side) | * Absorbed tea bag rapidly | * Slowing...
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...Module 8: Know your drinks – hot, exotic, highball, & more * Highball and juice * A highball is the most common drink you will have to make as a bartender. A highball refers to any drink that is made up of a base of one or more liquors, with the majority of the drink consisting of mixers. * Traditionally, highballs started out as drink consisting only of one alcohol and one mixer, but the term has since expanded to include most classic mixed drinks that are meant to be served tall. * * * Alabama Slammer: This is a very common mixed orange juice drink that has a good amount of alcohol, but still tastes fruity. Recipe ½ oz. (14.78 mL) vodka ½ oz. (14.78 mL) amaretto ½ oz. (14.78 mL) Southern Comfort ½ oz. (14.78 mL) sloe gin Fill with orange juice * Bay Breeze: A bay breeze is a refreshing juice-based drink made with traditionally made with vodka (though it is sometimes made with rum, especially coconut rum). Recipe 2 oz. (59.14 mL) vodka Cranberry juice Pineapple juice Lime wedge garnish * Sea Breeze: This is a variation on the bay breeze, made with grapefruit juice instead of pineapple juice. Recipe 2 oz. (59.14 mL) vodka Cranberry juice Grapefruit juice * Bloody Mary: This is an extremely popular drink that you will mostly be asked to serve during the day or at brunch. Bloody Mary drinkers are very particular, and all have different ideas of what makes the best Bloody Mary. Experiment with your own...
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...“Get your ingredients and make some magic” those were the first words that Australian pastry chef, Adriano Zumbo said in his show “Zumbo’s just desserts”, those were the first words that inspired me to make baking be my passion project. Baking has been a therapeutic way to cope with anxiety, depression, and stress, things that I have struggled with and continue to find a healthy solution to overcome it. Baking has been a way to show self expression, mindfulness, through baking we can learn the do’s and don’ts of common mistakes people do while baking, as well as the miss trials I had while baking, and what the ingredients in a recipe really mean, as well as the quality in freshness of ingredients. This passion of mine began while watching...
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...the Sun Place a pair of binoculars in an open window in the direct path of the sun’s rays. Stand a mirror in front of one eyepiece so that it throws an image of the sun on to the opposite wall of the room. Adjust the mirror until the image is sharp, and darken the room. You would risk damaging your eyes if you looked directly at the sun through binoculars, but you can view the bright disc on the wall as large and clear as in the movies. Clouds and birds passing over can also be distinguished and. if the binoculars are good even sunspots. These are a few hot areas on the glowing sphere, some so big that many terrestrial globes could fit into them. Because of the earth’s rotation, the sun’s image moves quite quickly across the wall. Do not forget to re-align the binoculars from time to time onto the sun. The moon and stars cannot be observed in this way because the light coming from them is too weak. 2. Sun clock Place a flowerpot with a long stick fixed into the hole at the bottom in a spot, which is sunny, all day. The stick’s shadow moves along the rim of the pot as the sun moves. Each hour by the clock mark the position of the shadow on the pot. If the sun is shining, you can read off the time. Because of the rotation of the earth the sun apparently passes over us in a semi-circle. In the morning and evening its shadow strikes the pot superficially, while; it midday, around 12 o’clock, the light incidence is greatest. The shadow can be seen particularly ...
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...There are miraculous things that happen every day in people's lives, and they try to explain what happened. Some say it is luck, but others think that it is the hand of God intervening in a person's life. The same thing can be said for Louis Zamperini and his life as written in the book Unbroken. Even though Louis did not know the hand of God was at work in his life there is evidence throughout Unbroken that suggests otherwise. Louis was stationed in Hawaii at a naval base in Oahu during WW11. At the base he was assigned to the plane nicknamed “The Green Hornet”. The crew went out on a reconnaissance mission to find another plane that was downed over the Pacific ocean. While on the mission one of the engines of the Green hornet failed and...
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...Biology 2F03: Lecture 1 Chapter 2: Life on Land • • • • • • • • Labs start on the Sept 17 Why horses and cattle help restore Guanacaste forest of Costa Rica? o This forest was in decline for thousands of years, when Indians colonized central America, it caused its decline. o Its regenerated when the Europeans came with the cattle o The trees only produce a new plant after processes: the fallen fruit has to be eaten by a larger animal (mule, or horse or cow) à it has to pass through the body and ends up in a pile of fertilizer only then it can regenerate and produce a tree o Why did it evolve to be depended to this process? § There must be animals there in the past, in the past it was a camel (llama, alpaca). When the Indians came from asia (50000 years ago) these animals went extinct and the tree lost its major dispersal system What is the most obvious foundation of life on land? o Is landà soil Climate defines biomes, the ‘shapes’ of vegetation o Defines the major types of land on earth o Temperature and precipitation to be specific Soils in turn greatly affect the aspects (roots, water, nutrient) à rentention, root attachment, etc. Soil typically form layers (horizontal) retaining a range of physical and chemical layers: o Classification of soil: O= organic, A, B, C Soil horizons: description o O: organic, litter on top, fine litter deeper (gets broken down, hence fine), pollen, dead organisms o A: mineral soil, some organic matter...
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...school level and has a number of on-line tests that you can use to check your understanding of the material. Several other good internet sites are: http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistry101/Chemistry_101_Introduction_to_Chemistry.html - Chemistry 101 - a collection of articles and on-line help sites in chemistry http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/low/indexl.htm - ChemWeb on line - an introductory chemistry course on line http://library.thinkquest.org/2923/ - Chemistry Tutor – on line help for chemistry So, let’s get started. If you want to review chemistry for 8th grade, let’s consider what you will need to know. A good outline of what you need to know is given below: I. The Nature of Matter a. How do we measure matter? b. How do we classify matter? i. Elements ii. Compounds iii. Mixtures...
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...along its history; while on the other hand, the seven crowns evoke real concessions granted to the region as a sign of appreciation for the loyalty of the region. The Region of Murcia has a characteristic dialect, of Romance origin, which emerged during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with large distinct peculiarities. On one hand, we find variants that come from Arabic to Aragon, through the Andalusian romance. The most important resources of this region are quite varied. It is among the largest producers of vegetables, fruits and flowers of Europe, like wine, being Yecla the city's largest exporter. In turn, the tourism sector is of great importance in the region, as the region's coast has pristine spaces and the largest salt lake in Europe, the Mar Menor. Finally, industry production in Murcia that stand out are petro-chemical and energy (Cartagena). GOVERNMENT Transportation in Murcia is divided into air, sea and road. By air is the airport of San Javier, located in the town with the same name, and in turn are negotiating the construction of an airport in Murcia in 2030. By sea we find a large number of ports, all encompassed in the province of Cartagena, and in turn are among the towns of Aguilas, Mazarron, Cartagena and San Javier. By land, the region has a large network of...
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...People against the Earth: Cycle of melting of ice caps in the environment It is very shocking to see how many people do not have the knowledge or the interest to educate themselves about one of the biggest issues of the Earth. There are many articles about the climate change in general, but this essay will answer a question what are the effects of melting ice caps on climate change? Firstly what is global warming and what is climate change? Global warming is just the Earth’s rising surface temperature and climate change is a bigger category and global warming is one part of its category. In another words global warming is one issue of a much larger problem of human caused climate change. Both of them are a commonly talked about issue among scientists since it causes many changes in the environment including the melting of ices which has an effect on all parts of the world. Because of the sea level rising there are, even if it is not a rapid increase, many devastating effects on land habitants, and also there is a threat of the next ice age. Firstly the melting of polar ice caps can affect countries, as continents. A lot of parts of the “now known” continents would totally disappear under the ocean; which would mean that people that live there now, would lose their homes and the number of people per square foot would rise rapidly. The sunk parts of the countries would affects also the fauna and flora. It is clear that many species are dying out now and also...
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...Study Guide and Reinforcement Student Edition ips.msscience.com Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, OH 43240 ISBN 0-07-867338-0 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 045 09 08 07 06 05 04 Table of Contents Chapter 1: The Nature of Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Chapter 2: Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Chapter 3: Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table . . . . . . . . . .9 Chapter 4: States of Matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Chapter 5: Matter—Properties and Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 Chapter 6: Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonds. . . . . . . . . . .21 Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Chapter 8: Substances, Mixtures, and Solubility . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Chapter 9: Carbon Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Chapter 10: Motion and Momentum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Chapter 11: Force and Newton’s Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Chapter 12: Forces and Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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