...ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL ASSETS VALUATION WITH FAIR VALUE ACCOUNTING AND HISTORICAL COST ACCOUNTING METHOD IN PLANTATION SUBSECTOR OF INDONESIAN AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IN THE PERIOD OF 2007-2012 Karina Putri Ramadhani1 and Indra Pratama2 1 Thesis Writer, Swiss German University 2 Thesis Advisor, Swiss German University Abstract The analysis of biological assets valuation with fair value accounting and historical cost accounting method in plantation subsector of Indonesian agricultural industry, in the period of 2007-2012, tries to evaluate the relevance of historical cost towards the fair value of biological assets. It also tries to look for empirical evidence on the differences in calculations on biological assets between FVA and HCA toward company’s EBIT, net income, and potential tax liabilities. The research tests 5 companies within the plantation subsector in agricultural industry listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). This study shows that there is a strong correlation between all variables tested. Among all statistical tests conducted, all hypotheses are rejected. This study concludes that the historical value of biological assets does not represent its real fair market value, or irrelevant. Also, the change in biological assets valuation from historical cost to fair value accounting would significantly affect the company’s EBIT, tax expense, and net income. Keywords: Fair Value, Historical Cost, Agricultural Industry, Plantation, Fair Market, EBIT, Tax Expenses, Net Income...
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...Click to add text to title page ACCT3583 Management Accounting 2 ACCT3583: Seminar 1 Administration Seminar 1 – Analysing the External Environment Welcome to ACCT3583 – Management Accounting 2! We will begin with a course overview – referring to the ACCT3583 Course Outline Outline. This is an opportunity to discuss learning outcomes, assessments and general course admin., as well as providing a subject overview We will then cover Topic 1: Analysing the External Environment 2 ACCT3583 Management Accounting 2 ACCT3583 Teaching team Teaching Team Contact details Brian Burfitt (Lecturer‐in‐Charge) Yee Shih Phua ACCT3583 Teaching team Consultation Tues 10am – 12Noon Teaching Team Contact details Mark McCoy Consultation By Appointment Email: b.burfitt@unsw.edu.au Telephone: 9385 5807 Office: Quad 3081 Email: Y.Phua@unsw.edu.au Telephone: 9385 5812 T l h 9385 5812 Office: Quad 3062 Thurs 12Noon – 2 Th 12N 2pm Email: TBA Telephone: TBA Jonathan Yuen Email: jonathan.yuen@unsw.edu.au Telephone: 9385 6283 Office: Quad 3089 Mon 4pm ‐6pm Yichelle Zhang Email: yichelle.zhang@unsw.edu.au Telephone: 9385 6283 Office: Quad 3089 12Noon – 1pm 3 ACCT3583 Management Accounting 2 4 ACCT3583 Management Accounting 2 ACCT3583 Seminar overview ACCT3583 Course assessment Seminar overview Seminars comprise lecture content and in-class discussions You must view the podcast, read the assigned readings and...
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...Research Papers Vol. 4 No.5 October-November 2008 Pp.20-33 The Strategic Issues, Business Plan and Implementation from Situational and Industry Analysis: A Discussion on a Specific Case Moha Asri Abdullah A business strategy is the focal point of the business practices and competitive strategies in the operational management. It is used to strike out a market position, conduct operations, attract customers, compete and achieve organizational objective. Thus, whether a company wins or loses in the marketplace, it is directly attributable to the calibers of a company’s strategy and the proficiency with which the strategy is implemented and executed. This paper attempts to analyse the overall situation of an accountant company in the wine industry known as Moss Adams whose company is facing the problems with strategy and execution in the specific market place of the northern California. To critically analyse this, a number of process involve; First, the use of the situational analysis and SWOT. Then, the Porter’s Five Forces model is also used to illustrate the nature of accounting industry of wineries businesses before strategic issues for Moss Adams’s company will be discussed in relation to the crafting alternative business solutions and predicting the outcomes of the plan. Filed of Research: Business strategy, situational analysis, Porter Five Forces 1. Introduction Strategic business plan and its implementation are the ‘heart and soul’ of any business organization...
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...Business Analysis and Valuation Report Prepared By: Version # Updated on ------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgments ------------------------------------------------- If applicable, include acknowledgement to contributing individuals: ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Analyst’s Name | Number | E-Mail Address | | | | Document Name | | Date Created | | Milestone 1 date submitted | | Milestone 2 date submitted | | Milestone 3 date submitted | | Finalization date | | | | | | | | REPORT VERSION RECORD The Business Analysis and Valuation Report is a managed document with tracking of versions, changes, and release dates for each of the three milestones. Version Name | Version Number | Date | Author(s) Name(s) | Change Description | | | | | Document created | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Milestone versions of the report are issued including the complete document with the sections completed to date to reflect the work to date by the analyst team. The milestone versions of the document are authorized for release only after the analyst’s signature has been obtained. Milestone 1 PREPARED: DATE:___/___/___ (for acceptance) (, signature) POSITION: ___ Milestone 2 PREPARED: DATE:___/___/___ ...
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...Valuation and Assessment for the PepsiCo Part1. Macro economic factors and Industry Analysis In recent year, PepsiCo was in the extraordinary complicated economic environment. Economic environment can have a significant impact on PepsiCo. The economic factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), interest rates, high inflation rate and commodity price may affect the PepsiCo current and future performance in large extend. First, the increase of GDP affects the sales of PepsiCo. Pepsi is the world second largest food and beverage business, which sold products in more than 200 countries. In America, the GDP presents a slowly but stable increasing trend, the GDP growth rates were affected, and also influenced the sales of Pepsi America. According to the table 1, it can be seen that the core net revenue has increased 14 percent between 2010 and 2011. In addition, it was estimated that approximately 47 percent net revenue comes from outside the United States. Although most developing countries were suffered from global financial crisis, the GDP growth rates still keep a robust trend. For example, in China, the GDP growth was around 9.5 percent during 2010 to 2012. Therefore, PepsiCo in 2010, the revenue outside the America increased approximately 30 percent, which considerable above the global real GDP growth rate. Secondly, the increase of inflation will affect the profits of PepsiCo. The whole world’s inflation rates have increased in recent year and will continually rise...
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...EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING PRACTICES by Magdy Abdel-Kader University of Essex and Robert Luther University of Bristol WP No. 04/06 October 2004 Address for correspondence: Magdy Abdel-Kader Department of Accounting, Finance and Management University of Essex Colchester Essex CO4 3SQ UK E-mail: mabdel@essex.ac.uk 1 An Empirical Investigation of the Evolution of Management Accounting Practices Magdy Abdel-Kadera and Robert Lutherb a: Department of Accounting, Finance and Management, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ (Correspondence address) b: Bristol Business School, U.W.E., Bristol, BS16 1QY The authors are grateful for the constructive comments of participants at the EIASM conference on New Directions in Management Accounting: Innovations in Practice and Research, December 2002, Brussels. Financial support from the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants is acknowledged with gratitude. 2 An Empirical Investigation of the Evolution of Management Accounting Practices Abstract This paper investigates and reports on the status of management accounting practices in UK industry. The analysis operationalises the IFAC statement on Management Accounting Concepts and its description of the evolution of management accounting. The results, based on responses from 123 practising management accountants, suggest that the management accounting employed in many UK industrial companies is not particularly...
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...or not. SWM has been analyzed step by step in order to find out its true value in the industry. The analysts have first looked into SWM business and strategy where it has been noted that SWM was a result of merger of seven group holdings and Australian West Newspaper in order to expand and use their resources efficiently. Secondly, SWM accounting policies and procedures have been analyzed where they showed that the company is following the accounting standards and using their flexibility that was given by the standard in order to measure some accounts in the financial statement. This flexibility was compared to the industry where it has noted that the company is valuing these accounts in a proper way. Thirdly, a financial analysis was also undertaken. It has been understood that the company, though there was a merger, is managing their resources well that resulted to positive book and cash returns. Lastly, the forecasts of the said company, where the analyst has determined the company’s value and the full set of financial statement for 2012, were estimated and calculated intelligently. With the help of the four steps of business analysis, the group has recommended that it is safe to invest to seven west media even if merger has occurred twice in the last three financial year. I. INTRODUCTION In order for a business to stay competitive in the industry, an effective business analysis must be undertaken. This involves gathering variety of data from different sources to...
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...A gap analysis is performed to compare a strategy with the external environment and the internal environment, to see if there are any inconsistencies between the strategy and the environment. Therefore, the gap analysis is usually done by an organisation rather than an industry. So, for example, if Officeworks has the strategy of pursuing growth by being the best and cheapest supplier of office needs to the small business and home markets in Australia, then their gap analysis would be done to compare their internal environment with that strategy, and their external environment with that strategy. Therefore, they compare their capabilities, performance and key stakeholder expectations against that strategy to see if they are all consistent with it; if they find gaps, then they will need to decide what they are going to do to close those gaps. An example might be that Officeworks might not have the capabilities required to be the cheapest supplier, so they need to address those capabilities to improve that deficiency. They would also compare the remote environment trends they identified through their TEMPLES analysis of how the remote environment impacts on their business to see if they will get sufficient growth now and into the future, given the external trends and their strategy. Another external analysis is the Porter’s analysis of the industry environment, to determine the likely impacts on their profitability when pursuing that strategy going into the future. Again...
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...Shannon Carl ACC 310 Cost Accounting 1 Analysis of Cost Accounting Jess Stern 5/28/2012 “Cost accounting is a type of accounting process that aims to capture a company’s costs of production by assessing the input costs of each step of production as well as fixed costs such as depreciation of capital equipment.”( Cost Accounting, 2012). By analyzing the importance of cost accounting to the success of a firm, we will get a better understanding as to why companies use this type of accounting process. Becoming knowledgeable about the various methods of cost accounting and how they are used will enable the company to operate the process appropriately. Understanding how an operating budget works to discipline a firm’s management is also useful information when running a company. To do so, one needs to know the actual elements of the budget and how they are constructed. Lastly, one more beneficial piece of information to comprehend would be what a variance analysis is and how it is used. In the midst of discussing the previous items, there will be various elements that relate to the above topics in which there will be further detail provided. First, why is cost accounting so important to the success of the firm? “Managers rely on cost accounting to provide an idea of the actual cost of processes, departments, operations or product which is the foundation of their budget, allowing them to analyze fluctuation and the way funds are used socially for profit” (Llango, 2009)...
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...Statements on Management Accounting PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING TITLE Value Chain Analysis for Assessing Competitive Advantage CREDITS This statement was approved for issuance as a Statement on Management Accounting by the Management Accounting Committee (MAC) of the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA). IMA appreciates the support of The Society of Management Accountants of Canada (SMAC) in helping create this SMA and extends appreciation to Joseph G. San Miguel, of the Naval Postgraduate School, who drafted the manuscript. Published by Institute of Management Accountants 10 Paragon Drive Montvale, NJ 07645-1760 www.imanet.org Special thanks are due to Randoif Holst, SMAC Manager, Management Accounting Guidelines, for his continuing project supervision and to the members of the focus group (including MAC members Dennis Daly and Thomas Huff) for contributing to the improvement of the final document. Copyright © 1996 Institute of Management Accountants All rights reserved Statements on Management Accounting PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Value Chain Analysis for Assessing Competitive Advantage TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The Value Chain Defined . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Competitive Advantage and Customer Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 V. The Role of the Management Accountant...
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...Introduction and background Cost accounting is the process of accumulating, measuring, analyzing, interpreting and reporting of the information related to the cost. This type of process is useful and relevant for all internal and external stakeholders of the business entity. In the management accounting, the term cost accounting includes the works of establishing budget and actual cost of operations, processes, departments, analysis of the variances and profitability or social use of the funds. In the external stakeholders we include all those who have invested money in the company, such as banks, financial houses, investors and others. Internal stakeholders are those people who work within the premise of the company, such as business or company directors, division heads and managers. Cost accounting has long been used to help managers understand the costs of running a business. Modern cost accounting originated during the industrial revolution, when the complexities of running a large scale business led to the development of systems for recording and tracking costs to help business owners and managers make decisions. In the early industrial age, most of the costs incurred by a business were what modern accountants call "variable costs" because they varied directly with the amount of production. Money was spent on labor, raw materials, power to run a factory, etc. in direct proportion to production. Managers could simply total the variable costs for a product and use this...
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...Summary Comparing different companies under different rules, or comparing one company in different time period can be complicating and often misleading when differences in accounting methods are not captured. In this essay, I will start the analysis by examining each firm’s change in accounting methods compared to their previous year. Then I will move on to comparing the three companies’ ratios to conduct analysis of each company based on the DuPont Method. In addition, I will also look at how changes in accounting methods affected Seven and I holdings’ results in 2013 when compared to 2012. Finally, I will conclude my analysis on how comparable it was under different accounting methods based on above analysis. _____ Three Companies Chosen for Analysis For this ratio analysis assignment, I chose three companies from the UK, US and Japan: Walmart Country: US Industry: Supermarket Retail Accounting Standard: GAAP TESCO Country: UK Industry: Supermarket Retail Accounting Standard: IFRS Seven and I Holdings Country: Japan Industry: Supermarket Retail Accounting Standard: Japan Standard _____ Change/Amendments in Accounting Methods Walmart Even though there is a mention about recent accounting pronouncements and future adoption of those policies, there is and will be no effect in the firm’s net income, financial position or cash flows. Sainsbury Although there were two amendments effective from this annual reports, the firm has concluded...
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...Accounting Career Exploration Assignment Step #1: Visit the Blackboard site for this class to access the career summaries that will provide you with an overview of the following segments of the accounting industry. Each summary will include sample job descriptions from Co-op employers who represent a particular industry segment. Keep in mind that these summaries represent broad areas of accounting, and the intent is for you to gain a high level overview of the different industry segments. 1. Public Accounting – Tax & Audit 2. Private/Corporate Accounting 3. Forensic Accounting 4. Fund Accounting 5. Internal Auditing 6. Tax & Wealth Management Step #2: Review the general description of four main skill categories (highlighted in yellow) used in business today as defined by Career Leader including the sub-skills that comprise each category. |Interpersonal Effectiveness: Good at working with, and through, other people. Understand people and how to motivate them. A good team member, as well as team | |leader. Engender others' trust. A skillful negotiator. | • Ability to Compromise: Able to compromise when the situation calls for it. • Ability to Teach: Clear and patient when explaining things; a good teacher. • Comfort with Differences: Comfortable and effective in relating to people from many different backgrounds...
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...Introduction to Accounting and Financial Reporting for Governmental and Not-for-Profit Entities True / False Questions 1. Special purpose governments generally provide a wider range of services to their residents than do general purpose governments. True False 2. Examples of general purpose governments include cities, towns, and public schools that receive tax revenue to finance the services they provide. True False 3. The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) is the body authorized to establish accounting principles for all state and local governments, both general purpose and special purpose. True False 4. The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) is the body authorized to establish accounting principles for all government entities. True False 5. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is the body authorized to establish accounting principles for all colleges and universities and health care entities. True False 6. Neither governmental nor not-for-profit entities have residual equity that can be distributed to owners. True False 7. A characteristic common to governmental and not-for-profit organizations is that they do not exist to provide goods or services at a profit or profit equivalent. True False 8. The needs of users of government financial reports are the same as those of users of business entity financial reports. True False 9. The Federal Accounting Standards...
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...Business Analysis & Valuation Project The objective of this project is to apply financial statement analysis techniques in a typical (equity) investment decision-making context. You should assume that you are required to make an investment recommendation to a fund manager. The fund manger wishes to add a stock to a diversified portfolio. The investment manager has a strategy of maximizing investor returns over the long term. Consistent with the course objectives, the project is an essential part of the course and aimed at developing your understanding of, and practical skills in financial statement analysis and valuation. It is also designed to enhance teamwork, and analytical and communication skills. To maximize the benefits of the project, you are required to progressively complete the project as the techniques are examined in the course. The project comprises two components: (1) an industry and company analysis, (2) a detailed project report, and Getting Started (Weeks 1-2) By the end of Week 2 you are required to: (1) Form groups of ideally 4 or 5 members. For part-time students who have difficulties in finding common free time for group meetings, groups of 2 or 3 are acceptable. (2) Select a company that is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). Your companies must have at least three years of annual reports available – it is your responsibility to pick a company with the required information available); (3) Enroll your group members online through Blackboard...
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