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Estee Lauder Strategic Management Case

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Estée Lauder – 2008

Forest David: Francis Marion University

A. Case Abstract

Estée Lauder (www.elcompanies.com) is a comprehensive business policy and strategic management case that includes the company’s fiscal year-end June 2007 financial statements, competitor information and more. The case time setting is the year 2008. Sufficient internal and external data are provided to enable students to evaluate current strategies and recommend a three-year strategic plan for the company. Headquartered in New York City, Estée Lauder’s common stock is publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol EL.

Estée Lauder produces a diverse line of shampoo, perfumes, lip gloss and other skin care products. A small sampling of the brand names marketed by Estée Lauder include: Estée Lauder, Clinique, American Beauty, and Flirt. The products are sold through various distribution channels, including specialty stores, department stores, pharmacies, the and Web. Estée Lauder operates in the Americas, Europe, Middle East, Asia, and Africa. The company has over 28,000 employees and is led by CEO William Lauder whose base pay was over $3.5M in 2007. The firm’s two major competitors are conglomerate giant Procter & Gamble and L’Oreal.

B. Vision Statement (proposed)

Estée Lauder is committed to its name being synonymous with the best quality skin care products in the world.

C. Mission Statement (actual)

Bringing the best to everyone we touch.

(proposed)

Our mission is to deliver the highest quality skin care products, fragrance, cosmetics, and hair care products (2) for men and women of all ages and nationalities (1) around the world (3). By using the latest technology (4) in cosmetic design, we are able to ensure our customers’ high demand for superior and safe products will be met or exceeded in each and every product purchased (7). Providing the best products possible to our customers will enable our philosophy (6) of improving the sprit of our customers’ mind, body and soul to continue from generation to generation (5). By hiring the most experienced chemists (9) to design new products that are safe and effective, we strive to continue growing our product line. We strive to be socially conscious by providing products that are environmentally safe and free from animal testing (8).

1. Customer 2. Products or services 3. Markets 4. Technology 5. Concern for survival, profitability, growth 6. Philosophy 7. Self-concept 8. Concern for public image 9. Concern for employees

D. External Audit

Opportunities

1. Weak US Dollar makes US based products more affordable to customers in Canada and Europe. 2. Interest rates remain low in the US. 3. Increasing numbers of people are buying products online for convenience, cost savings, and confidentiality. 4. Men are increasingly becoming more concerned with their looks and stereotypes of men using skin care products are diminishing. 5. In 2006, China experienced a 15 percent growth in professional skin care sales. 6. The Hispanic population in the US is rapidly growing. 7. Customers are demanding products not tested on animals and which are environmentally friendly. 8. Customers are becoming more interested in herbal products that are derived from natural sources. 9. Aging US population opens new markets for developing skin care products for the elderly. 10. Many new start up companies with specialty products are created each year.

Threats

1. Consumer complaints and inquires into the use of animal testing for new products. 2. FDA plans to require cosmetic corporations to add a label stating “the safety of this product has not been determined.” 3. Many new start up companies with specialty products are created each year. 4. Concerns about the use of aerosols, fluorocarbons and other chemicals in the production of cosmetic products. 5. Top competitors in the cosmetics industry are diversified with many brand names and a wide range of products. 6. Products can be purchased at significantly lower cost over the Internet, harming revenues and traditional distributors. 7. Growing trend among sections of the population for a more natural look and reduction in their use of make up and related products. 8. Customers tend to be extremely brand loyal.

CPM – Competitive Profile Matrix

* Estimates for Procter & Gamble focused on similar product lines they share with Estée Lauder not the company as a whole.
| | Estée Lauder |Revlon |Procter & Gamble |
|Critical Success Factors |Weight |Rating |Weighted Score |Rating |Weighted Score |Rating |Weighted Score |
|Market Share |0.20 |4 |0.80 |4 |0.80 |3 |0.60 |
|Price |0.10 |2 |0.20 |3 |0.30 |4 |0.40 |
|Financial Position |0.20 |3 |0.60 |1 |0.20 |4 |0.80 |
|Product Quality |0.15 |4 |0.60 |2 |0.30 |2 |0.30 |
|Product Lines |0.10 |4 |0.40 |3 |0.30 |4 |0.40 |
|Consumer Loyalty |0.20 |4 |0.80 |3 |0.60 |2 |0.40 |
|Employees |0.05 |4 |0.20 |4 |0.20 |4 |0.20 |
|TOTAL |1.00 | 3.60 | 2.70 | 3.10 |

External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix

| | | | |
|Key External Factors |Weight |Rating |Weighted Score |
|Opportunities |
|Weak US Dollar makes US based products more affordable to |0.05 |3 |0.15 |
|customers in Canada and Europe. | | | |
|Interest rates remain low in the US. |0.08 |3 |0.24 |
|Increasing numbers of people are buying products online for |0.12 |3 |0.36 |
|convenience, cost savings, and confidentiality. | | | |
|Men are increasing becoming more concerned with their looks and |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|the stereotypes of men using skin care products are diminishing. | | | |
|In 2006, China experienced a 15 percent growth in professional |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|skin care sales. | | | |
|Hispanic population in the US is rapidly growing. |0.05 |3 |0.15 |
|Customers are demanding products not tested on animals and which |0.03 |3 |0.09 |
|are environmentally friendly. | | | |
|Customers are becoming more interested in herbal products that are| | | |
|derived from natural sources. |0.03 |4 |0.12 |
|Aging US population opens new markets for developing skin care |0.05 |3 |0.15 |
|products for the elderly. | | | |
|Many new start up companies with specialty products are created |0.05 |2 |0.10 |
|each year. | | | |
|Threats |
|Consumer complaints and inquires into the use of animal testing | | | |
|for new products. |0.03 |3 |0.09 |
|FDA plans to enforce cosmetic corporations to add a label stating | | | |
|“the safety of this product has not been determined.” |0.02 |1 |0.02 |
|Many new start up companies with specialty products are created |0.05 |2 |0.10 |
|each year. | | | |
|Concerns about the use of aerosols, fluorocarbons and other | | | |
|chemicals in the production of cosmetic products. |0.03 |4 |0.12 |
|Top competitors in the cosmetics industry are diversified with | | | |
|many brand names and a wide range of products. |0.10 |2 |0.20 |
|Products can be purchased at significantly lower cost over the | | | |
|Internet cutting into revenues and harming traditional |0.12 |1 |0.12 |
|distributors. | | | |
|Growing trend among sections of the population for a more natural | | | |
|look and reduction in their use of make up and related products. |0.04 |3 |0.12 |
|Customers tend to be extremely brand loyal. |0.05 |3 |0.15 |
|TOTAL |1.00 | |2.68 |

E. Internal Audit Strengths

1. Wholly owned and operated offices in 43 countries and territories and products sold in over 135 countries. 2. Test products on animals only when required by law. 3. Estée Lauder operates under numerous brand names including Clinique, Origins, Bobbi Brown, Flirt! among others. 4. Detailed succession plan in place for Fabrizio Freda to take over as CEO in March of 2010. 5. The company has global rights to products sold under several name brands including Tommy Hilfiger, Donna Karan, Missoni, and Sean John. 6. Company continues to purchase interest in start up and established companies such as Bumble and Bumble Products LLC in June 30, 2007. 7. Revenue has increased 40 percent from $5 billion to $7 billion in the five year period dating fiscal years 2003-2007. 8. Company specializes in mid-level and upper end cosmetics products; markets over 9,000 products.

Weaknesses

1. In 1990, 75 nameplate department stores sold Estée Lauder; today that number is only 17. 2. Stock price has been stuck between $25 and $50 trading range since 1996. 3. Estée Lauder lacks a clear mission and vision statements. 4. Confusing organizational structure; it is unclear whether group presidents have control over the product lines or geographic areas. 5. Net sales of fragrance products decreased 4 percent to $1.2B as the company continues to struggle in this segment. 6. Company does not offer enough brand names tailored to lower budget consumers.

Financial Ratio Analysis (June 2007)

|Growth Rates % |Estée Lauder |Industry |SP-500 |
|Sales (Qtr vs year ago qtr) |7.30 |8.70 |15.30 |
|Net Income (YTD vs YTD) |-32.60 |22.20 |17.50 |
|Net Income (Qtr vs year ago qtr) |-32.60 |18.40 |24.70 |
|Sales (5-Year Annual Avg.) |8.36 |10.99 |12.35 |
|Net Income (5-Year Annual Avg.) |18.81 |13.50 |21.79 |
|Dividends (5-Year Annual Avg.) |20.11 |12.66 |9.47 |
|Price Ratios | | | |
|Current P/E Ratio |20.8 |22.1 |22.5 |
|P/E Ratio 5-Year High |NA |25.1 |20.2 |
|P/E Ratio 5-Year Low |NA |15.8 |4.3 |
|Price/Sales Ratio |1.17 |2.63 |2.53 |
|Price/Book Value |6.82 |6.98 |4.15 |
|Price/Cash Flow Ratio |12.80 |16.60 |13.70 |
|Profit Margins | | | |
|Gross Margin |74.8 |50.3 |36.0 |
|Pre-Tax Margin |9.5 |16.7 |18.3 |
|Net Profit Margin |6.1 |12.2 |12.9 |
|5Yr Gross Margin (5-Year Avg.) |74.4 |51.2 |34.6 |
|5Yr PreTax Margin (5-Year Avg.) |10.2 |16.1 |16.2 |
|5Yr Net Profit Margin (5-Year Avg.) |6.3 |11.0 |11.2 |
|Financial Condition | | | |
|Debt/Equity Ratio |1.19 |0.90 |1.32 |
|Current Ratio |1.4 |0.9 |1.2 |
|Quick Ratio |0.9 |0.7 |1.0 |
|Interest Coverage |14.4 |15.6 |37.1 |
|Leverage Ratio |3.8 |2.9 |4.0 |
|Book Value/Share |6.34 |16.62 |20.17 |
|Investment Returns % | | | |
|Return On Equity |30.6 |30.5 |28.4 |
|Return On Assets |10.2 |9.3 |8.4 |
|Return On Capital |17.0 |12.7 |11.1 |
|Return On Equity (5-Year Avg.) |23.9 |48.9 |20.7 |
|Return On Assets (5-Year Avg.) |10.4 |10.4 |7.0 |
|Return On Capital (5-Year Avg.) |16.3 |13.0 |9.3 |
|Management Efficiency | | | |
|Income/Employee |15,242 |63,525 |112,357 |
|Revenue/Employee |251,021 |495,679 |954,553 |
|Receivable Turnover |7.0 |10.3 |14.3 |
|Inventory Turnover |2.0 |5.0 |9.3 |
|Asset Turnover |1.7 |0.8 |0.8 |

Adapted from www.moneycentral.msn.com
|Date |Avg. P/E |Price/Sales |Price/Book |Net Profit Margin (%) |
|06/07 |19.80 |1.34 |7.38 |6.4 |
|06/06 |24.80 |1.30 |5.05 |5.0 |
|06/05 |24.20 |1.42 |5.09 |6.5 |
|06/04 |24.30 |1.97 |6.40 |6.6 |
|06/03 |23.10 |1.54 |4.28 |5.9 |

|Date |Book Value/ Share |Debt/Equity |ROE (%) |ROA (%) |Interest Coverage |
|06/07 |$6.17 |0.91 |37.4 |10.9 |NA |
|06/06 |$7.66 |0.32 |20.0 |8.6 |NA |
|06/05 |$7.68 |0.42 |24.2 |10.5 |NA |
|06/04 |$7.62 |0.31 |21.8 |10.2 |NA |
|06/03 |$7.84 |0.16 |18.3 |9.7 |NA |

Adapted from www.moneycentral.msn.com

Net Worth Analysis (June 2007 in millions)

|1. Stockholders’ Equity + Goodwill = 1,200 + 0 |$1,200 |
|2. Net income x 5 = $450 x 5= |$ 2,250 |
|3. Share price = $40.00/EPS 2.11 =$18.95 x Net Income $450= |$ 8,530 |
|4. Number of Shares Outstanding x Share Price = 193 x $40.00 = |$ 7,720 |
|Method Average |$4,925 |

Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix

|Key Internal Factors |Weight |Rating |Weighted |
| | | |Score |
|Strengths |
|Wholly owned and operated offices in 43 countries and territories and sold |0.12 |4 |0.48 |
|in over 135 countries. | | | |
|Test products on animals only when required by law. |0.03 |4 |0.12 |
|Estée Lauder operates under numerous brand names including Clinique, | | | |
|Origins, Bobbi Brown, Flirt! among others. |0.10 |4 |0.40 |
|Detailed succession plan in place for Fabrizio Freda to take over as CEO in |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|March of 2010. | | | |
|The company as global rights to products sold under several name brands | | | |
|including Tommy Hilfiger, Donna Karan, Missoni, and Sean John. |0.10 |4 |0.40 |
|Company continues to purchase interest in start up and established companies| | | |
|such as Bumble and Bumble Products LLC in June 30, 2007. |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|Revenue has increased 40 percent from $5 billion to $7 billion in the five | | | |
|year period dating fiscal years 2003-2007. |0.15 |4 |0.60 |
|Company specializes in mid level and upper end cosmetics products; markets |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|over 9,000 products. | | | |
|Weaknesses |
|In 1990, 75 nameplate department stores sold Estée Lauder; today that number|0.10 |2 |0.20 |
|is only 17. | | | |
|Stock price has been stuck between $25 and $50 trading range since 1996. |0.05 |1 |0.05 |
|Estée Lauder lacks clear mission and vision statements. |0.05 |1 |0.05 |
|Confusing organizational structure; it is unclear whether group presidents | | | |
|have control over product lines or geographic areas. |0.05 |1 |0.05 |
|Net sales of fragrance products decreased 4 percent to $1,213B; company |0.05 |1 |0.05 |
|continues to struggle in this segment. | | | |
|Company does not offer enough brand names tailored to lower budget |0.05 |1 |0.05 |
|consumers. | | | |
|TOTAL |1.00 | |3.05 |

F. SWOT Strategies

SO Strategies 1. Expand product offerings in foreign nations (S1, S8, O1). 2. Continue to acquire interest in start up companies (S6, S7, O2, O4, O5).

WO Strategies 1. Continue to expand the respective brand name websites and offer incentives to customers (W1, W3). 2. Introduce new fragrance products for men and boys (W5, O4).

ST Strategies 1. Offer rebates to customers to compete with black and gray market distributors (S7, S8, T5, T6). 2. Market new soaps and skin care products that tailor to the natural look (S7, S8, T7).

WT Strategies 1. Draft new vision and mission statements along with a new clearer corporate structure to compete with current competition (W3, W4, T3, T5, T6). 2. Create a new line of products tailored to customers on smaller budgets (W6, T8).

G. SPACE Matrix

[pic]

[pic]

x-axis: 4.4 + -1.8 = 2.6 y-axis: 4.0 + -4.0 = 0.0

H. Grand Strategy Matrix

[pic]

I. The Internal-External (IE) Matrix

| | | |The IFE Total Weighted Score | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |Strong |Average |Weak | | |
| | | |3.0 to 4.0 |2.0 to 2.99 |1.0 to 1.99 | | |
| | |High |I |II |III | | |
| | |3.0 to 3.99 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |Medium |IV |V |VI | | |
|The EFE Total |2.0 to 2.99 | | | | | |
|Weighted Score | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | |Estée Lauder | | | | |
| | |Low |VII |VIII |IX | | |
| | |1.0 to 1.99 | | | | | |
|Grow and Build | | | | | |

J. QSPM

|Strategic Alternatives |
| |Introduce new products for|Continue to expand into new|
| |non traditional customers |geographic markets |
| | | |
|Key Internal Factors Weight| | |
|Strengths |AS |TAS |AS |TAS |
|Wholly owned and operated offices in 43 countries and territories and|0.12 |2 |0.24 |4 |0.48 |
|sold in over 135 countries. | | | | | |
|Test products on animals only when required by law. | | | | | |
| |0.03 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Estée Lauder operates under numerous brand names including Clinique, | | | | | |
|Origins, Bobbi Brown, Flirt! among others. |0.10 |3 |0.30 |2 |0.20 |
|Detailed succession plan in place for Fabrizio Freda to take over as |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|CEO in March of 2010. | | | | | |
|The company as global rights to products sold under several name | | | | | |
|brands including Tommy Hilfiger, Donna Karan, Missoni, and Sean John.|0.10 |3 |0.30 |4 |0.40 |
|Company continues to purchase interest in start up and established | | | | | |
|companies such as Bumble and Bumble Products LLC in June 30, 2007. |0.05 |4 |0.20 |3 |0.15 |
|Revenue has increased 40 percent from $5 billion to $7 billion in the| | | | | |
|five year period dating fiscal years 2003-2007. |0.15 |3 |0.45 |4 |0.60 |
|Company specializes in mid level and upper end cosmetics products; |0.05 |4 |0.20 |3 |0.15 |
|markets over 9,000 products. | | | | | |
|Weaknesses |
|In 1990, 75 nameplate department stores sold Estée Lauder; today that|0.10 |2 |0.20 |3 |0.30 |
|number is only 17. | | | | | |
|Stock price has been stuck between $25 and $50 trading range since |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|1996. | | | | | |
|Estée Lauder lacks a clear mission vision statements. |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Confusing organizational structure where it is unclear weather group | | | | | |
|presidents have control over the product lines or geographic areas. |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Net sales of fragrance products decreased 4 percent to $1,213 million| | | | | |
|as the company continues to struggle in this segment. |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Company does not offer enough brand names tailored to lower budget |0.05 |4 |0.20 |2 |0.10 |
|consumers. | | | | | |
|SUBTOTAL |1.00 | |2.09 | |2.38 |

| |Introduce new products for |Continue to expand into new|
| |non traditional customers |geographic markets |
| | | |
|Key External Factors | | |
|Weight | | |
|Opportunities |AS |TAS |AS |TAS |
|Weak US Dollar makes US based products more affordable to customers in |0.05 |1 |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|Canada and Europe. | | | | | |
|Interest rates remain low in the US. |0.08 |2 |0.16 |4 |0.24 |
|Increasing numbers of people are buying products online for convenience,| | | | | |
|cost savings, and confidentiality. |0.12 |3 |0.36 |1 |0.12 |
|Men are increasing becoming more concerned with their looks and the | | | | | |
|stereotypes of men using skin care products are diminishing. |0.05 |4 |0.20 |1 |0.05 |
|In 2006, China experienced a 15 percent growth in professional skin care|0.05 |2 |0.10 |4 |0.20 |
|sales. | | | | | |
|Hispanic population in the US is rapidly growing. |0.05 |1 |0.05 |4 |0.20 |
|Customers are demanding products not tested on animals and which are |0.03 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|environmentally friendly. | | | | | |
|Customers are becoming more interested in herbal products that are |0.03 |3 |0.09 |1 |0.03 |
|derived from natural sources. | | | | | |
|Aging US population opens new markets for developing skin care products |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|for the elderly. | | | | | |
|Many new start up companies with specialty products are created each |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|year. | | | | | |
|Threats |
|Consumer complaints and inquires into the use of animal testing for new |0.03 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|products. | | | | | |
|FDA plans to enforce cosmetic corporations to add a label stating “the | | | | | |
|safety of this product has not been determined.” |0.02 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Many new start up companies with specialty products are created each |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|year. | | | | | |
|Concerns about the use of aerosols, fluorocarbons and other chemicals in| | | | | |
|the production of cosmetic products. |0.03 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Top competitors in the cosmetics industry are diversified with many | | | | | |
|brand names and a wide range of products. |0.10 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Products are sold at significantly lower cost over the Internet cut into| | | | | |
|revenues and harm traditional distributors. |0.12 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|Growing trend among sections of the population for a more natural look | | | | | |
|and reduction in their use of make up and related products. |0.04 |4 |0.16 |1 |0.04 |
|Customers tend to be extremely brand loyal. |0.05 |--- |--- |--- |--- |
|SUBTOTAL | | |1.17 | |1.08 |
|SUM TOTAL ATTRACTIVENESS SCORE | | |3.26 | |3.46 |

K. Recommendations

The QSPM strategies assessed further global expansion and focusing on new nontraditional customers. The QSPM reveals that both strategies are viable options and is inconclusive on which option is the best alternative. Several recommendations with estimated cost figures are included below. These are not meant to be undertaken all at once, but rather in stages over the next 5 years. With Net Income of $450M in fiscal year 2007, these strategies are financially feasible.

1. Expand further into Eastern Europe in the former communist block nations. These nations are rapidly growing, have prospects of joining the European Union, and the people appreciate fashion. Cost of entry/operation is still lower than many other more developed nations. Build two new factories at a cost of $200M each. Also, open 25 new retail stores in shopping malls at an initial cost of $500K each. Total cost of $400M + $12.5M = 412.5M 2. Expand further into China. By some accounts, China is growing at 3 times the rate of the United States and has a population of over 1B. The same target plan as for Eastern Europe with total cost of $412.5M. 3. Develop ten new products and initiate an aggressive advertising campaign to target men in the United States. Estimated cost $200M. 4. Further develop a line of natural skin care products and exfoliaters under a new catchy brand name. Target these products to older customers and customers who are into the natural craze look. Estimated cost $200M

Total Cost = $1,250B

For purposes of the EPS/EBIT analysis, it will be assumed Estée Lauder builds one factory, opens 10 new retail stores and fully implements their aggressive campaign to market to men. Total cost = $405M.

L. EPS/EBIT Analysis

$ Amount Needed: 405M Stock Price: $40 Tax Rate: 36% Interest Rate: 5% # Shares Outstanding: 193M

[pic]

[pic]

M. Epilogue

On November 9, 2007, the Estée Lauder Companies announced an increase in its annual dividend on its Class A and Class B Common Stock to $.55 per share. This amount represents a 10% increase over the previous annual rate of $.50 per share. The $.55 per share annual dividend on the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock was paid on December 27, 2007 to stockholders. Additionally, the company began to repurchase up to another 20.0 million shares of Class A Common Stock or about 10% of the total outstanding common stock. This increases the total authorization to 88.0 million shares, of which about 62.5 million have been repurchased to date.

Also on November 9, 2007, the Estée Lauder Companies Inc. announced the appointment of Fabrizio Freda as President and Chief Operating Officer, effective March 3, 2008. With this move, Chief Executive Officer William P. Lauder has created a succession plan that anticipates Freda becoming Chief Executive Officer within 24 months.

On August 16, 2007, the Estée Lauder Companies Inc. announced that for first quarter 2008, net sales should increase between 5% and 7% in constant currency and earnings per share should be between $0.05 and $0.11. For fiscal 2008, the Company expects net sales to grow between 7% and 9% and EPS to be between $2.28 and $2.40. According to Reuters Estimates, analysts on average are expecting the Company to report EPS of $0.33 on revenues of $1.7 billion for first quarter 2008, and EPS of $2.48 on revenues of $7.4 billion for fiscal 2008.

On July 9, 2007, the Estée Lauder Companies Inc. announced that it has agreed to acquire the Ojon Corporation, a privately-held prestige hair care company based in Canada. Ojon markets and sells products made with ingredients collected by the Tawira, an indigenous community living in the Central American rainforest.

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