...The constitution of houses are more advance to metal, steel and other material. Techniques have grown over the years, and tool and equipment are way more advanced from the first era of fire fighting. As the fire departments and technology grows fire fighter will have new and better equipment. Fighting fire in smaller communities are getting harder because of all the hazardous material “ the history of fire fighting” www.emergencydispatch.com/articles/hisdtory of fire fighter. html/march 11,2015 “city of Boston.gor- officail website of the city of Boston.” Fire prevention. N.P. n.d. web. 24 march. 2015. Smith, Dennis. History of fire fighting in america. New York, new York :The dial press, 1978 “Firefighting” Encyclopedia Britannica 2015. www.britannica.com/EB checked/topic/207834/firefighter “Pump operator skills for the modern foreground / firefighter nation” Firefighter nation. N.p.,n.d. web. 24 mar. 2015 “ FIre apparatus and emergency equipment vehicles: fire safety products and emergency vehicles.” N.P., n.d. web. 26 mar...
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...Overview of Firefighting Brandon Rodgers Centennial High School Abstract This paper explores the different aspects in living a firefighter’s life. The topics that will be covered are the various types of technology when being a fireman, the different tactics you see on a day to day basis, the physical abilities one must be capable of, and the types of equipment used. The technology used today to help fight fires is extremely progressed and different than it was even just ten years ago. If it were not for these new inventions, communication would not be as easy and complex for any fire station. Firemen face different obstacles every day and have to be ready to jump right in with whatever the circumstance may be. Tactics such as how to use ventilation tools, the proper way to handle forest fires, and the basic prevention techniques to stay as safe and efficient as possible. Becoming a fireman is not cut out for someone who is not athletically gifted. It takes a strong person; both mentally and physically, do complete the drills that one must see every day. The equipment alone is all extremely heavy and powerful. There are many things that most people are unaware of when it comes to the basic characteristics of being a firefighter. Overview of Firefighting When the average person thinks of being a firefighter, they usually imagine cute Dalmatian dogs, loud sirens, heavy clothes, huge water hoses, poles to slide down, and giant ladders. Firefighting...
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...Firefighting is already a treacherous job, but the conditions have worsened in the span of a decade. Situations have become more severe in nature and, as a result, have called for more drastic actions. Fire fighters lay down their life for others every day and ask for nothing.. With a job that receives little credibility and does not pay nearly as much as it should, the benefits of such a life-threatening career do not seem remotely close to being worth the strenuous amount of effort that it requires. Though some may choose to deny it, firefighting has now become one of the most dangerous occupations out there. Dangers with the career field of Fire Science start with the applying and regulating of rules and codes. A prime example is OSHA’s...
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...firestorm. Nine died during the fire and six died afterwards from severe burns and respiratory complications; 38 others were injured. More U.S. wildland firefighters died in the Blackwater fire than in any incident since the Great Fire of 1910; the death-toll was not surpassed until 2013 when 19 firefighters died in the Yarnell Hill Fire. Firefighters in the first half of the 20th century used mostly hand tools to suppress wildfires, and all gear was carried by the firefighters or by pack animals. Weather forecasting and radio communication were generally poor or nonexistent. After the Blackwater fire, better ways to respond to such fires were developed, including the smokejumper program in 1939 and the Ten Standard Firefighting Orders (a standardized set of wildland firefighting principles) in 1957. n 1937, firefighters did not have portable radios for rapid on-scene communication or helicopters to bring supplies and provide water drops.[8][9][a] Firefighters had some access to gas-powered portable water pumps (two were set up on the Blackwater fire), but most used backpack pumps that were manually operated and held limited water.[10][b] Firelines were dug by handcrews using shovels, axes and pulaskis (a tool that could be used as either an axe or a hoe).[12][13] Most firefighters wore cotton and wool clothing, which provided poor protection from flames.[12] Additionally, they did not have fire shelters, which first became available in the 1960s but were not...
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...-------------------------About this Piece------------------------ Paddy Brown There is more to being a hero than merely having the courage to run into a burning building. That is what firefighters are paid to do – it’s just one aspect of their chosen occupation. To me, a true hero is someone who people look up to, a person you might pattern your own life after. Someone who is dedicated, sincere, passionate, inspiring. One who cares about people and puts others before themselves. In doing research for this drawing a name that kept popping up was Paddy Brown. Whether it was in conversation with fellow firefighters, or seeing his name in print or searching the net, the one name that always seemed to appear was Paddy Brown. Captain Brown lost his life on September 11, 2001 along with 342 members of the Fire Department of New York. This image of Paddy Brown is a tribute to all who made the ultimate sacrifice while attempting to save others on that tragic day. One of the many quotes to describe the character of Paddy Brown was best expressed by a retired FDNY member. He said, “Paddy had a chestful of medals, and he wore them with a modest heart”. It is only fitting that the image I chose to draw represents a true-life, everyday hero who touched many lives in many ways. That was Captain Patrick J. Brown. [pic] Captain Patrick J. Brown FDNY Patrick...
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...Abstract Life is a classroom that is in session 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 365 days a year. Humans are consistently learning from our mistakes and improving upon them each day. We learned a great lesson in life on June 18, 2007. On this day in history America lost 9 great “Fire Heroes” to a structure fire in Charleston, South Carolina. The fire started at approximately 7:00 p.m. in the locking dock area of a mattress showroom and warehouse. Charleston firefighters arrived on the scene just three minutes after the alarm, followed soon by firefighters from the St. Andrews Public Service District . From 1979 to 2002 there were over 180 fire fighter deaths from Structural collapse. In more recent times, between 1990 and Augusta 2010, 43 fire fighters deaths have been associated with structural collapses. In a scientific study conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA) entitled Trends in Firefighter Fatalities Due to Structural Collapse, 1979-2002, it was found that firefighter deaths in residential buildings have more than tripled in the last decade compared to the previous decades (1994-2002: 33 deaths; 1983-1992: 9 deaths) (Brassal, Evans 2002). Are firefighters and other fire professionals missing the evidence needed to curve the potential for firefighter fatalities due to structural collapse? Structural collapses are not always the cause of death, but may have been contributing factors that lead to the cause of death. Can training, better building practices...
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...Smoke inhalation causes acute life-threatening injuries and results in long-term lung and neurological damage. The short-term effects of a firefighter inhaling heated air may result in hypoxemia due to smoke inhalation; can similarly cause acute respiratory symptoms and acute decrements in lung function. Persistence of these decrements in some cases suggest decrements are not merely caused by irritant bronchoconstriction; and also cause acute increases in airway responsiveness. The long-term complications of a firefighter inhaling heated air can result in chronic bronchitis and abnormal lung function. Numerous studies have been done however it remains unclear whether or not the repeated exposure to smoke which commonly occurs in firefighting may be linked with chronic pulmonary...
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...the shared duty of each and every member of the crew. No fire prevention effort or program can be successful unless it involves everyone aboard ship. We have noted that every crewmember is responsible for the fire aboard ship. Similarly, every crewmember has a role in the ship's fire prevention program. Because attitude is so much a part of the fire prevention, it is also the most important part of the fire prevention program. So as with the Fire Figthing, if there is a fire aboard ship, everyone aboard ship must form the emergency response team. According to Lobo Gruppe, Oslo 1987, the emergency response team are consist of the following elements: Platform Manager, Chief Fire Officer, Team Leader and the Team. There is no successful firefighting unless it involves every one aboard a ship. Review of Related Literature According to Bennett et al. (1964) from his book Ship Fire Prevention A Master, Supervisory Personnel and Crewman have their own roles and responsibilities in prevention of fire aboard ship....
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...Fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. Fire in its most common form can result in conflagration, which has the potential to cause physical damage through burning. Fire is an important process that affects ecological systems across the globe. The positive effects of fire include stimulating growth and maintaining various ecological systems. Fire has been used by humans for cooking, generating heat, signaling, and propulsion purposes. The negative effects of fire include water contamination, soil erosion, atmospheric pollution and hazard to human and animal life. PHASES OF A FIRE First Phase – Incipient Oxygen content 20% - 21% with ceiling temperatures of approximately 37˚ C°. At this stage the produces of combustion are water vapour, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxiode, and hot gases rising. Smoldering fires my last for a few seconds to several hours before breaking into flames. A large volume of smoke will be present until flaming starts and then progress is rapid. Second Phase – free burning, flame producing or steady state At this stage the oxygen content is 15% - 19% and the ceiling temperatures are above 537°C and the products of combustion are water vapour, carbon dixiode, carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide. There large quantities of dark grey smoke and rapid destruction of combustible materials. It is at this point that flash over occurs. Flash...
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...Fire fighter personnel protective equipment has evolved greatly over a short period of time. The advancement of personnel protective equipment has greatly improved the effectiveness of firefighting. It has helped ensure the safety of firefighters and made interior attacks possible. The evolution of PPE has also caused problems for firefighters. With this advance equipment firefighters feel safer and in turn go deeper and deeper into fires, taking unnecessary risks. The invention of SCBA has greatly changed the fire service. Before the SCBA was invented interior operations at a fire were virtually impossible. SCBA has become a necessary tool in firefighting. It enables firefighters to breath clean air in an otherwise contaminated environment. The SCBA has been improved since its invention. The SCBA harness has been fitted with a PASS device that detects movement and will signal other firefighters if no movement is detected. The SCBA is an essential tool that helps enable firefighters to find other fallen firefighters and allows successful interior attacks. Another improvement on the SCBA is the bottle. The first SCBA units used a steel bottle that was heavy and normally held enough air for thirty minutes. The common bottle now is constructed of carbon fiber which is a lot lighter than the steel bottle. Now bottles are being used that hold more air; this enables firefighters to work longer without having to leave the fire to get another bottle. These improvements on the already...
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...have been developed to help in the control and suppression of fire. Organized fire brigades can be dated back to the earliest civilizations because of the fear of fire and the damage that it can cause. Many great infrastructures have fallen to the devastation of fire and have taken large groups of dedicated members to control those fires. Over the past century, the fire service has become more than just fire suppression, now these dedicated individuals are trained to rescue people, control hazardous materials, perform fire prevention duties, and attend to the injured. Many people think that the fire service is a fairly modern idea due to the industrial revolution. Some researchers have said that firefighting was first started and organized in ancient Egypt. There is evidence of firefighting machinery was used in Ancient Egypt, including a water pump that was developed by Ctesibius of Alexandria in the third century BC which was later improved upon in a design by Hero of Alexandria in the first century BC. One of the first well documented fire brigade or suppression team was the ones of the Roman Empire. The Roman emperor Augustus is credited with instituting a corps of fire-fighting "watchmen" in 24 BC. Regulations for checking and preventing fires were developed. The first Roman fire brigade of which we have any substantial history was created by Marcus Licinius Crassus. Marcus Licinius Crassus was born into a wealthy Roman family around the year 115 BC, and acquired an enormous...
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...Gary Scott Ard Columbia Southern University MSE 5201-10A-4A12-S1 Professor Donald Adams Running head: The Charleston Fire Abstract On June 18th, 2007 nine firefighters died in the line of duty fighting a fire at the Sofa Super Store. The way of life for firefighters in Charleston, SC was thus changed forever. The history and mindset of the department would change forever following the tragic event. This event would change the department’s way of doing business forever. The Charleston Fire Department (CFD) was established as a full time service in 1882. The department possesses sixteen engines and three ladder trucks. A large scale department with modern equipment yet stuck in an ancient time when it came to performing firefighting objectives. There had always been a ideology that a firefighter who wasn’t rushing into any situation without concern for many safety related issues was not a good firefighter. It was the mindset of many employees that rushing in and putting out of a fire was all they needed to worry about-this was a deadly mindset passed down through ranks by leadership and the Chief. This was a very outdated way of thinking in the fire service, unfortunately Charleston had fell behind the times and refused to progress as time moved forward. The departments’ philosophy was one of interdependency and did not feel the need to look beyond their own doors for anything. Charleston felt as though they had existed well beyond a hundred years and why...
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... Gary Scott Ard Columbia Southern University MSE 5201-10A-4A12-S1 Professor Donald Adams Running head: The Charleston Fire Abstract On June 18th, 2007 nine firefighters died in the line of duty fighting a fire at the Sofa Super Store. The way of life for firefighters in Charleston, SC was thus changed forever. The history and mindset of the department would change forever following the tragic event. This event would change the department’s way of doing business forever. The Charleston Fire Department (CFD) was established as a full time service in 1882. The department possesses sixteen engines and three ladder trucks. A large scale department with modern equipment yet stuck in an ancient time when it came to performing firefighting objectives. There had always been a ideology that a firefighter who wasn’t rushing into any situation without concern for many safety related issues was not a good firefighter. It was the mindset of many employees that rushing in and putting out of a fire was all they needed to worry about-this was a deadly mindset passed down through ranks by leadership and the Chief. This was a very outdated way of thinking in the fire service, unfortunately Charleston had fell behind the times and refused to progress as time moved forward. The departments’ philosophy was one of interdependency and did not feel the need to look beyond their own doors for anything. Charleston felt as though they had existed well beyond a hundred years and why continue...
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...Xiao Liang Kelly Robert English 101-02 Essay #3 3/30/2014 What Did the Firefighters Die for? A Response to Timothy Egan Do you have a friend or a relative who is a firefighter? Have you heard of what firefighters do? Have you seen how firefighters rescue people and property at the spot or on television? What is a firefighter? A firefighter also known as a fireman, is a rescuer extensively trained in firefighting, primarily to extinguish hazardous fires that threaten property and civilian or natural populations and to rescue people from dangerous situations, like collapsed or burning buildings. Luckily or unluckily, my cousin work as a firefighter. Since he became a firefighter, I never saw him at home having the dinner with us in Chinese New Year. He has to stand guard, and wait for the order if there something happen. We all know that the job as a firefighter is really dangerous. There is an explosion in my city as a result of the oil spilling. All of the firefighters including my cousin in my city went to the first rescue line to save lives and buildings. Everyone is in danger. Unfortunately, someone died in that accident. So that comes to problem: Should firefighters contribute their lives to save other’s lives or properties? My answer is no. It might because that I have someone who has the relationship with me in blood. So that I feel his life is important for me. I want him to protect his own life instead of saving others. How fire happens? It is clear that there...
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...INTRODUCTION Fire is defined as a chemical change accompanied by the emission of heat and light and after flame, usually a change consisting in the combination of carbon compounds with oxygen of the air. Since fire was invented during the ancient times it brought many changes in mans way of life. Today with the modern technology, we are experiencing the comfort brought about with the innovations done since fire was discovered. Fire has many uses to man but if left unattended it has always been a serious hazard with devastating result. Fire accidents don't just happen there will always be a cause and some general causes behind every fire outbreak are carelessness, negligence or even ignorance on the part of the people. Fire destroys life and property earned with persistent effort and sacrifice. Due to carelessness and negligence it causes loss of life, injuries and heavy damage and the loss caused by fire cannot be restored. According to the records of the Bureau of Fire Protection the destruction caused by fire is reaching an alarming proportion that is definitely affecting the economy and the progress of the nation. In the last 5 years, the BFP has estimated the damage to as high as P24.27 billion or an average loss of more than P19.29 million daily. The month of March is declared as Fire Prevention Month, with pursuant to Presidential Decree 115-A. With this mandate it gives wide information dissemination on fire prevention and suppression, national consciousness and involvement...
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