...International Research Journal of Social Sciences_____________________________________ ISSN 2319–3565 Vol. 2(10), 11-15, October (2013) Int. Res. J. Social Sci. Women Health in India: An Analysis Sunilkumar M Kamalapur1 and Somanath Reddy2 1 Women’s Studies, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-06, Karnataka, INDIA 2 Social Work, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-06, Karnataka, INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 29th August 2013, revised 21st September 2013, accepted 5th October 2013 Abstract If health is defined ‘as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’, it follows that existence is a necessary condition for aspiring for health. The girl child in India is increasingly under threat. In recent decades, there has been an alarming decrease in the child sex ratio (0-4 years) in the country. Access to technological advances of ultra sonography and India’s relatively liberal laws on abortion have been misused to eliminate female foetuses. From 958 girls to every 1000 boys in 1991, the ratio has declined to 934 girls to 1000 boys in 2001. In some states in western and north western India, there are less than 900 girls to 1000 boys. The sex ratio is at its worst in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Gujarat, where severe practices of seclusion and deprivation prevail. Often in contiguous areas in these states, the ratio dips distressingly below 800 girls to every 1000...
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...Course: Health & Society Course ID: HEA101 Course Instructor: Kazi Md. Abul Kalam Azad Contact Information: Room 10010, 10th floor, School of Public Health, IUB. E-mail: akazad71@gmail.com Course Duration: January –April, 2011 on Mondays and Wednesdays Course content: The course will provide a brief overview of human anatomy and functioning of the body. The course will also look into elements of the society that improve or negatively impacts people’s health and well-being. A contextual focus is important to understand individual and community health and health disparities within a multicultural, global context. Different understandings of health, well-being and illness, how people cope and live with disease, and how health and illness is shaped by contextual factors will be seen. Learning outcomes: At the end of the course the students will know the fundamentals of how the human body functions and factors associated with illness and disease. They will know how health of people around the globe has been shaped over time with changes in sanitation, food consumption, and education, access to diverse kind of health facilities e.t.c. Students learn to engage in critical reflection of health related issues in any particular populations and take look into it with a diversified perspective in order to plan, implement and evaluate population health initiatives. Teaching: The teaching will be given through lectures, class room discussions/seminars of health related...
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...SBA: it ensures a quick transfer to appropriate service when obstetric emergencies arise. These results explain that remote areas need the improvement of access to health care service and encourages them to make a right decision on their own health. Introduction In order to overcome the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) over 400 per 100,000 live births and to increase health access in remote areas, Indonesian government implemented the village midwife program in 1989 and had posted more than 54000 village midwives in rural areas by 1998. A village midwife was trained and certified as a skilled birth attendant (SBA) by the government. Their duties were to provide antenatal care (ANC), family planning, nutrition counseling, and to manage deliveries....
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...was do not necessarily reflect those of IDRC. originally presented at the meetings of the Canadian Institute for the Advancement of Women held in Quebec City, November 1988. 2 During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency both inside and outside academic settings. But while "women in development" or "WID", is understood integration of women into global processes the of to mean economic, political and social growth and change, there often is confusion about the meaning of two more recent acronyms, This paper will begin with assumptions embedded look at the in an "WID," "WAD" and "dAD". examination of meanings and "WAD" and "GAD" and then will extent to which differing views of the relationship between gender and development have influenced research, policymaking and international agency thinking since the mid1960s. it is suggested that each term has been associated with a varying set of assumptions and has led to the formulation of different strategies for the participation of women in development strategies. ORIGINS 1. women in Development The term "women in development" came into use in the early 1970s, after the publication of Ester Boserup's Economic Development (1970). Boserup was Women's Role in the first to systematically delineate on a global level the sexual division of 3 labour that existed in changes that occured agrarian economies. She analysed the traditional agricultural...
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...expressed here are those of the author and This paper was do not necessarily reflect those of IDRC. originally presented at the meetings of the Canadian Institute for the Advancement of Women held in Quebec City, November 1988. 2 During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency both inside and outside academic settings. But while "women in development" or "WID", is understood to mean the integration of women into global processes of economic, political and social growth and change, there often is confusion about the meaning of two more recent acronyms, "WAD" and "dAD". This paper will begin with in an examination of meanings and "WAD" and "GAD" and assumptions embedded look at the "WID," then will extent to which differing views of the relationship between gender and development have influenced research, policymaking and international agency thinking since the mid1960s. it is suggested that each term has been associated with a varying set of assumptions and has led to the formulation of different strategies for the development strategies. participation of women in ORIGINS 1. women in Development The term "women in development" came into use in the early Women's Role in 1970s, after the publication of Ester Boserup's Economic Development (1970). Boserup was the first to systematically delineate on a global level the sexual division of 3 labour that existed in in agrarian economies. She analysed the ...
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...| | |Marketing | |Individual Assignment- Fernwood Fitness Delivering Value | |[pic] | | | | | | | | | Executive Summary This report provides information on the value provided or the lack thereof by a specific product of Fernwood Fitness, which is the Basic Gym Membership. The 4Ps of marketing was used in order to better explain how value is delivered by this product. It elaborates on how the product delivers value to the customers by providing what was promised and more, how the pricing of the product delivers value to the customers, how promotion provides value to existing...
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...Maria Lwantale Stephanie Wilhelm English 112 April 20, 2013 Genital mutilation: Negotiating Human Rights and Culture! I come from a small country called Uganda. We perform certain acts not because we want to, but as culture dictates. I remember being oblivious to genital mutilation, but all this changed during my years in high school because I attended boarding school. As adolescents, we enjoyed talking about our sexuality and bodies. One sunny Saturday evening, as we sat down in our dormitory, one of the girls asked if anyone had under gone genital mutilation just like her. Diana yelled out loud: “It was one of the most embarrassing and painful experiences I have ever gone through.” She said that it is held in a group setting and the act involves cutting off one’s labia minora. I was in total dismay! My family chose to stubbornly ignore certain cultural acts and this is one I am happy to have skipped judging from the information I know right now. The second time I heard of it was during my last year in high school. We had a social studies class that everyone used to enjoy so much because it had some very interesting topics. Interesting and controversial topics just like female genital mutilation. The topic at hand one chilly morning was female genital mutilation. I was prone to being absent minded and being mentally absent from class. Just hearing the three words woke me up. Ms. Kelly Miti described it as the cutting off of a few of a woman’s sexual parts which I found...
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...Time is a term that is closely associated with change. Nothing remains the same over time. Progress and regress are presented in every aspect of life. Literature illustrates this on several occasions. This may be exemplified by observing Trifles by Susan Glaspell. Trifles illustrates adverse identifications of women in earlier Americana that correlate to the identity women maintain in our current society. Male dominance is one of the central themes displayed throughout the play. The women identified in Trifles have modest voices compared to their male counterparts. This causes numerous opportunities for male dominance from the beginning to the end of the play. Their opinions are blatantly disregarded. An instance of male dominance may be illustrated by the interaction between Mr. Henderson and Mrs. Hale. Mr. Henderson requests information regarding Mrs. Hale's relationship with the Wrights. Once Mrs. Hale begins to provide details regarding the Wrights' lifestyle, Mr. Henderson stops her mid-sentence and demands a brief answer. Another instance of male dominance is displayed when men brought attention to the women's handy work. When Mrs. Wright constructed a quilt, the men basically made fun of the women's craft. This is illustrated by the lines that state, “Mrs. Hale: It’s log cabin pattern. Pretty, isn’t it? I wonder if she was goin’ to quilt or just knot it? Sherrif: They wonder if she was going to quilt it or just knot it. (the men laugh, the women look abashed).” (Glaspell)...
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...formation of the United Nations Commission on the Status for Women in 1946, it had been proposing a U. N. Women’s Conference with little success. Gradually with pressure from the American Women‟s Movement, the U.N. General Assembly declared 1975 as the International Women’s Year and 1975-1985 as the International Decade for Women. This declaration led to a growing awareness of women‟s issues and an acceptance of their demands as legitimate issues for policy making, both at the national and international level. The major themes of the International Women’s Year and Conference were-- Equality, Development and Peace. Equality, however, had been a dominant issue for the U.N. Commission on the Status of Women and it came primarily from the feminist movement of the Western industrialized nations. Peace was increasingly considered to be a women issue by the countries of the Eastern block. Development, on the other hand, was a recent issue put forward mainly by the newly independent “Third World” nations as a key to improving women’s lives. During the Decade, the important but previously invisible role of women in the social and economic development of the poorer countries was highlighted. The declaration of the International Decade for Women (1975-85) signified the new visibility of Women in Development (WID) in international forums. During the past few years, the term "women in development" has become common currency both inside and outside academic settings. But while "women...
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...world. Elizabeth Blackwell’s accomplishments led her to become one of the first revolutionary women to shake up the woman’s suffrage movement in the mid-1800s. She came of age in a time where most women felt ashamed about their bodies, so ashamed that they would forgo an examination by a male physician if they fell ill. While seen as the norm in modern day society, the idea of a female doctor in the 19th century evoked feelings of disbelief and sandal, even to a conservative...
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...General awareness of this information is undervalued as is the fact that menopause may be expedited by unhealthy lifestyle choices. Understanding healthy life style choices and its relationship to these symptoms are paramount to decreasing health risk factors and potential chronic disease associated with the perimenopausal to menopausal woman. Additional health problems can complicate the hormone therapy treatment of menopausal symptoms and should be evaluated and followed carefully by the woman’s healthcare provider before initiating. Educational materials, information, and awareness need to be brought to attention of both the patient and the physicians for the consideration of the underrepresented stages and symptoms of menopause. Overall Program Goal It is the goal of this coalition to increase awareness of signs and symptoms of menopause to the general public thereby working to increase effective interventions. By helping women to understand what their body is going through it is possible to help influence healthier lifestyle choices that can contribute to a better overall wellbeing. Not only would healthier lifestyle choices bring about some alleviation of menopausal symptoms, but also decrease the risk of chronic health diseases. Menopause is a normal process that a woman’s body goes through. It can be confused with various other diagnoses and be inadvertently overlooked. Treatment of menopausal symptoms can also contribute to...
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...are particularly high in a subset of countries. These are countries where pre-existing high infant mortality rates and/or low rates of female schooling, combined with decelerating growth rates, substantially raise the vulnerability of women and girls to the deleterious effects of the crisis. Their situation is even more precarious in the sub-set of countries where limited fiscal resources constrain governments’ ability to cushion human impacts. If left unchecked, these crisis consequences on women will reverse progress in gender equality and women’s empowerment (and in meeting the MDGs), increase current poverty and imperil future development. Fortunately, policy responses which build on women’s roles as economic agents and their preference for investing resources in child well-being can go a long way towards mitigating these negative effects. These responses are good for women and for development– they yield high returns in terms of containing current and future poverty—and should be enacted quickly. Assessing women and girls’ vulnerability Women and girls in poor households in developing countries everywhere, but especially in 33 countries characterized by pre-existing high infant mortality rates and/or low female schooling and undergoing declining growth, are highly vulnerable to...
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...If she had won, Democrats and their policies for the next four years would have continued to become more pro-choice. According to Ron Elving of NPR, Democrats under President Obama have increasingly become more pro-abortion. He explains, there was a large sect of Democrats who traditionally sided with the pro-life Republican view, but after Obama left office in 2017, that sect is almost gone. Pro-choice ideology in Congress has suddenly been halted after President Trump’s remarks about women, abortion, and winning the election. Democrats will fight, even harder, for the idea of women’s abortion rights. They will also pay close attention to the controversial (women’s reproductive rights-abortion-health care provider) Planned Parenthood because they are keen on keeping the organization open to...
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...most dramatic changes in the legal profession in recent years has been the influx of women. In many countries women now constitute close to half of all law students, although it will be the turn of the century before this representation is fully mirrored among practitioners. In this paper, we make an analysis of the barriers to gender equality between first and third world countries. We try understand the reason why there is a gender gap in the legal establishment in countries such as the United States of America, Canada and Australia, entry into the so-called-learned profession has been a march in developed countries with very low or limited discrimination as compared to the third world country of Botswana. INTRODUCTION Barriers to women’s entry into the legal profession seem to have disappeared. Over the past decade the number of women graduating from law school and practicing law has grown enormously in most industrialized, Western including the African continent societies. Despite women graduating from law schools in significant numbers, they continue to lag behind in the most prestigious positions in the legal fraternity. The law profession is historically a male dominated profession in the western countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States of America. However, in Botswana,...
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...Nurse practitioner From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the United States, nurse practitioners have a national board certification. Nurse Practitioners can be educated and nationally certified in areas of Family Health (FNP), Pediatrics, including Pediatric Acute/Chronic Care, Pediatric Critical Care, Pediatric Oncology and general Pediatrics (PNP), Neonatology (NNP), Gerontology (GNP), Women's Health (WHNP), Psychiatry & Mental Health (PMHNP), Acute Care (ACNP), Adult Health (ANP), Oncology (FNP, ACNP, ANP, PNP or ANP) Emergency (as FNP or ACNP), Occupational Health (as ANP or FNP), etc. In Canada, NPs are licensed by the province or territory in which they practice. The advanced practice nursing role began to take shape in the mid-20th century United States. Nurse anesthetists and nurse midwives were established in the 1940s, followed by psychiatric nursing in 1954. The present day concept of the APN as a primary care provider was created in the mid-1960s, spurred on by a shortage of doctors. The first official training program for NPs in the United States was created in 1965, with a vision to help balance rising health care costs, increase the number of health care providers, and correct the inefficient distribution of health resources. There was some confusion about the varying titles and abilities of advanced practice nurses as the role was developed, which has persisted as the authority and responsibilities of the NP have evolved over time. [edit]...
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