...2015 Pica Millions of people have to deal with inner demons on a daily basis, some more serious than others but one that is severe, is Pica disorder. Pica is a feeding disorder characterized by the persistent eating of nonnutritive substances. Some of the substances ingested are chalk, glass, cigarettes, toy parts, thread, hair, foam, clay, and feces. Although some people with DD seem to consume nonfood items rather indiscriminately, others tend to “specialize” by regularly ingesting one or two particular preferred items (Stiegler, 2005). The type of substance ingested tends to vary by age (Reel, 2013). The most cases of pica occur in children between 2 and 3 years old. It is very rare for adults to have pica, usually it is due to a developmental disability or a mental disorder (e.g. autism and schizophrenia). The eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances may also manifest in pregnancy, when specific cravings might occur (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Pica is not classified in to main eating disorder section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Rather, it is categorized within feeding and eating disorders or infancy or early childhood due to the fact that its highest frequency of occurrence is among children (Reel, 2013). This non-food cravings eating disorder can be found in 10 percent to 32 percent of children between the ages of 1 and 6, according to the National Library of Medicine. There is no single known etiology for pica. Risk...
Words: 770 - Pages: 4
...I. Introduction A. Attention Getter – I know most of us as kids like putting anything we find in our mouth whether it is dirty or clean, but with pica we eat anything we see because we have a craving for the unexplainably. B. Tie to the Audience – Remember how when we were small at the playground our parents let us play in the sandbox. Since we were curious little kids and we love the texture and the feel of the sand we wanted to taste the sand and see if it tastes as good as it feels. We took up a whole heaping and put it in out mouth to taste it, but it doesn’t taste as good as it feels. Pica is similar but you cannot control what you crave to eat and it can be deadly. C. Credentials – pica disorder effects children and adults, the effects...
Words: 1050 - Pages: 5
...Pica Disorder: “Eating disorders are a serious mental illness, not a lifestyle choice.” Millions of people have to deal with inner demons on a daily basis, some more serious than others but one that is severe, is Pica disorder. Pica disorder is an eating disorder where people have an appetite for non-nutritive, inedible materials and become addicted to eating items such as clay, nail polish, drywall, light bulbs and much more. This disorder causes victims to eat unimaginable things and causes many medical problems in the process. Some doctors believe that this disorder is just complication of the mental psyche, but there is more underlying issues that cause this disorder. Thus, Pica disorder is caused by a combination of biochemical, environmental and psychological factors. Biochemical factors are located in the brain and are chemical or mineral that control our brians health. A patient can have an abundance or a shortage of certain chemical or mineral, which can cause serious problems within the brains processes. Many victims that have pica disorder, have severe iron and zinc deficiency. Therefore patients begin to crave certain item that one would not normally desire such as magnets, light bulbs, nail polish, and much more that contain high amounts of iron and zinc in there make up. They tend to eat an abundance of materials that satisfy what there body is craving. At some point the victims tend to believe that what they are ingesting is helping them so they continue...
Words: 1914 - Pages: 8
...CASE STUDY 1 – THE CHILDREN WITH LEAD POISONING A physician working for the US Public Health Service moves to Los Angeles to assume the directorship of an inner-city health care facility for the disadvantaged. Over a period of time, she notices that an unusually large number of children brought to clinic are experiencing joint pain, difficulty walking and excessive salivation. Some have had seizures. Also many of their parents note that the children’s personalities have changed, with normally outgoing children becoming shy and withdrawn. The physician decides to investigate the situation and contacts the CDC, which sends an epidemiologist to assist her. They obtain more complete medical histories for 15 children, ranging from 6-15 years of age and perform blood and urine tests on each. In addition to the signs and symptoms already noted, the children frequently report numbness and tingling in their limbs; they perform poorly on hearing, vision and intelligence tests; their lab results how reduced RBC counts and traces of lead in blood and urine. All of these children live in the same housing project, play together in the same neighborhood and contribute a little to the family finances by salvaging scrap metal from a closed manufacturing plant nearby and selling it to recyclers. When the epidemiologist inspects the site, he finds paint peeling from the factory walls and dust on the floor composed in large part of pulverized paint chips. Analysis of the paint chips and dust...
Words: 1216 - Pages: 5
...Title The properties and characteristics that constitute a tragedy have evolved since the time of the Greeks. Recently, in the 20th century, Arthur Miller published an essay that gives a modern definition of what a tragedy is and lists the properties and characteristics that a play must contain to actually be considered a tragedy. Miller states that a play is recognized as a tragedy when it presents a character that is willing to “lay down his life, if need be, to secure one thing–his sense of personal dignity.” This character is trying to find his “‘rightful’ position in society,” but is eventually destroyed by shame that is caused by what is perceived as unfair treatment. Therefore, according to Miller, tragedy is the consequence of a man’s need to evaluate himself fairly (Miller “Tragedy”). The three dramas being evaluated, The Tragedy of Othello, Oedipus Rex, and Death of a Salesman, all fit this definition of a tragedy to some degree. The degree to which the parameters of dramatic tragedy are fulfilled in each play increases from The Tragedy of Othello to Oedipus Rex to Death of a Salesman. Out of the plays being analyzed, The Tragedy of Othello is the least tragic of the three. Othello, as a character, is a tragic hero that does actually give his own life in order to secure his sense of personal dignity (Shakespeare 1542). Othello feels that, despite the influence of Iago, he himself caused Desdemona's death as well as much of the other damage and tragedy that...
Words: 608 - Pages: 3
...An affected person might eat relatively harmless items, such as ice. Or they might eat potentially dangerous items, like flakes of dried paint or pieces of metal. Pica can lead to serious consequences, such as lead poisoning. Symptoms People with pica eat nonfood items regularly. The behavior must continue for at least one month to qualify as pica. · Ice · Soap · Hair · Sand · Paint Possible causes There’s no single cause of pica. In some cases, a deficiency in iron, zinc, or another nutrient may be associated with pica. Some people may even enjoy and crave the textures or flavors of certain nonfood items. In some cultures, eating clay is an accepted behavior. Dieting and malnourishment can both lead to pica. In these cases, eating nonfood items may help you feel full. How Pica Disorder affects health Eating certain nonfood items can sometimes lead to other serious conditions. These conditions can include: · poisoning, such as lead poisoning · intestinal blockages ·...
Words: 419 - Pages: 2
...Although it is small in size, it has a wide range of functions. The medulla receives blood from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), anterior spinal artery and posterior spinal artery and the vertebral artery. The PICA, ASA, and PSA are all branches of the vertebral artery, the PICA being the largest of the three. The anterior spinal artery supplies the ventral region of the medulla while the posterior spinal artery supplies the dorsal region. The PICA supplies specifically, the lateral portion of the medulla. Wallenberg’s syndrome involves thrombosis of the PICA. The infarction causes the tissue to die in that area of the medulla. The internal carotid and basilar artery are connected via Circle of Willis, which allows blood to pass from one system to another in the event of a blockage...
Words: 1368 - Pages: 6
...Bihejvioristička segmentacija 24 Opis ciljnog segmenta 24 Ciljevi 25 Marketing ciljevi 25 Komunikacijski ciljevi 25 MARKETING MIKS 26 Proizvod 26 Cijena 28 Distribucija 29 Promocija 30 Oglašavanje 30 Unapređenje prodaje i lična prodaja 34 Odnosi s javnošću 35 Budžet 36 Vremenski plan aktivnosti, način implementacije i odgovornosti 41 Kontrola 45 Zaključci i preporuke 46 Literatura 47 Analiza tržišta Tržište bezalkoholnih pića se iz godine u godinu sve više širi. Poslijednih godina u Bosni i Hercegovini izgrađeno je mnogo novih kapacieteta za proizvodnju bezalkoholnih pića kao što su flaširana izvorska voda i osvježavajuća bezalkoholna pića. Ti kapaciteti se koriste samo od 20-50 % zbog niske stope izvoza te jako visoke stope uvoza. Bosanskohercegovačke kompanije proizvode oko 350 miliona litara bezalkoholnih pića godišnje od čega pola otpada na flaširanu vodu. Već dugi niz godina tržišni lider je kompanija Coca Cola. Na sljedećim tabelama imamo prikaz uvoza i izvoza bezalkoholnih pića u Bosni i Hercegovini : Naziv proizvoda | Izvoz 2011 (kg) | Izvoz 2011 (KM) | Izvoz 2010 (kg)...
Words: 5816 - Pages: 24
...People get tired of listening to teachers for a long period of time. Recess will get people re-energized and get the blood flowing. Sometimes people just need to clear their mind of school stresses. I believe children should have recess and that recess is necessary. The average student sits in a class for 7 hours without a break except a 20-30 minute lunch. It is likely that a student will get tired of listening to a teacher that long. For instance, you’ve seen students in the back of the class with their head down sleeping. Rae Pica argues that, “Research dating back to the late 1800s indicates the people learn better and faster when their efforts are distributed, rather than concentrated.”...
Words: 562 - Pages: 3
...Typography Glossary STYLES: Black: Script with angular outlines developed in Germany which superceded the lighter Roman of the 12th century. The term is also applied to types developed from it, such as Fraktur, Gothic and Old English. Bold: A version of the Roman cut with wider stroke. Also called medium, semi-bold, black, super or poster. Book: Weight of a typeface suitable for setting large areas of text. Caps: Typeset with most or all initials in capitals and other letters in small caps instead of lower case. Condensed: A narrower version of the Roman cut. Decorative: Fancy or speciality fonts for headings, etc. Dingbat: A decorative device usually incorporated with pi format. Expanded: Type that is elongated in width proportionate to its height. Italics: A version of the Roman cut that angles to the right t some point between 7-20 Degrees. Oblique: A slanted version of Roman cut. Often mistakenly referred to as “italics”. Plain: Roman: The basic letterform. Sans Serif: A font without decorative serifs. Typically with little stroke thickness variation, a larger x-height and no stress in rounded strokes. Script: A typeface designed to imitate handwriting. Serif: A small stroke at the end of a main vertical or horizontal stroke. Also used as a classification for typefaces that contain decorative rounded, pointed, square or slab serif finishing strokes. Slab Serif: A font with heavy, squared off finishing strokes...
Words: 1624 - Pages: 7
...What is Graphic Design? * Visual Arts * Typography * Page Layout * Cave Paintings * 105 AD- Paper was invented * The Moveable Type Press * Eliminated the need for hand written reproduction * Graphic Designer – invented by William Addison Dwiggins * Douglass Englebart- Invented the Mouse * 1984- The Macintosh was invented * Graphic Design has increased over the years since technology has come about * The GOALS of Graphic Design: * To create a visual representation of information with a sense of order and clarity to make it easier for the viewer to understand. * A graphic designer must keep up with technology and skills. What makes a design great? * Form * Visually appealing * Colors are in harmony * Well-chosen typefaces * Feeling * Stays on message * Cohesive mood throughout * Evokes the proper emotional response * Function * Serves its purpose * Easy to read and understand * Executable (Print, packaging, etc.) * Form without function is just a pretty sheet of paper –Unknown- Four main categories of graphic design: * Print advertisement * Ads should be: * Simple and Ironic * Representative of the brand * Able to tell a story without words * Business Cards * Clean and elegant * Legible * Informative ...
Words: 1361 - Pages: 6
...Introduction Despite the unpredictable economy in the Philippines in the past few years, the food industry manages to keep afloat and even manifest a remarkable growth. Blame it on Filipino’s love for food; people in the Philippines love to eat. Food dominates their lives and has become the basis of their social life. They eat three meals a day and two snacks in between. As a matter of fact, there are seven official meals known as breakfast, snacks, lunch, merienda, pica-pica, dinner and pulutan. And when it comes to taste, if other Asian countries prefer it spicy, Filipinos love it sweet. They always have a fondness for something sweeter than usual. Filipinos like sweet style spaghetti and not the sour taste like the Italian one. They love the sweetness of banana ketchup in the pasta recipe. Above all, pork or chicken barbeque is marinated in soy sauce, sugar, ketchup. And of course the sweeter the taste the better – sweet is the taste of love in the Philippines. It is trendy to eat foods that are creating a big buzz in the country, like hamburgers, siomai, frozen yogurt, take out noodles, scramble, sisig and chicken barbeque. Mainly, Filipinos are known as rice eaters, meals are never complete without eating rice. Despite that, Filipinos are still keen in eating Western burgers, sandwiches and pasta. But the important place of rice remains irreplaceable. These days, young brands like Burger Project, Crave Burger, Brothers Burger or its cheaper buy-one-take-one...
Words: 509 - Pages: 3
...FAKULTET ORGANIZACIONIH NAUKA SEMINARSKI RAD Tema: Pojam ekoloske odrzivosti u kompaniji PepsiCo, Inc. Profesor: Dr. Natasa Petrovic Student: Ivan Kostic 349/05 Beograd, jun 2011. Oblast Ekoloske odrzivosti u PepsiCo kompaniji mozemo podeliti u 4 zasebne celine koje cemo u daljem tekstu i opisati sagledavajuci kako ostvarene tako i planirane ciljeve: * Voda * Zemljiste i pakovanje * Klimatske promene * Zajednice VODA * Unaprediti upotrebnu efikasnost koriscenja nase vode po jedinici proizvoda za 20% do 2015. godine. Efikasnost koriscenja vode je vec dugo fokus u vezi zivotne sredine PepsiCo kompanije. Tokom treceg kvartala 2010. godine, nas globalni biznis u sektoru hrane i pica smanjio je stepen koriscenja vode za 19,5% u odnosu na 2006. godinu. I mi smo na putu da ostvarimo ciljeve nase kompanije za 2015. godinu. Unapredjenjem postrojenja novim tehnologijama je jedan od nasih glavnih nacina postizanja zadatih ciljeva. Na primer, nas Frito-Lay objekat u Casa Grande u Arizoni je snabdeven sa najmodernijom opremom za preciscavanje vode i obogacivanje vode koji moze reciklirati i ponovo koristiti cak do 75% koriscenje vode u proizvodnji. Slicna tehnologija je takodje postavljena u nasim Tingalpa postrojenjima u Australiji, oblasti poznatoj po kriticnoj snabdevenosti vodom. Mi cemo nastaviti da primenjujemo lekcije naucene u jednom postrojenju a delovacemo vodjeni njima u svim ostalim postrojenjima sirom planete. * Teznja za pozitivnim...
Words: 2165 - Pages: 9
...La tradición del amor La obra Como agua para chocolate, escrita por Laura Esquivel, trata de una familia Mexicana y la búsqueda para amor verdadero con Tita (la hija de Mama Elena) y Pedro. Dentro de esta historia, el tema de tradición emerge. Esto aparece a través de la importancia de la cocina, matrimonio y amor, y las ideas feministas. En el texto, está claro que para que el amor verdadero tener éxito, hay que romper las tradiciones y las expectativas sociales. Un ejemplo de una tradición que se detiene Tita de ser libre para amar es Mamá Elena diciendo que la hija menor no puede casarse. Ella recuerda Tita diciendo: “Pues más vale que le informes que si es para pedir tu mano, no lo haga. Perdería su tiempo y me haría perder el mío. Sabes muy bien que por ser la más chica de las mujeres a ti te corresponde cuidarme hasta el día de mi muerte” (Esquivel, 10). Esta regla es lo que comienza la separación entre Pedro y Tita. De hecho, la única razón Pedro se casa con Rosaura es estar más cerca de Tita. Debido a esto, esta tradición de la familia crea más tensión entre Tita y hombres como John Brown y Pedo, y también su hermana Rosaura. Esta tensión es más evidente durante la boda de Rosaura. Porque Pedro no realmente la amaba, Rosaura es siempre celoso de Tita y vive una vida infeliz. Mama Elena muestra su poder cuando dice a Tita: “…ni voy a permitir que le arruines a tu hermana su boda, con tu actitud de víctima. Desde ahora te vas a encargar de los preparativos...
Words: 1588 - Pages: 7
...Case Study 1-The Children with Lead Poisoning 1) What is the etiology of the mental and physiological signs shown by these patients? -The cause of the mental and physiological signs shown by these patients is lead poisoning. The toxins within the lead are effecting the brain and nerves of the patients. 2) What risk factors for lead poisoning can you identify in this case study? -In this particular case study the risk factors include: Occupation-children collecting scrap metal with in a lead infested old factory for money Age- children from ages 6 to 15 were the ones salvaging the scrap metal Diet- the elderly woman’s habit of compulsively chewing on nonnutritive substances 3) Is lead a toxin? -According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), “No amount of lead is safe. Eliminating all lead exposure in our environment is our best course of action. New findings from NIEHS-supported grantees, as well as the National Toxicology Program (NTP) have found many adverse health effects in both children and adults at blood levels below 10 micrograms per deciliter (ug/dL) and for some below 5 ug/dL.” (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences 2014.) 4) Do any of the people in this story exhibit idiopathic lead poisoning? Why or Why not? -No, the term idiopathic is defined as a disease in which no cause can be identified. Due to the fact that the reason for all the signs...
Words: 732 - Pages: 3
