SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS LACK BUSINESS SKILLS TRAINING, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL INNOVATION

By: Marisa Cloete
Mini Research Proposal
History and Theory of Graphic Design 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………………………….....3
LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………………………………..4
APPENDIX…………………………………………………………………………………………….4
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ………………………………………………………………………..…..5

CHAPTER 1: RESEARCH PROBLEM …………………………………………………………...6
1.1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………...6
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM ……………..……………………………………6
1.3 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM …………….…………..………………,.7
1.4.1 MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION .....................................................................................7
1.4.2 SUB-QUESTION ….....……………………………………………………..………………....7

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW …………………………………………..………………..8
2.1 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………….….……………….8
2.2 SOCIAL INNOVATION, SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR BASIC NEEDS…….8
2.3 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS NEED SKILLS AND TRAINING. ……….……..…………….9
2.4 CASE STUDIES: SUCCESFULL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS …..……………………..11
2.4.1 LOCAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH ……….…….....11
2.4.2 INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH…....12
2.5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ……………………..……..……...………..13

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY …….…………….…………….14
3.1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………..…………….……………….14
3.2 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ………………………….………..……....…….……………….14
3.3 OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION NEEDED ………………….…..…..…….……………….14
3.3.1 DELINEATION OF MY RESEARCH ………...…………………………………………14
3.4 RESEARCH SAMPLING ………………..……………………….…..…….…..……………..15
3.4.1 THE TYPES OF BUSINESS SKILL TRAINING NEEDED……………..…………….15
3.4.2 WHAT IS MEANT BY ‘EDUCATION NEEDED’...……………………………………..15
3.4.3 STRENGTHENING ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND INNOVATION IN THE SCHOOLING SYSTEM………………………………………….…………………………………16
3.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH …………………………….………………………………16
3.6 ETHICS ……………………..………...…..…….…………………….…………………..…....16
3.7 TIMELINE ……………………………..……..…….…………………….………………..…....16 3.8 CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATIONS ……..…….………………………...……......18 3.9 LIST OF FIGURES ….…………………………………………………………………..…..…20
3.9.1 FIGURE 1: …….…………………………………………………………………..……....20
3.9.2 FIGURE 2: ……………………………………………………………………….…….….21
3.9.3 FIGURE 3: ………………………....……………………………………….……............22
3.9.4 FIGURE 4: ………………………………………………………………………………...23
3.9.5 FIGURE 5: ……………………………………………………………………………......24

3.10 LIST OF REFERENCES …………………..…………….…………....…….………………25

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Social Innovation: Social innovation is the genuine trap of turning out to be new, sometimes frequently risky and are also plans that work towards meeting social destination. Social innovation is broadcasted as having the potential for having a huge impact on grasping societal difficulties (Dervojeda, et al. 2015).
Social Entrepreneurs: A person who pursues an innovative idea with the potential to solve a community problem. These individuals are willing to take on the risk and effort to create positive changes in society through their initiatives (Investopedia. 2015).
Innovation: A new idea, more effective device or process. The action or process of innovating. Innovation generally refers to changing or creating more effective processes, products and ideas, and can increase the likelihood of a business succeeding. Businesses that innovate create more efficient work processes and have better productivity and performance (business.gov.au. 2015).
Unemployment: Unemployment is defined as a situation where someone of working age is not able to get a job but would like to be in full time employment (Pettinger. 2010).
Qualitative research: Subjective examination isolates information from direct hands on work perceptions, all around, open-finished get-togethers, and shaped reports. Subjective bosses tune in naturalistic requesting, concentrate certifiable settings inductively to make rich record outlines and make applicable examinations. Inductive examination crosswise over cases yields cases and subjects, the aftereffect of subjective examination (Patton. 2015).

CHAPTER 1: RESEARCH PROBLEM
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This research proposal will briefly outline my research on social entrepreneurs’ lacking education, business skills training and social innovation in South Africa. The aim of this research proposal is to clearly understand the problem statement of my topic, as well as the purpose of this proposal. My problem statement, to further elaborate, involves the challenges faced by social youth entrepreneurs, more specifically the fundamental elements which entrepreneurs usually possess to be successful. Additional references will be discussed to support my problem statement. This proposal will not only address the needs of social entrepreneurs, but it will also unpack both local and international successful entrepreneurs and their innovative designs. As indicated by Ramos, social business enterprise disappointment can be seen as powerlessness to assemble a reasonable endeavour and, therefore, disappointment in accomplishing predefined social goals. It is comprehended that disappointment is a segment of business enterprise (Ramos. 2015). Both passages and ways out of organizations are critical to an element entrepreneurial society. Notwithstanding, a reality of major significance to a compelled economy, for example, South Africa's, is that an excess of unsustainable organizations are a misuse of assets (Ramos.20115). Start-up endeavours should be went with the capacity for these organizations to have their most obvious opportunity to test and achieve their potential (Ramos.2015).

In the National Expert Survey (NES) that shaped piece of the GEM 2011 Report, specialists recognized government approaches, money related backing, and instruction and preparing as the three most vital components obliging business enterprise in South Africa (Ramos. 2015). A sound and instructed populace is critical to the intensity, development and efficiency of a nation (Ramos. 2015). On an individual level, instruction is an apparatus that will empower business visionaries to uproot at any rate an obstructions' portion to subsidizing and youngsters must be taught and prepared, especially in the field of enterprise (Ramos. 2015). Through various research methods conducted in South Africa, reasons were grasped explaining social entrepreneurship failures. Furthermore, a key author like Charles Leadbeater, touched on topics like social innovation, social entrepreneurs and the basic needs in his research. Other authors, such as Geoff Mulgan and Ahmed Shaikh, have theories on social entrepreneurial skill training and social innovation.

1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
Social entrepreneurs lack business skills training, education and social innovation.
Business skills training, education and social innovation are the basic needs for a successful social entrepreneur. The argument put forward is that social youth entrepreneurs require a certain standard in order to reach and maintain success in their field. This standard is extended to the necessary knowledge and creativity required to become successful social youth entrepreneurs, which is often lacking in aspiring South African youth entrepreneurs. This research will be analysed in conjunction with social innovation as the design paradigm.
1.3 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
The various challenges social youth entrepreneurs face often result in both personal and national consequences. This is evident by the possibility of losing the potential to make a monetary profit, it can increase unemployment in South Africa, and it hamper social upliftment of communities causing societies to not progress and continue to suffer. Specialists have included that administration approaches, money related backing, and instruction and preparing are the three most essential elements obliging business enterprise in South Africa (Raiz. 2013). A solid and taught populace is vital to the intensity, development and profitability of a nation (Raiz. 2013). It is emphasized that an essential training framework is along these lines one of the key goals. On an individual level, training is an instrument that will empower business people to evacuate at any rate a boundaries' portion they confront. The adolescent must be taught and prepared, especially in the field of social enterprise (Raiz. 2013).
1.4.1 MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION * Does education, business skills training, and social innovation enhance the success of social youth entrepreneurs?
1.4.2 SUBQUESTIONS * Does a lack of education pose challenges for youth entrepreneurs? * Does a lack of technological ability pose challenges for youth entrepreneurs? * Does a lack of business skills training pose challenges for youth entrepreneurs? * Does a lack of social innovation pose challenges for youth entrepreneurs?

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This literature review is an examination of existing research within the topic youth entrepreneurs being recognised by social innovation and case studies relating to this topic. The aim of this review is to understand social innovation helping social entrepreneurs and then furthermore the success of tracking social entrepreneurs and their needs. The focus will be on youth entrepreneurs being challenged and finding opportunities for youth entrepreneurs through social innovationn. Local case studies will be investigated such as “Lightie: a portable solar-powered light that fits into a standard soda bottle that helps with social issues” and “DrugSign is a mobile application that helps identify drug users based on their signs and symptoms”. International case studies will be unpacked such as “The world’s first combination of drainage of rainwater and recreation area designed by SNE Architects” ,as well as “A credit card sized computer that teaches children programming skills designed by Raspberry Pi” and “The LifeStraw being designed by youth entrepreneurs”.
Key authors like Ahmed Shaikh that elaborates on the paradigm, social innovation and then there is Charles Leadbeater that touches on topics like social innovation, social entrepreneurs and the basic needs in his research. Geoff Mulgan has theories on Social entrepreneurial skills and training, which is an important factor and lastly Motabula Nmesi has points on Youth employment that matters.

According to World Economic Forum's Global Risk 2014 report, South Africa has the third most astounding unemployment rate on the planet for individuals between the ages of 15 to 24 (Mageni. 2014). The Design Institute trusts that it can address youth unemployment through implanting configuration during the time spent supporting business. New occupations won't originate from the formal business segment. According to the author South Africa's childhood need to outline maintainable entrepreneurial organizations (Mageni. 2014). The issue confronting South Africa is colossal: Only 7% of South Africa's childhood are included in right on time stage youth business enterprise action - the most minimal inside of 10 chose African nations (Mageni. 2014).
2.2 SOCIAL INNOVATION, SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR BASIC NEEDS
Social innovation is the genuine trap of turning out to be new, sometimes frequently risky and are also plans that work towards meeting social destination. Social innovation is broadcasted as having the potential for having a huge impact on grasping societal difficulties (Dervojeda, et al. 2015). It is a successful and imperative contraption in the regular division. It incorporates parties and gatherings making, making and diffusing musings and answers for area pressing social needs. Social innovation has recently been getting methodology thought, providing means to brace new contemplations that address complex issues near to ensuring national participation (Gomez. et al.2015).
2.3 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS NEED SKILLS AND TRAINING
Social business is the act of reacting to market disappointments with transformative and monetarily supportable advancements went for tackling social issues. A social business person is somebody who perceives a social issue and uses entrepreneurial standards to compose, make, and deal with a dare to roll out social improvement. Though a business visionary regularly measures execution in benefit and return, a social business person evaluates achievement as far as the effect one has on society and additionally in benefit and return. The social business person goes for worth as transformational change that will advantage distraught groups and, eventually, society on the loose (Shaikh. et al 2014).

Social business visionaries pioneer imaginative and systemic methodologies for addressing the needs of the underestimated, the impeded and the disappointed – populaces that do not have the money related means or political clout to accomplish enduring advantage all alone. All together for social undertaking to flourish, empowering agents, system associations, people and establishments are needed (Shaikh. et al 2014). They may be government divisions, establishments, companies, non-benefit associations or social capital speculators and their prime capacity regarding venture is to advantage the aggregate and not a person (Shaikh. et al 2014). They can be alluded to as the new 'social financial speculators' (Shaikh. et al 2014).
A flourishing social economy that incorporates for-benefit and non-benefit mixed quality undertakings need to cooperate with government, group programs, scholastic organizations, and financial specialists to open, work and scale income creating ventures that give a social and natural advantage as a component of their center operations.Social development speaks the truth new thoughts that work to address squeezing unmet needs, for example, destitution, vagrancy, savagery. This wonder addresses these difficulties by applying new learning and systems to take care of these issue (Shaikh. et al 2014).
For social developments to be effective and have supportability, the advancement ought to have a quantifiable effect on the more extensive social, political and monetary connection that made the issue in any case. To a substantial degree, social developments are advancements that are both social in their closures and in their methods. In particular, social advancements are new thoughts (items and administrations) that all the while address social issues (more viably than options) and make new social connections or joint efforts. To put it plainly, they are developments that are both useful for society and improve society's ability to act. A social advancement, in this way, can be characterized as a novel answer for a social issue that is more viable, proficient, and practical. The quality in this way made gathers to society in general as opposed to a person (Shaikh.et al 2014).
A genuine social development is transformational. It forever changes the observations, practices and structures that beforehand offered adapt to present circumstances. It is an activity, item or process or project that significantly changes the fundamental schedules, asset and power streams or convictions of any social framework (e.g. people, associations, neighborhoods, groups, towns, entire social orders). Subsequently, the limit of any general public to make an unfaltering stream of social advancements, especially those which re-connect with powerless populaces, is a vital benefactor to general social and natural versatility (Shaikh. et al 2014).
Inside of the setting of an essential needs approach, social business enterprise and social advancement can contribute fundamentally towards meeting prompt and long haul needs. Case in point, if the prompt need of a group is to secure water as a social administration, then social business enterprise and social advancement can not just contribute towards meeting that transient need, additionally coordinate upgrades in wellbeing, financial and social states of that group, in this manner, adding to practical improvement. As an outcome, the essential need of the group, i.e. water, turns into the point of convergence of manageable improvement - not an individual but rather the system (Shaikh.et al 2014).
An abnormal state of social capital, based on a positive notoriety, applicable past experience, and direct individual contacts, regularly helps business visionaries in getting entrance to investors, potential clients, and others. When such get to is picked up, the nature of the business visionaries' up close and personal collaborations can firmly impact their prosperity. Particular social aptitudes, for example, the capacity to peruse others precisely, make good early introductions, adjust to an extensive variety of social circumstances, and be enticing, can impact the nature of these communications. Additionally, by helping business visionaries extend their own systems, social aptitudes might likewise add to their social capital. Since social aptitudes can promptly be improved through proper preparing, business people who exploit such open doors may harvest essential advantages (Robert. 2014).
Groups occupied with configuration require a full blend of abilities to guarantee attention to hierarchical, monetary, political and social connections, and they need undertaking supervisors who are really multilingual over a scope of fields and orders. A few planners, in any event, need to join outline abilities with other key aptitudes (financial aspects, approach, social information). Nearby more talented individuals social business visionaries need better systems, that utilization plan inside of venture structures that enhance their prospects for execution. A considerable measure of work has been done here, yet there is a requirement for more orderly experimentation and assessment (Mulgan. 2014). Pretty much as essential, venture administration routines should be adjusted to guarantee that they are both less expensive, and abandon more grounded abilities in the associations and groups that will execute the outlines, not slightest on the grounds that advancement is a steady, developmental process, and even the best thoughts should be adjusted in the light of experience (Mulgan. 2014).
2.4 CASE STUDIES: SUCCESFULL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS 2.4.1 LOCAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH
South African planner and social business visionary Michael Suttner as of late disclosed the Lightie: a versatile sun oriented controlled light that fits into a standard pop container. The minimal effort and tough gadget is intended to give supportable, safe and moderate lighting to individuals in creating countries – and any other person with a low salary. As highlighted by the pop container lighting venture, an absence of suitable lighting can be a significant issue where there's no framework based power. In zones of Africa, for instance, individuals frequently utilize lamp fuel lights, which are costly to run, produce destructive exhaust, and can prompt coincidental flames. Getting its name from a South African slang word that generally deciphers as "adolescent," the Lightie is molded to fit cozily into the neck of a standard pop container seen in figure 1, screwing safely onto the top like a top. It can likewise be utilized without a jug, and cut to a belt, worn around the neck, or hung up as a la (Williams. 2014).

The principle segments of the Lightie incorporate an effective CIGS photovoltaic board, a LED light, and coordinated rechargeable batteries seen in figure 1. Chasing after five to eight hours of introduction to daylight, the 120-lumen gadget produces enlightenment for up to eight hours on its brightest setting, or up to 40 hours on the lower setting. It is anything but difficult to utilize, and enacts naturally when it recognizes that the sun has set. Despite the fact that a sunlight based fueled light is nothing but the same old thing new in itself, the Lightie's originator wants to position his creation as the iPod of maintainable lighting. (Williams. 2014).

Chris Porter an entrepreneur who began working at 6 years old, offering products of the soil for a handicapped man and began his first business at 18 years old is the brains behind DrugSign. Chris, a BCom Business Management degree move on from the University of Pretoria saw a need to think of this application to address the issue of the utilization of medications in our nation. DrugSign is a portable application that helps distinguish drug clients in light of their signs and side effects seen in figure 2. How it functions is that it helps you identify regardless of whether a man is taking medications and helps you tight down exactly which sedate/s they are on. Medications, for example, Crystal Meth and Cocaine are generally utilized and they have diverse indications and reason distinctive responses and DrugSign helps with pinpointing which medication is being utilized.

The magnificence of this application is that it is non-nosy as in you don't need to physically test somebody, so a medication client won't realize that you are doing this. The signs and indications are taking into account behavioral examples, states of mind, physical changes and physical items (blazed spoon, needles, cigarettes and so forth.) and this is the means by which the application river down the specific medication the individual may be on. When the medication is found, the application gives you counsel on further strides to take i.e. advisors in the zone, or bolster structures that the medication clients can be sent to keeping in mind the end goal to get help with their fixation. Another intriguing piece of the application is an element where people in general can investigate unlawful acts occurring, for clear security measures the reports are kept mysterious. This structures a piece of the applications criminalistics, which gives clients data on wrongdoing hotspots and measurements seen in figure 2 (Sibiya. 2014).

2.4.2 INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH
SNE Architects designed the world’s first combination of drainage of rainwater and recreation area seen in figure 3. Their astute method for redesigning a customary item (i.e. filtered water) by utilizing practical materials and building up an intriguing outline, has permitted them to make an entire new market fragment (i.e. the business sector for eco-accommodating water bottles, which relates to design. Therefore and its further social effect, society picks up from a natural perspective, the organizations pick up from situating another item effectively available, and customers pick up from the utility they get from utilizing the favoured manageable items (Dervojeda, et al. 2015).

The company Raspberry Pi, designed and currently licenced a cheap credit card sized computer to teach children programming skills. To counter the declining case in programming aptitudes, they contemplated the thought to organize a little and despicable PC particularly for making programming speaking to kids. The PC, these days called Raspberry Pi, was organized at a point where adaptable processors were winding up being serious to the point that they found themselves prepared to give marvellous mixed media seen in figure 4. The recent was thought to be key for making the thing drawing in kids. A specific target audience was considered through the process of design, therefor it relates to design. Between 2006 and 2008, the first concepts were designed and the first production model was finally produced in 2011. With regards to further social impact in 2012, the organization transported their first units to end-users. In 2013 they sold more than 2 million units, something they just wanted to accomplish in 2014. With its discriminating client base, a dynamic group and clear vision, Raspberry Pi is an interesting and motivating sample for outline for social advancement (Dervojeda, et al. 2015).

LifeStraw is a water channel intended to be utilized by one individual to channel water for drinking seen in Figure 5. It channels a most extreme of 1000 liters of water, enough for one individual for one year. It uproots all of waterborne microscopic organisms and parasites. The LifeStraw water channels are planned by the Swiss-based Vestergaard Frandsen. While initially created for individuals living in creating countries and for circulation in helpful emergency, the LifeStraw has picked up notoriety as a buyer item. The LifeStraw is currently utilized as an apparatus for survivalists and pressed in crisis readiness packs notwithstanding being utilized to help battle clean water shortage around the world. LifeStraw individual channels can give tidy water to up to a year, and the LifeStraw Family channels a greatest of 18,000 liters of water, giving safe drinking water to a group of five for up to three years (Muasya. 2015).

2.5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Enterprise can have social results, planned (by what are frequently called social business people), additionally unintended (when a business thought prompts social change) or possibly half-proposed. New thoughts, new items, or new administrations, may end up being social advancements paying little respect to any social effect proposed by the designer. It may well be far less demanding to characterize, recognize, and analyse the social effect of undertakings than to think of a strong foundation to recognize "social" ventures from "standard" endeavours. In the meantime, concentrating on effect rather than on goals makes it far less demanding to treat "social" business people as "ordinary" business people, who need to meet certain models to stay in business. Huge numbers of the most imperative social difficulties confronting the world oblige radical development that cuts crosswise over hierarchical, sectorial, and disciplinary limits. The uplifting news is that social development is a surprisingly innovative field. It is developing in prominence and is having a worldwide effect. We need to discover imaginative answers for social orders issues today. Social enterprise can be a piece of the riddle that will make the change essential for South Africa to conquer its financial, political and moral emergency. The more social advancement the more social business visionaries will be created.

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The reason for this research methodology is to conduct the empirical investigation, which has a qualitative approach. Qualitative data was adopted to insure standardization when measuring a social entrepreneur’s basic needs which are education, business skill training as well as social innovation (where design thinking are implemented).
3.2 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Subjective examination isolates information from direct hands on work perceptions, all around, open-finished get-togethers, and shaped reports. Subjective bosses tune in naturalistic requesting, concentrate certifiable settings inductively to make rich record outlines and make applicable examinations. Inductive examination crosswise over cases yields cases and subjects, the aftereffect of subjective examination (Patton. 2015). By opting to use this kind of research, this proposal has a more than likely chance of being accurate. This is deduced by the fact that the sources are written and opined by qualified academics and experts, whose theories are often proven or at the very least well founded or substantially justified.
3.3 OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION NEEDED
The information needed should cover aspects of the importance of education, business skills training and social innovation. It should also support the contrasting differences between successful and unsuccessful instances of social youth entrepreneurs.
3.3.1 DELINEATION OF THE RESEARCH
This research proposal uses various sources to bring its point across. These sources include the theories and opinions of academics, experts and other respected writers in their fields. The research further goes on to incorporate interviews, news articles, focus groups and case studies to strengthen its validity.
3.4. RESEARCH SAMPLING
The kind of people that this research will look at arrange from academics, experts and other respected writers social innovators, entrepreneurs, successful entrepreneurs and designers, .The reason why these types of people have been selected due to their often proven theories, which supports my argument at an satisfactory level.
3.4.1 THE TYPES OF BUSINESS SKILL TRAINING NEEDED
Business education (including sales, developing business plans, marketing and customer care), as well as personal development (like goal setting, time management, getting out of your comfort zone, developing the right mind set and perseverance), leadership skills (learning to be a good role model, training and mentoring others), communication skills and teamwork, social networking, access to extensive resources and support on social entrepreneurship, online skills (using technology to build a business), training on setting up a website (online marketing) and the full support of leaders within the organisation (Enevoldson. 2014). The objectives of entrepreneurs include bringing positive changes to societies and improving the lives of others. These objectives can be reached through the development of skills and learning the necessary information to obtain knowledge on the respective issue (Enevoldson. 2014).
3.4.2 WHAT IS MEANT BY ‘EDUCATION NEEDED’
There were two principle discoveries as to the effect a social business person's instruction and business aptitudes preparing has on the fruitful working of his/her particular non-benefit association (Coetzee. 2006). Firstly, the formal sorts of instruction and business aptitudes preparing of a social business person have an immediate effect on achievement. Also, once a social business person has finished school level instruction, casual sorts of training and business abilities preparing assume a greater part than formal sorts in the viable administration (Coetzee. 2006). The discoveries of the exact examination demonstrated that the most important three sorts of casual instruction and business aptitudes preparing incorporate workshops and gatherings, business experience and systems (Coetzee. 2006). The most imperative suggestion for social business visionaries is that their school level instruction ought to be finished, keeping in mind the end goal to get to further instruction and business abilities preparing open doors. The social business people must furnish themselves with specific aptitudes and learning, in particular; money related administration, lawful information, human asset administration, vital administration, observing and assessment abilities, specialized abilities and exploration aptitudes, so as to end up an effective social business person (Coetzee. 2006).
3.4.3 STRENGTHENING ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND INNOVATION IN THE SCHOOLING SYSTEM
The examination observed that no single model could be duplicated in South Africa and the Technical Task Team concurred that given the dubious way of the instruction framework in South Africa, steps ought not be taken to bring entrepreneurial educational programs into schools in South Africa (HRDCSA. 2012). Specialized Task Team has however concurred that entrepreneurial considering, advancement and innovativeness can be invigorated among school learners through the utilization of inventive instructing techniques that can be guided onto and coordinated into the current educational programs (HRDCSA. 2012).This work stream is right now living up to expectations towards recognizing strategies, apparatuses and assets that can be given to schools for nothing out of pocket and which will fortify entrepreneurial considering, basic considering, investigation, inventiveness and development among school learners (HRDCSA. 2012). The method of reasoning behind this is that learning can be made adopting so as to energize and intriguing just an alternate way to deal with educating (HRDCSA. 2012).

3.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH
The research which was conducted addresses the problem question at hand. The research plays a significant role in answering the important questions of whether business skills training, social innovation and education do indeed play an important role in enhancing the success of social entrepreneurs. Since the research gathered is mostly of a qualitative nature, it speaks from both an objective and academically qualified view to address the issue at hand. That being said, it would benefit the argument being brought across of the importance of the abovementioned factors from an entrepreneurial standpoint.
3.6 ETHICS
The target market in this instance would be prospective and current social youth entrepreneurs seeking to make and impact in their respective fields. Please see the attached criteria and forms from CPUT ethics as provided in the Appendix.
3.7 TIMELINE: PROPOSED PHASES
The exploration for this proposition will be done in 4 stages one year from now over the time of beginning from the third of February till the eleventh of November beginning off from the earliest starting point of the 2016 scholarly year. Assigned time-spaces will be incorporated into this course of events for counsels with my speaker, history workshops, days off, reflections times, unanticipated occasions. Middle due dates and the hand-in date of the report.
PHASE 1-4
Phase 1 (10 weeks)
• 3- 13 Feb - history workshops
• 17Feb - Begin Researching
• 4 March - Consult with History lecturer
• 8 March-22 March COLLECTING DATA (2 weeks)
• 23 March Reflection of data
• 28 March-7 April - Holidays

Phase Two (14 weeks)
• 2 April-12April_ ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION OF COLLECTED DATA
The collected data will be analysed, sorted into categories and tested to see if relevant. Short comings of this research will be identified and rectified with relevant data. Thus more research will be undertaken over the course of a 3 weeks.
• 14 April_ Consult with history lecturer (feedback on the collected data)
• 14 April-16 April - Relevant changes made to the collected data
• 22 April-28 May - Easter Holiday
• 1 June- 4 June - Workshops on writing a proposal recap

Phase Three (6 weeks)
6 June- 20 September_ Writing the Academic Proposal
Once it has been decided that all the necessary data for the proposal has been collected and put in the correct categories the writing of the actual report will take place. Every second week a draft of the report will be shown to my history lecturer to verify that written content is correct.
• 18 June; 1, 13, 25 July; 8, 20 Aug; 2, 20 Sep - Consult with history lecture

Phase 4 (8 weeks)
• 28 September- 20 October - Reflection and final checks
The unpleasant last of the proposition is composed out with the conceivable spelling, organization and language structure blunders being redressed. When the unpleasant last has been composed out, read over with the mix-ups spotted and amended, this proposition will be given to a composition analyst to spot botches which will then be redressed on return. The last proposition will then be given to my speaker and if satisfied taken for printing and headed prepared for accommodation, if not a couple of minor changes are to be made, changed inside of a day and submitted. The report will then be printed and submitted on the due date.
• 2, 14, 20 Oct_ Consultation with history Lecturer
• 11 November_Final Adeademic Proposal handed in (10:00 AM)

3.8 CONCLUSION AND RECCOMENDATIONS
In conclusion, it is evident from the results of this study that the education and business skills training of social entrepreneurs does impact the success of a social entrepreneur in South Africa. It is a lack of business skills in particular, which can lead to social problems being unresolved, but furthermore it can also be reasons for youth entrepreneurship failure. My problem statement about challenges faced by social youth entrepreneurs, more specifically the fundamental elements which entrepreneurs usually possess to be successful, are justified through various research methods conducted in South Africa. Reasons were also grasped explaining social entrepreneurship failures.

Entrepreneurial thinking (skills and training), critical thinking, analysis, creativity and innovation should be implemented in schools. The findings of the empirical investigation showed that the most valuable three types of informal education and business skills training include workshops and conferences, business experience and networks. The most important recommendation for social entrepreneurs is that their school level education should be completed, in order to access further education and business skills training opportunities. In the meantime, huge numbers of the most imperative social difficulties confronting the world oblige radical development that cuts crosswise over hierarchical, sectorial, and disciplinary limits. The uplifting news is that social development is a surprisingly innovative field. It is developing in prominence and is having a worldwide effect. We need to discover imaginative answers for social orders issues today. Social enterprise can be a piece of the riddle that will make the change essential for South Africa to conquer its financial, political and moral emergency. The more social advancement the more social business visionaries will be created.

Two major recommendations emerge from this analysis. An empirical investigation of the impact of social entrepreneurs in community development to ascertain their real impact. This should provide the necessary arsenal for considerations of funding and other support that social entrepreneurs may need. Another recommendation would be to examine the legislative frameworks prevalent in other countries in order to suggest which model the South African government can adopt.

3.9 LIST OF FIGURES
3.9.1. Figure 1:

Michael Suttner
Lightie, 2014
Photograph

Image From:
The Lightie: A small light with big ambitions. 2015. The Lightie: A small light with big ambitions. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.gizmag.com/the-lightie-solar-light-soda-bottle/31111/. [Accessed 20 August 2015].
3.9.2. Figure 2:

Chris Porter
DrugSign App, 2014
Photograph

Image From:
Holtshausen. G. 2015. Dribbble - DrugSign App - Search Reults by Graham Holtshausen. [ONLINE] Available at:https://dribbble.com/shots/1625434-DrugSign-App-Search-Reults. [Accessed 20 August 2015].

3.9.3. Figure 3:

Thomas Sorenes
SNE Architecture: Drainage of rainwater and recreation area “Dogtown”, 2007
Photograph

Image from:
Unknown. 2015. Acclimatise: SNE Architecture: Drainage of rainwater and recreation area “Dogtown” . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.acclimatise.uk.com/login/uploaded/skateboarder.png. [Accessed 20 August 2015].

3.9.4. Figure 4:

Rasberry Pi Foundation
Rasberry Pi “single-board computer”, 2012
Photograph

Image from:
Rasberry Pi Foundation. 2015. Ten pi-fect projects for your new Raspberry Pi • The Register . [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/03/14/feature_ten_raspberry_pi_projects/. [Accessed 20 August 2015].

3.9.5. Figure 5:

Vestergaard Frandsen
LifeStraw, 2005
Photograph

Image from:
Frandsen. V. 2015. LifeStraw: A Small, Portable Water Filter That You Can Carry Everywhere! » Science ABC. [ONLINE] Available at :http://www.scienceabc.com/innovation/lifestraw-a-small-portable-water-filter-that-you-can-carry-everywhere.html. [Accessed 20 August 2015]. * * * * 3.10. LIST OF REFERENCES

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