...with a speech impediment, there often seems to be little hope. Many of these people are ridiculed as children, or cast out of society as a young adult because they are not able to communicate as efficiently as others. A speech and language pathologist can help them, and ultimately, change their life. Speech-language pathologists are sometimes called speech therapists. Their duties are to assess, diagnose, treat, and help those with communication and swallowing disorders. Speech, language, and swallowing disorders result from a variety of causes including stroke, brain injury, hearing loss, developmental delay, cleft lip or palate, cerebral palsy, and even people with emotional problems. Speech pathologists play a very important role in the lives of many people. Speech pathology is a relatively new profession. Many people believe that children suffering from a speech disorder will eventually grow out of it. However, this is not always the case. The profession first surfaced in the late 1940s, after World War II. Many soldiers returned from the frontlines with head wounds that limited or altered their ability to speak. Teachers, neurologists, and other doctors wanted to help the injured men, and a profession was born. Speech pathologists work with people who cannot speak clearly or at all. In America, this includes people who speak English as a second language. They also work with people who have problems with swallowing and eating. Speech and language pathologists often work...
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...The Case of Hillary Hillary is a 6-year-old with severe cerebral palsy and cognitive disability. Hillary has been attending a private school for children with developmental disabilities and severe handicaps for the past 2 months. According to her record, the student has a history of oral-pharyngeal dysphagia with silent aspiration and several bouts of pneumonia in the past 2 years. She has a PEG tube by which she receives her nutrition, hydration and medications. One morning Hillary’s home-room teacher approached the speech-language pathologist with a note written on a prescription paper ‘ordering’ oral feeding for Hillary while she is at school. The speech-language pathologist, John, is very concerned. He feels that it would be against professional standard to allow Hillary to eat orally. John feels that Hillary’s mother and physician do not have the student’s best interest at heart. Dysphagia Intervention in Schools As more students with chronic conditions receive their care in a traditional school setting, the speechlanguage pathologist is required to have a medical knowledge base for pediatric communication and swallowing disorders. Dysphagia intervention is becoming a more prominent component of the caseloads of speech-language pathologists who practice in the school setting. While this can be a rewarding challenge, scenarios in which clinicians find themselves can also have a more acute feel when managing a feeding tube and/or risk for aspiration...
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...affects those with this speech disorder. “Stuttering is a communication disorder in which individuals have involuntary disruption to the fluency of their speech”. Research Problem/Statement The goal of this research paper is to gain insight as to both the causes and possible treatments for speech disorders like stuttering. Also to determine how other individuals who may speak other languages may be influenced by speech disorders. The research that will be conducted will also analyze the social side effects of stuttering like bullying and social anxiety. Literature Review The literature review that was conducted by utilizing the several databases and journal articles found through Kings College EBSO Host database along with other full text databases. Stuttering is a speech disorder that usually is noticed when an individual is still a child. Signs of stuttering in most individuals tend to disappear as the individual ages. Stuttering “occurs most often in children between the ages of 2 and 5… Most children outgrow stuttering. About 1 percent or less of adults stutters”. Stuttering usually develops while an individual is learning to develop their language skills, but can also develop through severe trauma to the brain. Stuttering which is also known as stammering can negatively influence the lives of many. Speech disorders can negatively affect ones social life, and even professional career if sever enough. Studies have been done to assess the effect of speech disorders like that...
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...In this paper, traumatic brain injuries, the effects on speech and language, and the speech-language pathologist’s role with patients who have suffered a traumatic brain injury will be discussed. A traumatic brain injury is a very common cause of speech and language problems. It is an acquired cause, meaning it is not present at birth. It affects many areas of communication, including cognitive and memory skills, as well as speech and language. A speech-language pathologist plays an important role in these individuals’ lives. Speech-language pathologists are responsible for both the evaluation and the therapy for the patient. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Introduction Numerous research studies have been conducted on the topic...
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...SPHY 202: Language Disorders (Acquired) 2 Assessment 2: Case Study MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS: Sustained a left-sided MCA CVA involving lateral frontal lobe TIME POST-ONSET: 6 months SPEECH LANGUAGE DIAGNOSIS: Broca’s aphasia characterised by severe difficulties with expressive language skills involving both verbal and written modalities. ------------------------------------------------- Background Ruby is a 39-year old woman who lives at home in the UK with her husband and two children, 9 and 7 years old. Ruby was first admitted to hospital on the 1st of February 2014 following right side weakness in upper and lower limbs, aphasia and an associated fall getting out of bed in the morning. She was found to have an acute left sided middle cerebral artery infarct involving the lateral frontal lobe. The pre-central gyrus was also involved and damage possibly extends to the lateral fissure and subcortical structures. This has resulted in a right-sided hemiplegia affecting her upper limb primarily. No preceding significant medical history. Ruby has previously spent 2 weeks in a specialist stroke unit and then 3 months in a rehabilitation unit during which she received treatment from physio, OT and speech pathology. Include client demographic information; include information about previous intervention details social history, premorbid level of function, and any other relevant medical or allied health intervention details to date. Language Assessment Ruby’s communication...
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...ESE 633 Week 5 Assignment Collaborative Problem Solving To Buy This material Click below link http://www.uoptutors.com/ese-633-ash/ese-633-week-5-assignment-collaborative-problem-solving In this assignment you will demonstrate your understanding of the following learning objectives: Analyze ways to create a collaborative school culture to promote professional growth and leadership; Determine some of the causes of education-based conflict. Evaluate problem solving and negotiation strategies to resolve education-based conflict. Recognize the importance of knowing personal strengths and weaknesses in conflict resolution. Justify the collaborative role of transition team members who actively participate in transition meetings. Additionally, the assignment represents your mastery of Course Learning Outcomes 1, 2, & 3. Providing tools for academic success to students with disabilities is a collaborative effort. Sometimes however, individuals within the collaborative team face conflict due to a strong emotional or professional investment from a particular member. Examples of education-based conflict include disagreements over the allocation of limited resources and funding, differing curriculum delivery methods, class behavior management styles, misinterpreted conversations (due to cultural differences, communication styles, personal or professional backgrounds, and other differences), and misunderstanding of professional roles, school policy, and other school or district-based...
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...Student’s Name: Student’s Number: Course Code: Course Name: Semester and Year: Due Date: Working With Students with a Language Impairment - Review The three articles identify various situations that English Learners face as their second language. The case studies reveal that a future speech and language pathologist ought to observe various issues when preparing for English learners such as the age, education level and knowledge of English language by the parents also the kind of a school and teachers available for an individual. The articles identified the gaps that exist in teaching English as the second language and ways of preventing difficulties in the future. One of the significant challenges includes background with no experience with The English language, therefore; the teacher is the first individual to introduce the new language to them. Poor education contributes to the ability of the child to respond to simple instructions from the tutor. Additionally, expression of ideas becomes negatively affected contributing to poor performance academically and predominantly for the English Language Learners. Another significant challenge is the identity security especially for the immigrants (Danzak, 2015). Some families fear for the discrimination and harsh treatment such as through race, class or gender. One of the motivating factors in the language learning process includes the application of a pragmatic assessment approach (Danzak & Silliman, 2005). The strategy...
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...Diagnosis and Assessment in Special Education (SPE 536) Latanya Barkley June 26, 2013 Case Study 1: Student in Early Childhood Special Education Over the course of time it became very clear to Sean Smith that two of his three sons had issues with learning. At first his son Ben was diagnosed with Autism, yet nothing seemed to change for him at first. While his son Ken, seem to have trouble from the time he was a year old and should have been learning to focus on his parents and others around him, soon Ken was also diagnosed with Autism. This is where Ken’s story begins; his brother’s Ben story will be seen again in Case Study 2. Ken’s journey begins in 2010 when he was diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. He was then given a vision and hearing screening to access him for possible preschool placement. While Ken passed his vision screening it was noted that he only briefly looked at people yet he did show excitement when seeing his parents or computer games. He seemed attracted to bright colors and appeared to use his left hand most of the time. He also passed his hearing screening and was then ready to undergo his Special Education Eligibility Report. Ken’s journey toward special education placement began with his first Developmental Report. This is where Ken’s parents asked for him to be evaluated for special education due to significantly delayed speech and communication skills. He was assessed by Dr. Su Black, a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrician,...
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...Kimberly Douglas Dec 3 2014 Genetics Down Syndrome Down syndrome (DS) or Trisomy 21 is a complex developmental genetic disorder in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Normally, a fertilized egg has 23 pairs of chromosomes. But in most cases, people living with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21 also known as Trisomy 21, which is responsible for 95% Down syndrome cases and most common genetic cause of human mental retardation, with an incidence of 1-600/1-1000 live births. It is also responsible for premature pregnancy failure. It is the leading cause of cognitive impairment. Down syndrome occurs because of an abnormality characterized by an extra copy of genetic material on all or part of the 21st chromosome. Every cell in the body contains genes that are grouped along chromosomes in the cell's nucleus or center. There are normally 46 chromosomes in each cell, 23 inherited from your mother and 23 from your father. When some or all of a person's cells have an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21, the result is Down syndrome. Down syndrome is associated with mild to moderate learning disabilities, developmental delays, characteristic facial features, and low muscle tone in early infancy. Many individuals with Down syndrome also have heart defects, leukemia, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, gastro-intestinal problems, and other health issues. The symptoms of Down syndrome range from mild to severe. Life expectancy for individuals with...
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... By Nicole Alonso CDD 2251-04 Speech Language Hearing Disorder Kean University November 26,2011 Introduction Detailed overview of disorder “Autism is a developmental disorder that appears in the first 3 years of life, and affects the brain's normal development of social and communication skills. ( 1.PubMed Health, 2010)” Autism is also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder ( ASD). “ Health care providers think of autism as a “spectrum” disorder, since it is a group of disorders with similar features. (National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, 2011 paragraph)” A child who has autism may have symptoms that span from mild to severe. There are several types of autism that fall under the spectrum. They include Aspergers Syndrome, RETT Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD-NOS). “These disorders are characterized in varying degrees, be it difficulties in social interaction, verbal and non- verbal communication and repetitive behaviors.” ( Autism Speaks, 2011) Aspergers syndrome is a high functioning form of autism. A child with Aspergers might have difficulty interacting with others, awkwardness, and display repetitive behaviors. “Rett syndrome is a disorder of the nervous system that leads to developmental reversals, especially in the areas of expressive language and hand use.” (2.PubMed Health,2010) Childhood Disintegrative Disorder...
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...An Overview of Autism As a future Speech Language Pathologist and educator, it is important to consider a vast variety of mental disorders when dealing with patients or students. The importance is evident because disorders affect how your clients respond to treatment or social interaction in general. It is imperative to be aware of a disorder’s affect on children, short term and long term. In terms of speech development, the effects of such a disorder are even more important to note. In this instance, I will examine autism, a developmental disability that takes place on a lifelong basis. It has an influence on how patients communicate or interact with others in their multitude of facets of life. First, I will look into a general overview...
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...High Incidence Disabilities & Learning Needs Characteristics & Strategies Complete the chart below. Be sure to fully address each section. Bulleting is appropriate in this activity. | Definition(in your own words) | Identification Procedures | Characteristics(address academic, cognitive, social, emotional & behavioral as appropriate) | Ideas, strategies, suggestions for working with students in the classroom | Learning Disabilities | This is a disorder in which students are unable to perform the basic processes in understanding subjects such as language arts, math, etc. Sometimes it affects one or many areas. | * Unexpected underachievement in one or more academic areas * Severe discrepancy between expected achievement (standard test of intelligence) level and actual achievement (standard achievement test). * After unexpected achievement is documented, the exclusion clause is applied to student identification. | * Academic achievement is significantly below grade level. * Cognitive skill deficits related to memory, attention, impulsivity and or meta-cognition. * Possibly also diagnosed with ADHD. * Possible social deficits and difficulty getting along with others. * Motivational problems. | Provide clear and concise directions; adapt the curriculum to the student’s appropriate skill level; provide close supervision for the student; resource room may be a good accommodation. | Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | Students are unable...
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...and Bilingualism” EN221 – 1M - Language in Culture Submitted by: Virgino, Clarisse Yvette P. Submitted to: Dr. Deborah Javier I. Introduction What is a Bilingual? A Bilingual person is someone who can speak or write in more than one language. A person who can speak/write in more than two languages is considered to be a multilingual. Bilingualism and multilingualism isn’t unusual. In fact, it’s the norm for most of the world’s societies. It is possible for a person to know more than one or two languages, most especially when the country is not in the western part of the globe, usually, people can speak two languages—that is, their L1 and L2, which, in this context, L2 is usually the English language. People become bilingual when they learn two languages at the same time, or, they learn the second language sometime after they acquired their L1. But then, it is more possible for a person to learn a second language sometime after he has acquired his L1. The problem is, the older you get, the harder it is to learn to speak a new language as well as a native speaker. Many linguists believe that there is a so-called “critical period” wherein the child can easily acquire any language that he or she is regularly exposed to. Under this belief, the structure of the brain changes at puberty, then after that, it becomes harder to learn a new language. In some countries, nearly everyone...
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...K, WM' 4 i T-H H A August 30, 2011 011 • Vol. p o 1 AMERICAN SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOCIATION 3 Medicare Proposes 2012 Home Health Care Rates 5 AUDIOLOGY Audiologists and lEPs; the effects of secondhand smoke on tiearing; improved telephone speech perception; new treatment for Usher syndrome. 1 0 How to Fit RTI Into a Heavy Workload 1 4 Universal Design for Learning: Meeting the Needs of AI I Students 1 8 Capitalizing on Communication: 2011 Schools Conference 2 4 From the President: Mentorship 26 SLP Establishes School to Focus on Language Intervention 2 7 Memories of 9/11 28 The Role of Educational Audiologists 3 2 A Collaborative Approach to Emotional/Behavioral Disorders 3 8 Internet: Interactive Whiteboards 4 0 Limelight: Julie West 411 Classifieds 4 4 People on the Move 4 7 First Person on the Last Page: P. K. Harrison Laws Protect Young Athletes Growing Number of States Pass Concussion-Related Legislation by Bess Sirmon Fjordbak Mentoring Programs Open Check out information about online programs for new faculty (p. 35) and students (p. 46). return to play? There is no conports-related concussion among pre-participation baseline assessment of sensus on the best course of action school-aged athletes in the United (Duff, 2009). Physicians, coaches, ) States is an issue of increased cognitive-linguistic function. and trainers often use individualvisibility in the media, in clinical ized, graduated retum-to-play protocols...
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...Researchers have pinpointed risks that, if left untreated, can lead to future problems with the person. A history of disorders; behaviors such as pronunciation, cooperation such as turn taking, and keeping focus on a task, are some signs of a learning disability. Treatments are readily available to better these risks. These treatments include special education, speech and language therapy, and in some cases, medications can help to enhance the child’s strengths and weaknesses as well as enhancing their attention and concentration. Why are preschoolers not diagnosed with learning disabilities? Learning disabilities are faced by many people in the world today. Aram, Morris and Hall (1992) define learning disability as the impairment or deviant development of comprehension and/or use of a spoken, written, and/or other symbol system. Someone with a learning disability may have trouble with the form of language such as the use of the phonological, morphologic, and syntactic systems. One may have trouble with language content which includes the grammatical points of language, the sound system of the language, and new vocabulary one will learn. Learning disabilities can occur from genetic influences, lack of brain development, and environmental impact (Harring & Lovett, 1992). Courtman and Mumby (2008) estimate that 40–80% of children with learning disabilities have no identifiable cause. The most common identifiable cause however is typically a genetic influence...
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