...Subject: Children’s toy Future Life with Toys Tags: Toy, Gender Stereotype Above picture comes from Liuyuhen’s tumblr. This is a typical gender stereotype for children’s toy. Girl will get dolls or anything that female should have. And boy will get cars or anything can represent muscling. Color of the toy is also different for each gender. Girl normally will get toy that is pink, red or purple. Boy will get toy that is black, blue or grey. This social construct norm create stereotype for two genders and potentially affect children’s future career. The difference between two genders’ toy reflect adults’ expectation for their children. Women are assumed to do in-house work or light work such as baby sitting, housekeeping and supporting work (like nurse). Men are assumed to do out-house work or heavy work such as joining army, constructing and political work. When children receive their toys, the toy will represent their future expectation from their parents. When children grow up with these stereotypes and expectations, they might have subconscious feeling about what they should behave or what they should do in order to fit these social construct norm. Some opponents might argue that when children getting older and have their own independent consciousness, this doesn’t necessarily mean they grow up to be in-house worker or out-house worker. However, several studies are showing that toy could affect children’s career. According to an article “Do children's toys influence their...
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...Although nowadays there are many feminists against gender stereotypes, gender stereotypes still exist everywhere. It is hard for people to eliminate gender stereotypes overnight. Most people know that stereotypes are not true, but many still assume of roles based on gender. We may all be guilty of many gender stereotypes, such as assuming that men have to make money for supporting family, and women are supposed to be housewifes. In “ How Toys teach children stereotypical gender roles”, Denise Starr summarized traditional gender rules, which was “ Boys are doctors; Girls are nurses. Boys are football players; girls are cheerleaders. Boys invent thing; Girls use the things boys invent, Boys fix things; Girls need things fixed. Boys are presidents;...
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...2014 4. Gender Stereotyping in Advertisements 5. 1550 6. I am highly motivated, and I am committed to excellence. Advertising Gender Stereotypes Gender Stereotyping in advertisements happen all around us. Whether it is a commercial, billboard or a magazine, advertisements are everywhere. Gender stereotypes happen at an early age that includes children. Children’s advertisements implant the very gender roles that are portrayed in today’s society. Creating specific gender products is also creating large profits for companies. When first thinking of gender stereotyping in advertisements one might think of the negative aspect first and not realize that there are positive ways to advertise to specific genders for purchasing products. By using these gender specific advertisements, companies can sell products more efficiently. Advertising to children at an early age can play a significant role in shaping the expected role for him/her in today’s society. There are many examples that can clearly outline gender stereotyping. In many instances someone might not catch it because it is so normal in today’s culture. Monica Brasted is a psychologist and observed her child when the two of them went to McDonalds one day. Monica’s little girl was upset because she didn’t get the toy she wanted. “When I asked her what was wrong she asked why the woman had given her a care bear when she wanted a transformer” (Brasted). This then brought up the question, why is a transformer toy considered...
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...Gender Roles and Disney The Disney princess has become one of the most iconic symbols of Walt’s ever growing empire. The disney Princess’ franchise first began in 1937 with the movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs making Snow White the first princess in the now infamous princess lineup. The franchise continues with the most recent disney princess movie Tangled ( Rapunzel) which came out in 2011. Disney and their filmmakers caused great controversy with their princess’ such as race. Disney broke their european tradition by adding their first African American Princess to the line up. Princess Tiana of The Princess and the Frog in 2009 which still caused controversy. Another one of Disney’s biggest controversial topics was gender roles and how women and men are portrayed in these disney films. Gender roles are separate patterns of personality traits, mannerisms, interests, attitudes, and behaviors that are regarded as either "male" or "female" by one's culture. They are what is considered the “ Norm” for the male and female sex. There are stereotypical behaviors normally associated with either gender such as Women are suppose to be more passive aggressive, overly emotional, and illogical, just to name a few characteristics. While men tend to be more tough or in control, leaders, Not crying or wimpy and a womanizer As suggested in Kimmel’s “ Bros before Hos”: The Guy Code in Language Awareness (469). These same messages are often presented to children through the media they...
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...five-year-old girl named Riley went viral. Standing in a decidedly pink toy aisle she laments, “Why do all the girls have to buy pink stuff?” Riley is not the only one questioning the ways in which toys are gender-stereotyped and marketed, and some go so far to argue that, in addition to shaping gender identity, it in contributes to gender inequality. [additional discussion/framing main questions of the paper etc] Gender, not to be confused with sex, which is biologically defined by reproductive organs, may be understood as a socially constructed range of characteristics that pertain to and differentiate between masculinity and femininity. To further clarify, “male” and “female” are sex categories,...
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...Tipping the Sacred Cow of Gender Generalization in Young Boys Gender generalization in gender-specific activities for young boys is a sacred cow because it is assumed in society that boys can only play with trains and actions figures, have to mask their emotions and should not take pride in their attire. A sacred cow is something that is widely acknowledged in society with no question as to why it is readily accepted, usually without justification. Sacred cows are troublesome in that we should not be blindly following what is “standard” thought. We should be questioning every widely held belief to see if it is accurate and linear with our own ideology. In actuality, it should be completely acceptable for boys to have a kitchen set, play house...
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...Should We Assign Gender Roles On Children? When you think of the word gender it is usually confused with sex: being male or female. Gender, however, can be loosely defined as the way we perform our sex. Therefore gender is considered something we “do” rather than “have”. Often times at a young age we learn how to perform the appropriate behaviors related to our sex. These behaviors enforce roles on children. Boys are taught what behaviors are associated with masculine. Comparatively, woman are taught what behaviors are considered feminine. As parents we place these roles on our children without any realization of doing so. Our society is what shapes us into these traditional gender specific roles. Of course, as parents we want our children...
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...Psychology for Health and Human Services Workbook- Assignment 2 Sonia Chiciak Student No.11534832 Word Counts (excl. citations) provided for each section. PSY111- Foundations of Psychology for Health and Human Services Exercise 1- Memory Question 1- Summary: (253 words) Grant, H. M., Lane, B.C., Clay, J., Ferrie, J., Groves, J.E., McDorman, T. A., Dark, V.J. (1998). Context-dependent memory for meaningful material: information for students. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12, 617-623. This study tested whether the environmental context dependency effect is seen through test performances where matched and mismatched study and test noise conditions were used. Throughout the study, the researcher used the same text to test the difference context dependency has on short answer (recall) and multiple choices (recognition). Using previous research that has shown that characteristics of environment are encoded in the memory, and can be used to retrieve other information; the researchers changed whether or not there was general background noise in controlled study and test conditions and measured the results based on performance in the test. Overall, studying and testing in the same environment resulted in better performance than in mismatching studying environments. This study also found that, unlike in Smith (1986, as cited in Grant 1998), the context dependency effect for newly learned material is seen regardless of whether short answer or multiple choice is tested. As...
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...Annotated Bibliography & Outline for Gender Identity Paper Outline I. Introduction II. What is gender Identity? III. Gender Discrimination A. Male B. Female IV. Appearance V. Gender and Interpersonal VI. Development a. Sex role stereotypes VII. Environmental factors VIII. Conclusion Introduction Throughout this paper I will be talking about gender identity which I have done a research. I will be using different several articles that researched on gender identity and will share the information I got out of the articles. Gender identity is something that most of the time goes unnoticed and lot of people are afraid to be who they are. What is gender identity? Gender Identity (1988) Social Psychology Quarterly, Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stables/2786925 This article talks about gender identity, self-esteem, physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. The article gives important information about gender identity. The researchers had examined the roles of gender identity and self-esteem in both physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. Gender Discrimination Race and Gender Discrimination, (2009). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118176 This article focuses on gender discrimination and race on buying cars. The information presented in the article goes depth into highlighting how sellers sometimes can use race or gender to sell cars to their buyers. Example could be male via...
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...commercialization of princesses by Disney and other companies, which has led to most toys that are sold to girls being princess themed. The issue with this is that the idea of being a princess causes girls to try and be "perfect" when they grow up, and Orenstein says that many girls feel immense pressure to succeed in everything they do as well as be beautiful like the princesses they grew up with. However, Orenstein is overreacting by trying to prevent her daughter from purchasing princess merchandise, because in doing so, she is also trying to confine her daughter to a certain role. Instead of doing this, Orenstein should just try to introduce her daughter to other toys, like toys for boys, because that way it is giving her daughter the freedom to choose what she wants to play with. I understand Orenstein's point about the negative influence that princesses have on young girls, but I feel like the more pressing matter is that recently children have been confined to these gender roles from an early age. In most toy stores, there are split sections between toys for girls and toys for boys, and in her article Orenstein states that the difference between the toys in these sections is incredibly visible. I agree with Orenstein that this disparity between the toys that boys and girls play with could impact them, because it causes them to unconsciously generate stereotypes on the differences between males and females from an early age. By playing with army figurines instead...
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...Chapter 5: Gender Stratification by sex is a feature found in most societies, with men generally being in a more dominant position in society than women. Men have traditionally been seen in a wide range of active and creative roles – as warriors, hunters, and workers, as political leaders or successful business executives, as scientists, engineers, inventors, and great artists. Women have traditionally been seen as housewives and mothers confined to the home and caring for their husbands and children. Even when working outside the home, women's jobs often seem to be an extension of their caring role in the home, looking after others as receptionists, secretaries, nurses, teachers, and social workers. Are these differences simply an extension of the biological make-up of males and females, or are they a product of the ways that males and females are brought up in society? (Nature vs. Nurture) SEX AND GENDER • Sex: (whether someone is male or female) refers to the natural or biological differences between men and women, such as difference in genitals, internal reproductive organs, and body hair. • Gender: (whether someone is masculine or feminine) refers to the cultural, socially constructed differences between the two sexes. It refers to the way a society encourages and teaches the two sexes to behave in different ways through socialization. • Gender role: is the pattern of behavior and activity which society expects from individuals of either...
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...Gender Although western society has come a far way in gender equality there are still many stereotypes that follow both men and women throughout their lives. The fact is that people still have beliefs and views of other’s personality traits, behaviors, or abilities that stem only from a person’s gender. What is staggering to me is that intelligence has not been found to be gender specific (Weitten, 2012, p.341) but women tend to underestimate their potential and have lower career aspirations (Weitten, 2012, p.357), and are still paid less than men for the exact same work. The following paragraphs will discuss gender stereotypes and their affect upon dating and intimate relationships. “We’re having a boy” said Dale to his friend Nate, “Way to put the stem on the apple” Nate replied with a slap on the back. So, would the reaction have been disappointment had Dale found out he was having a girl. From the very get go, before we are even born there are stereotypes about what gender the baby is, colors are defined, expectations are set whether they are intentional or not. As the child is born he or she is introduced to toys, books, praise, and play that can be associated to be gender specific. Boys are a lot less likely to be encouraged to play with what are considered girl toys than vice versa (Weitten, 2012, P. 350) and typically children’s books portray characters that are engaged in gender specific activities. Assignment of household chores can be reflective of gender differences...
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...Gender Identity Raymond Santiago PSY 265 March 24, 2012 Laura Schulz Gender Identity Gender identity is one’s belief that one is male or female, and an important aspect of self-concepts. Studies show there are a variety of factors that help determine gender identity. Most of us can remember something that helped determine our own personal identity. These personal experiences were important as they helped shape the future and what gender would be identified with. I will share my own personal reflection at what exactly helped me determine my own personal gender identify. There are also stereotypes that associate with each gender that help shape characters and who we are as well as who we will become. These stereotypes will be addressed as well as their importance. Biological factors play a huge role in shaping children's physical development. For instance, boys and girls are born with distinctive sexual organs, and become further differentiated when secondary sexual characteristics emerge upon puberty. Naturally occurring chemical messenger compounds in the body known as hormones are responsible for coordinating the appearance of these physical differences. Some research suggests that the same sex hormones that enable sexual organ differentiation in utero and which later trigger puberty also plays an important role in shaping gender identity. Boys tend to have more androgens (male sex hormones) than girls. However, some boys and girls are born...
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...efinition Gender typing projects societies' expectations regarding people's behavior based upon their biological sex.[2] [edit]Acquisition Gender typing is most typical during the formative years of developing one's identity. Through social learning theory children learn gender roles and behaviors, and begin to gender type. Through such reinforcing statements as "Big boys don't cry" or "You're such a good girl, being such a good mommy to your toys," children realize what is typical of the male and female gender and gender type other traits and behaviors as they try and discover whether they belong in 'girl world' or 'boy world.' Gender typing begins as early as age 2 or 3, as children are just beginning to distinguish between male and female voices, and develop a sense of language. Children at ages 2–4 are gender typing by the clothes they see other children wear, hairstyles and what toys are okay for boys to play with and what toys girls play with. By age 5, a child now has the ability to gender type by observing behavior, traits and tools used by men and women. A child may associate a man with the words aggressive, brave, autocrat, dominant and independent, a woman with the words emotional, sentimental, fragile, dependent and submissive.[3] In many languages, words are masculine or feminine ("la primavera" or "el invierno"), everything in the child's world takes on a female or male presence and is gender typed.[4] The Cognitive development theory is also important in...
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...This essay attempts to analyse, using appropriate illustrations, the extent to which gender stereotyping conforms to Jean Piaget’s four stages of development, which he elaborated in his Theory of Cognitive Development. It will first begin by clearly defining the terms; ‘gender,’ ‘stereotype,’ and hence the term ‘gender stereotyping.’ It will thereafter define cognitive development and will furthermore discuss in depth the stages of cognitive development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational respectively. A critical assessment will then be made on the extent to which gender stereotyping acts in accordance to Piaget’s stages of development, to aid one have a final opinion of his Theory of Cognitive Development. Gender was a word used by Ann Oakley and others in the 1970s to describe the characteristics of men and women that are socially determined, in contrast to the ones that are biologically determined. Gender is therefore a term referring to the social and cultural construction of men and women. The word stereotype is defined as an organised set of beliefs concerning the characteristics of all members of a defined group (Golombok, 1995). Therefore, gender stereotyping is the overgeneralisation about the characteristics of an entire group of people based on their gender. It is the perception of people on how others should behave. According to Piaget (1952), cognitive development was a progressive reorganisation of mental processes...
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