...there has been nine legislation rallies against drilling in the ANWR by Alaska’s natives. Drilling in the ANWR challenges the survival of the natives by impacting their traditions and food supply. Kelvin Long of the Arizona Diné and Navajo Nation gathers with the Alaskan natives to rally against congress in Washington D.C because they said indigenous people need to stick together; Kelvin Long stated "As indigenous people there’s very few of us left even here in North America that speak our own language, know our prayers, can identify plants and hunt and butcher the animals," he said "We’re the last ones hanging on to the culture; I want to be here and stand next to them." Drilling in the ANWR does not only effect their cultural but their food supply, Gwich'in people of northeast Alaska and the northern Yukon and Northwest Territories in Canada, depend on the migratory caribou herds and the Arctic fisheries for food. (Arctic-National Wildlife Federation, 2014) If the US decides to drill in the ANWR the sea life will decrease and if an oil spill happens perhaps what will the government do to clean and make sure that does not happen. Climate change is already on a rise and loss of ice in Alaska is at its high, drilling will only cause this number to...
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...Preservation of Traditional Medicines The people of Canada have been fortunate to be able to experience a somewhat free health care system, yet there are still many problems to be addressed with this system. For example, one issue would be to understand why Indigenous people and communities have limited access to health care. This is true especially in the northern and more isolated communities. However the people of these communities have survived through thousands of years with the use of natural, traditional medicines grown on the land. The knowledge of traditional medicines shared by elders and Indigenous people of Canada has been overlooked by the health care system, Canadian government and the general population of Canada. This is the direct result of exploitation of the land that produces these traditional medicines leading to the loss of healing plants, and knowledge and culture for Indigenous peoples of Canada. It is important to protect and preserve the Canadian landscape so medicine plants can thrive, the Indigenous cultures and knowledge can live on and communities can continue to be independent without relying on a health care system that may already be failing them. Much of history that is taught in the Ontario education system starts at the dawn of colonialism and is then seen through the eyes of the colonizer. However, to understand such traditional medicines and the power that the land holds, one must go back to the beginning of creation. There are many...
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...diversity and climatic diversity but also adorned with biodiversity which broadly includes land biodiversity and marine biodiversity. Its geographical position on globe is suitable to achieve latitudinal variation as well as altitudinal variation in giving birth to varied number of indigenous flora and fauna. India contains 8%of world species in only 2.4% area of world. Moreover ,in about 34 biological hotspots spread all over the world three lies in India i.e. Western Ghats, North-East India and Himalayan region. Biodiversity is the presence of genetic and species variation of living organism in particular ecosystem in a given time. Hence this is a holistic concept encompassing the genetic , species and ecosystem diversity which bear the imprint of spatial and temporal change. The term was first used by Walter G.Rosen in 1986. Biodiversity has multidimensional effect on human living ,its economy and his environment. Ecological services of biodiversity to human is in term of conservation and protection of water, purification of air, absorption of carbon dioxide ,regulation of biochemical and hydrological cycle ,protection and renewal of soil fertility and moderation of weather and climate. The tangible benefit in term of ecological economics include food , clothing , shelter ,drugs ,industrial raw material and ecotourism. In the race of achieving economical heights and feeding the ever increasing population conservation of biodiversity has taken backseat...
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...creatures that live in it. The Great Barrier Reef has lost half of its half coral reef in the last 27 years, and 10 per cent of the damage is caused by coral bleaching (De'ath 2012). Coral bleaching however impact many perspectives. From science perspective, coral bleaching has been a threat for many coral species and fishes that lives in it for they are becoming extinct and destroyed (Kubicek, Muhando and Reuter 2012, p. 1). This will leads to the less variety of the coastal ecosystem riches and incur social and economic loss to its social community. Coral bleaching also have impacts to the indigenous people. Indigenous people have used coral reef and its resources as dependence for their food supply. When coral reefs are destroyed and its whole fish population lose their habitats, indigenous people will have less food supply. Coral reefs provide the ecosystem goods and services to many people in the world especially to local communities (Cesar et al cited in Mascia 2003, p. 630). Coral bleaching is a problem that is caused by nature and human; nothing can be done to solve the problem...
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...TITLE PAGE CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS EFFECTS IN SOUTH-SOUTH PART OF NIGERIA DEDICATION This term paper is dedicated to Almighty God, for His divine love, inspirations and care over the years. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My acknowledgement goes to my parents for their financial provision towards my academic and to my lecturer for his high level of punctuality and commitment to lectures. PREFACE This term paper is about the effects of climate change in South-South part of Nigeria. It has four chapters .Chapters one is about the introduction and definition of terms. Chapter two discusses Climate change and Environmental issues in South-South Nigeria, environmental degradation and Changes resulting from climate change, Socio-Economic Consequences of Climate Change in South-South Nigeria and Landslides as a consequence of climate change in south-South Nigeria. Chapter three narrates Erosion as a consequence of climate change in south-South Nigeria, Water Scarcity, Activities of Farmers that Contribute to Climate Change, and Patterns of Climate Change impact on agriculture. Chapter four is the summary and conclusion of the topic. TABLE OF CONTENTS Title page - - - - - - - - - - -i Dedication - - - - - - - - - - -ii Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - -iii Preface - - - - - - - - - - - iv Table of contents - - - - - - - - - -v CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - - - 1.1 Definition of Terms - - - - - - - - - CHAPTER TWO 2.1 Dealing with Climate Change in South-South Zone - - - - - 2...
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...窗体顶端 窗体底端 The global warming speech you will find below discusses a topic close to the hearts of many of us. In fact, it's a topic that is likely to remain current until measures designed to protect the environment are seen to be having a positive impact. Beginning of Global Warming Speech "That so many of us are here today is a recognition that the threat from climate change is serious, it is urgent, and it is growing. Our generation's response to this challenge will be judged by history, for if we fail to meet it - boldly, swiftly, and together - we risk consigning future generations to an irreversible catastrophe." These are the words President Obama used to begin his global warming speech before the United Nations Summit in 2009. Search Google for global warming and you will get almost 65 million pages of results. The subject has certainly drawn a lot of attention. But just what is global warming? What is causing it? What effects does it have on the earth and its inhabitants? What are some possible solutions? These are the questions that I will be addressing in this short, informative speech today. What is Global Warming? Global warming is the gradual increase of the temperature of earth's atmosphere and oceans. Over the past century the average temperatures have gone up by just over one degree. This may not seem like much, but many scientists agree that the earth's temperatures are starting to increase at a faster rate. What Causes It? Global warming...
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...Climate Change – Anthropogenic or Natural? One of the biggest issues in today’s media is the argument of climate change and global warming, and whether or not it is the result of human influence on the Earth or if it is a natural occurrence. Many people will tell you that climate change is the result of human impact on the Earth, while other people will say that the change is just a natural cycle the Earth goes through. Though both sides can produce evidence as to why they are right or why the other person is wrong, only you can decide what to believe is right and what is wrong. What exactly is climate change? Climate change is the fluctuation in weather and temperature on Earth either in a specific part of the world, or even the entire world itself. Many people question if the climate is even changing, or if it just some conspiracy though up by the government in order to get money. There is no doubt that the Earth’s climate is indeed changing. The Earth is in warming stage that is being called global warming. Although many experts agree that the Earth is in fact warming, they argue over the cause of the warming. Some say that the reason for the warming is because of a natural cycle that the Earth goes through regularly, while others say that man is the cause of the warming. According to some experts the Earth’s temperature has been steadily increasing since the 1800’s. For this reason they are saying that the past two decades have been the hottest on record (http://news...
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...The traditional Malay house 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 1. I Title of practice or experience The traditional Malay house 1.2 Category o practice/experience and brief description f The traditional Malay house is one of the richest components of Malaysia’s cultural heritage. Designed and built by the villagers themselves, it manifests the creative and aesthetic skills of the Malays. This is a near-perfect houseform which is appropriate to local climatic conditions and expresses the way of life of its inhabitants. The house is extremely well designed to suit the warm and humid Malaysian climate and for the multifunctional use of space. Its design is also flexible as it caters to the widely different needs of the users and it has an addition system which allows the house to be extended to meet the growing needs of each family. 1.3 Name of person or institution responsible for the practice or experience The Malay communities in Malaysia 1.4 Name and position of key or relevant persons or officials involved Not applicable 1.5 Details o institution f Not applicable PART II: I NDIGENOUS AND TRADITIONAL 74 KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES 1.6 Name of person and/or institution conducting the research Lim Jee Yuan, Consumers’ Association of Penang 1.7 Details of research person/institution (a) (b) (c) (d) Address: 228 Macalister Road, 10400 Penang, Malaysia Telephone:++ (60) (4) 229 35 11 Fax: ++ (60) (4) 229 8 I06 E-Mail: elawmalaysia@igc.apc.org ...
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...the capacity of an economy to produce goods and services, compared from one period of time to another. Economic growth can be measured in nominal terms, which include inflation, or in real terms, which are adjusted for inflation. For comparing one country's economic growth to another, GDP or GNP per capita should be used as these take into account population differences between countries. (http://www.investopedia.com/). The role of institutions in economic growth was first proposed in writings of Adam Smith in 1776. Later in 1993 Douglass North received a Nobel Prize for his work on connection between institutions and economic growth. By studying history, analyzing data and statistics we can see that high quality institution have positive effect on economic growth and therefore on income in a long and short runs. In order to prove it we are going to find out what economic institutions are, why they are matte, what are the reasons behind different institutions in different countries and finally support it with historical facts. 1 Links between economic growth and economic institution What are institutions? The term “Economic institutions” can be defined in mach different way and have multiple meanings. On the one hand North (1990, p.3 ) defines institutions in a general wide way as “ the rules of the game in a society, or more formally, are the humanly devised constants that shape human interaction… In consequence they structure incentives in human exchange, whether...
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...the Amazon includes various ecosystems from swamps to savannas resulting in this particular biome housing the largest collection of plant and animal species in the world. Fascinating creatures such as jaguars, anacondas and even electric eel can be found along with incredible plant species such as bromeliads, epiphytes (air plants) and even carnivorous plants like the Venus fly trap. These are just a few of thousands of plant and mammal species living harmoniously with roughly 2.5 million species of insects! High temperatures (an annual average of 80 degrees) and constant rain keep the climate fairly consistent year round which helps to support the Amazon’s appeal for biodiversity. Temperature- The average temperature of the rainforest is 80 degrees Fahrenheit and when coupled with 90% humidity produces a heat index of 86. The heat helps many of the indigenous plant animal species like the Howler monkey, aka Alouatta, who’s primary diet consists of vegetation. This type of diet slows their metabolism so much that this species has to utilize the harsh sunlight just to speed it up after cooler evenings. Many of the plants and animals push upward to the canopy layer and beyond competing for shares of sunlight in the dense environment. Rainfall- The Amazon produces 120 inches of rain annually because of its placement in the intertropical convergence zone. This is where most rainforests thrive on Earth due to solar heat creating a convection zone...
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...Since man first became curious and began to explore the world, globalization has had an effect on every culture. The cultural traditions and belief systems of the first explorers had an effect on the indigenous people of the lands where their ships landed. In modern times, with technology making the world a smaller place, the ability of individuals to take their culture around the world has become simpler. Globalization effects native people in ways both positive and negative. The positive effects include the influx of capital that allows for improving the standard of living, competition that can encourage innovation, and introduction of advance technologies from western nations that can improve life in developing areas of the world. There is also an increased global awareness of issues and greater access to foreign culture such as movies, music, food, and clothing. Negative implications of globalization include the outsourcing of jobs to countries where labor is cheaper, loss of cultural identities as different cultures mingle, and the spread of disease as people move around the world. Natural ecosystems are affected by globalization due to the introduction of invasive species of plants and animals (Steif, 2010). This paper will discuss the effects of globalization on two cultures, the South American Incas and the Inuit people of the north. The Inca people lived in Peru for over three hundred years. They were a rustic culture that had skills in animal breeding and...
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...Adaptation Plans Adaptation is the act of adapting to the effects of climate change which is important in dealing with the impacts of climate change that are already happening as well as preparing for future impacts (UNFCCC, 2008). Adaptation planning enables countries to generate and implement national adaptation plans so as to identify medium and long term adaptation needs. Adaptation planning is a continuous process; that is guided by the country. This process is participatory, transparent and gender sensitive in planning for current and future climate change impacts (UNFCCC, 2008; Preston et al, 2011). When generating developing adaptation plans governments, regional authorities and local communities must, together plan and decide on...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 Q.1 MAJOR SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS RESULTING FROM ROADS EXPANSION INTO SUBURBAN AREAS 3 Q.3 THE LINK BETWEEN THE GLOBAL COMMONS AND EFFECTS OF DEPLETION 6 Q.5 UNSUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN KENYA AND RESULTANT ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES AND BEST PRACTICES FOR RESTORATION OF THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGITY 9 Commercial use 9 Land for Grazing 9 Demand for Fuel 9 Illegal Logging 10 Erosion of Soil 10 Loss of Biodiversity 11 Climate Change 11 Population Growth 12 CONCLUSION 13 REFERENCES 14 INTRODUCTION This essay paper is divided into three parts: The first part will discuss the implications of the rapid expansion of roads into suburban areas in Kenya with special focus on the major social and environmental impacts of concern. There is an appreciation that Kenya is experiencing unprecedented road and highway expansion in line with its Vision 2030 Strategic Plan. Mitigations that need to be put in place to reduce the severity of these impacts have also been discussed. The second part discusses the Global commons, their interactions and the effects experienced as a result of depletion of one or more of them. In this essay, “Global commons" refers to something shared in common by a community. Commons presupposes a community - its members can claim equal rights to the common ground. A global commons presupposes a global community. This essay will delve on...
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...shared by members of a group. - Almost all behavior is learned - Cultural norms and values are shared by people - All Cultures change Pidgin English- A simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common. (Masta- John Marshall, Bird- Airplane) - Pidgins develop when people who speak different languages come together. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis- The language we speak affects the way we think. It plays a critical role in determining the way people understand the world. - We perceive the world differently because we talk about the world differently Culture shock- The feelings of alienation, loneliness, and isolation common to a person who has been placed in a new culture - Overcoming culture shock is a process of learning (language, customs, and social organization). Ethnocentrism- Is the belief that one’s own culture is superior to any other. Cultural relativism- Anthropologists must believe that all cultures are of equal value and need to study them from a neutral point of view in order to understand how cultural practices developed, how they work in society, and how they are experienced by the people who live them Participant observation- Gaining a close and intimate familiarity with a given group of individuals and their practices through intensive involvement with people in their natural environment. - Anthropologists must learn the language and participate with the group...
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...this way, one could see how climate in different countries and places are being affected with the materials around them. In this experiment, the materials that were used were water, salt, oil, 2 thermometers, containers, lamp/flashlight and a stopwatch. All these materials were arranged in a way that light from the lamp could be directly reach the 2 containers; this point was where the temperature of each was being recorded with the time allotted. In order to come up with a good result, the temperature was being checked after every five minutes and placed into data. The procedure was done three times for every material for the three trials. After testing, the oil absorbed a lot of heat, the water absorbed a little heat but kept it in while the soil did not absorbed much heat but when after, it was released easily. This experiment was to show how heat was being absorbed and released by different materials around. In this manner, one could associate it with the climate; how the materials surrounding the place can affect the climate and the specific materials that would greatly affect the climate in one place. CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Introduction Climate change is a lasting and significant change in the distribution of weather patterns over a period of time that may be ranging from decades to even millions of years. It may be a change in average weather conditions or in the distribution of weather around certain conditions. This change is due to an increase or...
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