...The Holocaust The holocaust is a word of greek between 1933 and 1945 when jews and members of other groups were murdered by the nazi’s In the holocaust six million or more jews were killed by adolf hitler's nazi regime and its collaborators. Five million non-jewish victims of nazi mass murders, bringing the total of eleven million The persecution and genocide were carried out in stages. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived. Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah's witnesses, and homosexuals. At least 200,000 mentally or physically disabled patients, mainly Germans, living in institutional settings, were murdered. In the early years of the nazi regime, the National Socialist government established concentration cmaps to detain real and imagined political and ideological opponents. Increasingly in the years before the outbreak of war, SS and police officials incarcerated Jews, Roma, and other victims of ethnic and racial hatred in these camps. To concentrate and monitor the Jewish population as well as to facilitate later deportation of the Jews, the Germans and their collaborators created ghettos transit camps, and forced-labor camps for Jews during the war years. The German authorities also established numerous forced-labor camps, both in the so-called Greater German Reich and in German-occupied territory, for non-Jews...
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...and your own knowledge assess the view that the holocaust was mainly the result of a long term plan by Hitler to eliminate the Jews Source A and B believe more that the holocaust was a short term plan that slowly developed due to the outbreak of the war and the general belief of cleansing of the population. Whereas source C and D believe that the holocaust was a long term plan by Hitler and that his mood or any other factor did not play a part in the mass genocide of the Jewish population in Germany and Europe and his main aim throughout the war was to look for a ‘final solution’. Source A talks about how late any action against the Jews, the source is implying that if this was a long term plan they why had Hitler waited so long to prosecute the Jews. The source believes that the outbreak of the war is one of the main factors that brought upon the prosecution of the Jews, originally Germany only had a small population of a few hundred thousand Jews but after Germany invaded Poland this figure drastically increased due to the Jewish population in Poland. It had added ‘several million Jews who were unable to leave the Reich’ this made it hard for any resettlement plans due to the large numbers; this meant physical annihilation looked much more desirable. Source A also gives the impression that Hitler never originally wanted to kill the Jews rather to resettle them this would lead to the conclusion that the holocaust could have been a short term plan. This would make...
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...INTRODUCTION TO THE HOLOCAUST * Related Articles * Related Links * Comments * How to cite this article Two German Jewish families at a gathering before the war. Only two people in this group survived the Holocaust. Germany, 1928. — US Holocaust Memorial Museum * VIEW PHOTOGRAPHS * VIEW PERSONAL HISTORIES * VIEW ARTIFACTS * VIEW MAPS * VIEW HISTORICAL FILM FOOTAGE The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. "Holocaust" is a word of Greek origin meaning "sacrifice by fire." The Nazis, who came to power in Germany in January 1933, believed that Germans were "racially superior" and that the Jews, deemed "inferior," were an alien threat to the so-called German racial community. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived "racial inferiority": Roma (Gypsies), the disabled, and some of the Slavic peoples (Poles, Russians, and others). Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah's Witnesses, and homosexuals. WHAT WAS THE HOLOCAUST? In 1933, the Jewish population of Europestood at over nine million. Most European Jews lived in countries that Nazi Germany would occupy or influence during World War II. By 1945, the Germans and theircollaborators killed nearly two out of every...
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...World War II was the largest armed conflict in history and resulted in over 50 million civilian lives lost. This war ranged to six continents around the world and created significant amounts of tension between world powers. This period changed the ways that society would be run forever by inspiring people to create new innovations, spread ideas, and work to create a more peaceful world. This world war allowed the League of Nations to successfully establish the United Nations and led to new principles that defined the causes of war. After World War I, President Woodrow Wilson worked to establish the League of Nations, which was an international peacekeeping organization that was formed with the goal of resolving conflicts around the globe. However, this organization was unable to prevent the outbreak of World War II, and instead, was strengthened because of it. President Franklin D. Roosevelt began to frequently use the term “United Nations,” which became a new international organization that was incredibly similar to the ideas of the League of Nations. The structure of this new group was inspired by those created specifically for the...
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...Hitler's responsibility for the outbreak of The Second World War has been exaggerated From the instant Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany from January 1933, began to challenge the Treaty of Versailles and adapt an aggressive foreign policy, which heavily contributed to the outbreak of World War Two. Some historians argue that Britain and France were to blame for the Second World War because they did not stand up to Hitler.The historian AJP Taylor argued that Hitler simply continued the aggressive foreign policy but others point out that he did not initially intend to the take back Germany's former colonies, this theory is known as the Functionalist argument. On the other hand the other theory which is the Internationalist argument, these historians such as Gerhard Weinberg argued that Hitler had a master scheme all along and that he had planned the Holocaust. The functionalist view may argue that Great Britain and France were more to blame as they did not stop Germany, eventually they turned a blind eye. Chamberlain proposed the policy of appeasement which made concessions to the dictatorial powers of Hitler, he had done this because the British armed forces were not ready for a world war with Germany in 1938. However appeasement was wrong because Hitler was a dictator who could not be trusted to keep his word, especially because he had made it clear that he wanted an Empire in the East to give German Lebensraum and would only be stopped by war. Appeasement also made Britain...
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...Hitler was a manipulative politician, who realized to survive as a leader he had to distance himself from such events like mass murders (source #5). Scarred by many disappointments during his childhood, Adolf Hitler became the brutal dictator who imagined and carried out the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889, in Braunau Am Inn, Austria. Hitler was the fourth of six children born to Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl. He became detached and introverted after the death of his youngest brother Edmund in 1900 (source #2). Hitler’s detachment from his family was caused by his father. His father was emotionally harsh and did not approve of his career interest in fine arts. After retiring, Hitler’s dad became a drunken, domineering father...
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...Biological weapons have been designed for this very reason. “Biological weapon, also called germ weapon, any of a number of disease-producing agents—such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, fungi, toxins, or other biological agents—that may be utilized as weapons against humans, animals, or plants” (britannica.com). During the Cold War the United States, and Russia were participating in an arms race against each other, and so each country had their own biological weapons research program where they studied diseases and turned them into weapons that could be used in the future. However the danger of these weapons were evident. “In November 1969, President Richard Nixon surprised the American public, and the world, by ordering the United States to unilaterally discontinue its biological weapons program, thus ending further research into their development.” (pbs.org). “Nevertheless, because of the indiscriminate nature of these weapons—as well as the potential for starting widespread pandemics, the difficulty of controlling disease effects, and the simple fear that they inspire—most...
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...Book Review Parallel Journeys Parallel Journeys, by Eleanor Ayer with Helen Waterford and Alfons Heck, compares the life of two young people in Germany during the rise of Hitler and the outbreak of World War II. They were born within sixty miles of each other, but their lives took dramatically different paths. Alfons, is a boy who grew up on a farm in Germany. When Hitler came to power he became involved with the Hitler Youth. Alfons grew up on a farm but was a Nazi boy who became a commander at age sixteen. This book truly depicts Hitler's impact and influence on the youth of Germany. Alfons was brainwashed by Hitler's promises, a full pledged Nazi youth is how it is presented in the book he participated in all rallies. He started his training to become the future of Germany and eventually of the world. There he learned discipline and order. He trained to become a soldier and he learned the ways of warfare. He was taught to be a follower of anti-Semitism and was told to hate the Jewish people. He along with millions of Nazi’s believed that they were the reason for Germany's problems. As years went by, Alfons rose through the ranks of the military until the end of the war where realized what atrocities had been committed, he than took off his uniform and went on to help people. On the other side of the spectrum we have Helen Waterford a young Jewish girl who grew up in Frankfurt, Germany. She married Siegfried Wohlfarth and moved to Amsterdam because of tension brewing...
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...Snyder's intention is to show that this interaction between Hitler and Stalin and their abetting one another had consequences for the inhabitants of the region. From the 1930’s through the 1950’s Snyder follows the acts of the two totalitarian states as they make a claim to Poland, the Baltic states, Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia. Snyder's research delves into the bloodlands during the time of drastic motivated killing in Europe. Following the 14 million intentional deaths at the hands of Hitler and Stalin as they rose to power, Snyder begins his analysis of history with the famine of Ukraine. Snyder's approach to discussing the Holocaust comes through by a side by side comparison of the victims and killing methods seen between the years both Hitler and Stalin were in power. Snyder begins his book with a comparison of how both Stalin and Hitler set out of the ideal utopian envisionment. Stalin's approach began with the removal of Ukrainian scholars, scientists, cultural and religious leaders, who were...
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...Holocaust Midterm Dana Bob Mercy College 1. Explain the origins and development of modern anti-Semitism Throughout history the Jewish community has been subject to a violent history which can be traced as far back as their expulsion from Carthage in 250 C.E. For centuries, Jews have endured slavery, land confiscations, massacres, pogroms, blood baths, mass arrests, public torture, banishments, inquisition, slaughter, mass murders and finally, the Holocaust in the 20th century (Grossman, 2014). The Holocaust by far has been the most odious experience that the Jewish community has endured and yet there are many who deny it even took place. The rise of anti-Semitism in early 20th century Germany surely did not begin with Adolf Hitler; however, he was the fulcrum on which it intensified. This hatred for the Jews was not always the case as prior to World War I Jews in Eastern Europe “enjoyed a period of comparative peace, tranquility and the flowering of Jewish religious life” (Jones, 2011). It was after the defeat and subsequent peace settlement at Versailles in 1919, which was followed by a period of depression and burdensome reparations, that nation began to look for a scapegoat. The Jews were seen as the leaders of the parties which had surrendered and ‘stabbed’ Germany in the back by agreeing to the peace accord. Germany slipped into a great depression in the early 1920’s with widespread unemployment and rampant inflation. Hitler and the Nazi party began...
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...and horrific displays of this destructive force was seen in the German treatment of the Jewish race before and during the Second World War. These events were part of the holocaust, associated with the Nazi notions of racial superiority especially in contrast with their notion of Jewish inferiority. Racial superiority has caused much violence and many deaths for those who have been labeled by the ‘superior’ as ‘inferior.’ This violence has been spawned mostly by an extreme hatred for those viewed as different or inferior. Furthermore, such feelings of hatred have been translated into outright acts of violence against those viewed as inferior, and this at times often prompted retaliation against their oppressors, such as the case in Rwanda. With these premises, the world has been witness to various acts of violence, including the massacre of a significant number of people, all in the name of racial superiority. The concerned countries of the world have often refused to act in time to stop these events even though ample signs of trouble were apparent. Racial superiority has traditionally been an issue for various countries at one point or another in their history, but none worse than that displayed by the Nazis over the Jews and by the Tutsis over the Hutus in Rwanda. Similarities can be seen between the events of the Holocaust and the Rwandan genocide. “Rwandan genocide took place between April and June 1994. During this tragic period of 3 months some 800,000...
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...to dissect creation and find some sort of semblance of meaning that might justify our existence. The list of our accomplishments is immeasurably vast. However, man might have proved that he can reach for ideals, but he has not proved that he can maintain them. We may have climbed mountains, but we have not been able to live for long in such high places. Despite our accomplishments, humanity’s failings have been just as extensive. Our history is also scarred with a long list of wars, injustices, unnecessary deaths, prejudices, hatreds, and disappointments. The pinnacle of our shortcomings, the end-point to our intellectual development as a species, can best be understood in the context of our World Wars. Although humanity has always lived side-by-side with war, never before in our history has so much widespread violence destroyed so many idyllic hopes and dreams. Never before was there such an example of our ignorance as a species, and blatant disregard for our intellectual successes. Both World Wars demonstrate...
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...HISTORY 1500 WINTER 2014 RESEARCH ESSAY TOPICS 1. Select a crusade and discuss the extent to which it accomplished its objectives. Why did it succeed or fail? Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A Short History; Carole Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives; Christopher Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades 2. How did anti-Semitism manifest itself in medieval Europe? Kenneth R. Stow, Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe; Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages; Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews in the Thirteenth Century 3. What was the position of prostitutes in medieval society? Ruth Mazo Karras, Common Women; Leah Otis, Prostitution in Medieval Society; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 4. Why did the French choose to follow Joan of Arc during the the Hundred Years War? Kelly DeVries, Joan of Arc: A Military Leader; Bonnie Wheeler, ed., Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 5. Discuss the significance of siege warfare during the crusades. You may narrow this question down to a single crusade if you wish. Jim Bradbury, The Medieval Siege; Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century; John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade 6. Why did the persecution...
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...World War II Germany Research Report Kiyona Willis His/114 10-15-2012 Timothy A. Berg World War II Germany Research Report Hundreds of philosophers and historians possess many concern of how the modern world has come into being. Many issues from The Great War to World War II have effects many societies today. My paper will trace the rise of totalitarianism in Germany between 1918 and 1939, and the contrast to political developments in Great Britain, France and the United States. My paper will explain the Holocaust in context with World War II and Western ideals, including the roots of anti-Semitism and intolerance of those considered inferior in Germany also an explanation of The Final Solution. My paper talks about the aftermath of World War II in Germany. After World War I, the German government was facing thousands of difficult problems as society search for someone to blame for the defeat in the First World War. Extremists from all sides sent threats to revolts. The extreme inflation causes thousands of Germans to have faith in the German government. Hitler gains control of the Nazi party in the 1920s and organization, which is anti-Semitic. Hitler gains popular political credibility by placing the responsibility on the Jews for Germany’s defeat in the First World War. Hitler also blames Jews for Germany’s economic problems. What is less understood are the political conditions associated with the rise of Hitler and fascism? Hitler...
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...World War II Research Report The Soviet Union Danny Buck History 114 Dr. Murphy November 24, 2014 World War II Research Report The Soviet Union Totalitarianism came about in Russia during the time of Stalin. Before doing research I had thought that it would have started with Lenin, but it did not. “Why did Russia, in its enlarged incarnation as the Soviet Union under Stalin, become one of the three most repressive and brutal totalitarian states of the 20th century (the other two being Nazi Germany and China under Mao)? The urge to modernize rapidly is often put forward to explain the character of the Soviet Union. But what equally needs to be explained is the very backwardness that created such an urge. And the Russian intelligentsia had long been preoccupied both with modernization and resistance to it.” (Hollander, 2006). It was a brutal way of life where the people existed to serve the state. The Rise of Totalitarianism In the late 1910’s the czar was over thrown and he and his family were murdered. Lenin came to power and communism took over the country, but it was not totally repressive until Stalin came into power. Stalin’s goal was to modernize the Soviet Union. He wanted to industrialize the Soviet Union and increase the production of products. He thought that if he could make the Soviet Union a manufacturing giant that it could be a super power. He also wanted to maintain complete and absolute control and to not allow any interference from anyone...
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