...Kaplan English 12 P.4 28 March 2012 The Difference of Insanity: Hamlet against Ophelia In the Renaissance, madness was the theme of William Shakespeare's writings. He attended grammar school, but nothing further. So for his writings to be written with intelligence, it was greatly admired by many. Shakespeare’s career was in the time of Elizabeth I, 1558-1603 and James I, 1566-1625. His writings were not his own original work. It has been said that he took the story, Hamlet, from Saxo Grammaticus and changed the way Hamlet was portrayed from his story into a more “mad” version of Hamlet that waits to get revenge and is not truly mad from the start. It is also said that Shakespeare stole a majority of his stories from other writers during his time, making them more well-known and changing the moral of the story. In the Renaissance, people looked at insanity as if it were a crime. It was looked down upon. People did not understand that it was something that occurred within the mind, so they thought if they sprayed people with water it would shock them out of their insanity. The Renaissance culture also gave an intellectual rendition to three specific kinds of madness: folly, demonic possession and melancholia. In that time, thoughts of madness were confused by religious beliefs and sometimes even mistaken for nonsense. The dictionary defines madness as “extreme anger, excitement, or foolishness” and in Hamlet, Hamlet is characterized as insane because he fits the definition the...
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...The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark is a tragedy by William Shakespeare. Set in the Kingdom of Denmark, the play dramatizes the revenge Prince Hamlet exacts on his uncle Claudius for murdering King Hamlet, Claudius's brother and Prince Hamlet's father, and then succeeding to the throne and taking as his wife Gertrude, the old king's widow and Prince Hamlet's mother. The play vividly portrays both true and feigned madness – from overwhelming grief to seething rage – and explores themes of treachery, revenge, incest, and moral corruption. Hamlet is Shakespeare's longest play and among the most powerful and influential tragedies in the English language, with a story capable of "seemingly endless retelling and adaptation by others." The play was one of Shakespeare's most popular works during his lifetime It has inspired writers from Goethe and Dickens to Joyce and Murdoch, and has been described as "the world's most filmed story after Cinderella". Shakespeare based Hamlet on the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th-century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum as subsequently retold by 16th-century scholar François de Belleforest. He may also have drawn on or perhaps written an earlier Elizabethan play known today as the Ur-Hamlet. He almost certainly created the title role for Richard Burbage, the leading tragedian of Shakespeare's time. In the 400 years since, the role has been performed by highly acclaimed actors and actresses from each successive age. Three...
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...Blame Game Some of William Shakespeare’s best work climaxes with gruesome bloodshed and tragedy. Unlike much of the entertainment we seek today, Shakespeare’s plays revolve as much around the flaws of its protagonists as it does their journey in seeking justice. In Hamlet, a heartbroken Danish prince embarks on a journey in avenging his farther who was murdered by his uncle. Claudius, Hamlet’s greedy uncle, is the root cause of much agony in Elsinore but can the audience really hold him solely responsible for the tragedies which befell the other characters? The answer is that Claudius’ treachery was the catalyst of all disorder in the play but, Polonius and Hamlet himself are also to blame. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Polonius’ tendency to overthink and meddle in others’ business leads to the death of several characters. Whether your intentions are good and your heart is in the right place is besides the fact that you are at fault for any and all trouble you cause. When Polonius says, “Ay, springes to catch woodcocks. I do know, when the blood burns, how prodigal the soul lends the tongue vows” (1.3.115-17), he tells his daughter Ophelia that Hamlet does not really love her but is deceiving her as a means of seduction. As a result, he orders her to quit making herself available for him. This sniveling behaviour ends up setting a new tone for the rest of the play. Once Hamlet secretly puts up an act of insanity in his pursuit to kill Claudius, Polonius offers advice to...
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...The female characters in William Shakespeare's Hamlet appear to be fragile collateral figures that are mistreated by men, causing great misfortune. However, there is more to these female roles than what meets the eye. Ophelia is one of the characters that had an impact on the action of the story. Even though Shakespeare's intention for Hamlet was not meant to be a woman-based play, the female roles are more significant than what the readers believe. Through closer investigation, the true purpose of these females such as Ophelia unfolds, and it becomes evident that these women were more significant to driving the action of the play, than they were at first glance. In Hamlet, the role of Ophelia is presented as a very submissive, but gentle, loyal, proper and loving young woman. Ophelia is meant to be...
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...2012 Deceit in Hamlet Deceit is generally applied in politics and peoples everyday life to achieve power and success. The theme of deceit is generally repeated in William Shakespeare's Hamlet. Hamlets delay in killing Claudius, and Hamlets possible death is a straight-forward result of deceit in the court. Hamlet attempts to deceive everyone into believing that he is gone insane. He believes that he can kill Claudius without getting into any kind of trouble, and take revenge for his father's death. Claudius and Polonius decide to find the reason behind Hamlet's madness. They both make a plan to spy on Hamlet to see why he is acting the way he is. Through spying on Hamlet, Claudius figures out that he is dangerous, and a threat to him. Hamlets deceiving also directs to the death of Polonius and his daughter Ophelia. As well as generating Laertes to take revenge on Hamlet for producing the death of his family. After multiple attempts to murder Hamlet fail, Claudius and Laertes decide to team up. They both try to murder Hamlet and get rid of him once and for all. Each of these plans directly or indirectly leads to Hamlet's deceit and his death. Hamlets desire for revenge causes his insanity. Hamlet speaks to the ghost of his father, he figures out that Claudius murdered him to achieve that throne of Denmark. At this point, Hamlet is very frustrated and disappointed. Hamlet then makes a plan to get revenge by finishing Claudius. To complete this act, Hamlet must act inane...
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...March 2014 The Madness of Hamlet In William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, the character of Prince Hamlet has just gotten back to Denmark from school to learn that his uncle and mother are now getting married, the same uncle that killed his father, the king. There is much debate as to whether or not Hamlet truly did go crazy from these series of events. However, Hamlet, much to his dissent, did indeed go crazy when his late father died, although he persisted in believing he had not; through his demeanor, words, and inner turmoil, it was shown that he was simply in denial about this fact. When Hamlet’s late father’s ghost told him to kill his uncle as an act of vengeance, Hamlet wholeheartedly agreed. He also decided to act crazy, something his family and friends attributed to either grief or love, however Hamlet told his friend Horatio that he was simply acting. He might have began off simply acting, but he did gradually fade into madness. Hamlet went to see Ophelia after his meeting with the host of his father, where he demonstrated his first act of madness. “He took me by the wrist and held me hard…/ Long stayed he so,/ At last, a little shaking of mine arm,/ And thrice his head thus waving up and down/ He raised a sigh so piteous and profound” (II. i. 98-106). This is where his family got the idea that he was mad with love. And so, deciding to prove this, Claudius and Polonius had Ophelia help them, insisting she go talk to Hamlet whilst they spy...
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...AND JULIETTE, but few compare to the new staging of HAMLET by Kenneth Branagh. No other actor, producer, writer, and director has done the preeminent Bard more justice and honor than Kenneth Branagh, and he pushes this theater production to epic proportions. With lavish sets and lush costume design changing the setting from medieval to the 19th Century, this tale of a son's revenge for the untimely death of his father at the hands of his father’s brother delves into humanity's fundamental questions of: What does it take to be an honorable man? An honorable king? An honorable father? An honorable son? This story involves all levels of drama, including violence, intrigue, sex, and madness. The movie begins in the middle of a story. The King of Denmark has died and his brother is taking the throne and the Queen as his bride for the sake of the country. Two guards see an apparition coming in the night. The apparition is seemingly like that of the deceased King, so the guards callto Horatio and the son of the King, Hamlet, to confirm their visions. When Hamlet arrives, the apparition takes him away and demands that he put his father’s soul to rest for his "most horrible and foul murder." Alone, he is faced with the duty of exacting revenge for his father's death on his uncle, and the commission likely throws him into insanity. The character of Hamlet is wrought with complexity and divisions. He is the height of Shakespeare's character sketches and is every thespian’s desired...
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...''Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work.'' Or “The main subject that is being discussed or described in a piece of writing, a movie, etc.” Theme is a word having etymology from the Greek, "placed" or "laid down". Its origin is 1250–1300; Greek théma proposition, deposit, akin to tithénai to put, set down. In contemporary literary studies, a theme is the central topic a text treats. Themes can be divided into two categories: a work's thematic concept is what readers "think the work is about" and its thematic statement being "what the work says about the subject". The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or concept that is central to a story, which can often be summed in a single word (e.g. love, death, betrayal). Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society; coming of age; humans in conflict with technology; nostalgia; and the dangers of unchecked ambition. A theme may be exemplified by the actions, utterances, or thoughts of a character in a novel. An example of this would be the theme loneliness in John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men, wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely. It may differ from the thesis—the text's or author's implied worldview. A story may have several themes. Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas, such as ethical questions, and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly. An example of this...
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...Joey Puvel Ophelia’s Madness Despite the difficulty to pinpoint exactly what Shakespeare’s intended personalities for his characters in Hamlet were, Ophelia’s legitimate madness is one trait that isn’t easily proven otherwise. Poor Ophelia is a young girl conditioned to the medieval dogma that her father is the ultimate authority in her life until marriage, while also heavily drawn to her sense of romance characteristic to the Renaissance. Also, Ophelia cannot express herself the way the men around her can, reserving her to a balloon of emotions, which, in addition to being left stranded after the men in her life essentially disappear, bursts into her ultimate insanity. Every person with influence in Ophelia’s life are men: Polonius, her father, Hamlet, her lover, and Laertes, her brother. These are the people who most of the time dictate her decisions for her. In the first scene of the play involving Ophelia, her lines are not many in number or lengthy by any means. This is because Polonius and Laertes spend the bulk of the scene instructing her. Both men discourage her from trusting Hamlet’s love. Laertes says, “His greatness weighed, his will is not his own. For he himself is subject to his birth.” (1.3.1718) Laertes is saying that Hamlet cannot be devoted to her because his focus has to be on Denmark as the heir to the throne. He also tells her to protect her virginity, which is a very authoritative statement and possibly an uncomfortable command to receive from your brother...
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...progresses through Shakespeare’s Hamlet, it becomes overly evident that Ophelia is the most deserving of readers’ sympathy because of the following reasons: as a women, she is weak and has no authority over her own affairs; she has no control over her madness and her death; she is never compensated for her father’s death or her lover’s betrayal. Shakespeare creates sympathy for Ophelia by introducing her to the audience as a women who is too naïve to understand the difference between love and lust and who has no control over her life as both her brother Leartes and her father Polonius dictate her to keep her distance from Hamlet who will only use her for sex and will not marry her (I.iii.5-136). Polonius also plans to “loose my daughter to him” (II.ii.154) to spy on Hamlet just like he is using his servant Reynaldo to spy on Leartes making it clear that Ophelia holds no more importance to Polonius as a daughter than as a servant. Shakespeare amplifies Ophelia’s weakness in Act IV by bringing to light Ophelia’s insanity caused by the grief of her father’s death. While Hamlet is duty bound as a Prince and “his will is not his own, / For he himself is subject to his birth. / He may not, as unvalued persons do, / Carve for himself” (1.iii.17-20), one cannot sympathize with him as he is still a prince, but the fact that being born as a girl robs Ophelia of her basic right to make her own life decisions, begs the audience to direct their sympathy towards Ophelia the most. As the grief...
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...Analysis: Hamlet In the tragedy Hamlet, the prince of Denmark, Hamlet is this young man who experiences close relation death which was his father. He later finds out it was his uncle who murdered his father just to take heir to the throne. Hamlet constant brooding about death and humanity comes ahead. (Tennen) Hamlet is arguably the greatest dramatic character ever created from the moment we meet the crestfallen prince we are enraptured by his elegant intensity. (Mabillard) William Shakespeare hamlet follows the young prince Hamlet home to Denmark to attend his father’s funeral. (Stockton) In “Hamlet” the tragedy hamlet the prince holds a great internal conflict throughout the play. (Studymode) On a dark winter night a ghost walks the ramparts of Elsinore castle in Denmark. (Sparknotes)The first edition of hamlet was published in 1603 from a previous sketch composed several years earlier the second one following 1604. (Bates) Shakespeare’s most famous tragedy Bernado’s question betrays the mood of uncertainty that prevails throughout the play. (George) So speaks Shakespeare’s prince hamlet of the transient nature of all mankind throughout the play humanity and frailty is a common theme. (Mortensen) In Hamlet the tragedy, hamlet, the prince of Demark with holds a great internal conflict throughout the play. (Directessays) Hamlet is Shakespeare’s longest play and the play responsible for the immortal lines “to be or not to be that is the question” (Taylor) The story hamlet is set...
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...Hamlet Thesis Paper Shakespeare’s play Hamlet features a variety of complex characters including the intricate protagonist Hamlet and his self-proclaimed love Ophelia. At the beginning of Shakespeare’s play Ophelia is at the peak of her happiness in life seeing as that she has found her true love, Hamlet, and feels love and respect for her father and brother. She progressively becomes a victim of oppression from the men surrounding and controlling her life leading to her insanity and ultimately suicidal death. The origin of Ophelia’s madness is found through examination of her relationships with these men. Her father Polonius appears to be the sole parental figure in the play since there was no mention of a mother and there appears to be a close relationship between her and her brother and father. Ophelia relies heavily on her father and goes to him for advice and does whatever he asks of her. It was common for women to do as a man told her even if they did not agree to what they were being ordered to do, it is also understood that no one took into account the affects this type of society had on women. In this extreme case the affect is shown in Ophelia’s death. Ophelia’s fairytale ended before it even started when the suspicion that Polonius had previously requested Ophelia to fornicate with the King of Denmark in order to earn his new astute stature of being his advisor was brought to attention by a literature professor at the University of Michigan. In an argument, Hamlet...
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...In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet experiences his mother’s remarriage to his uncle and Ophelia’s rejection which makes him feels very upset and angry about women. “Frailty, thy name is woman.”(1.2.146) This suggests that Hamlet thinks that all women in the world are weak and act in the same way. At the beginning of the play, Ophelia describes Hamlet’s love for her that Hamlet has a great affection on her and he has made the holiest vows to her. However, Polonius still asks Ophelia to leave Hamlet. Later in the play, Ophelia follows her father’s advice and rejects Hamlet’s love. Hamlet starts to treat Ophelia terribly. It brings to a question that whether Hamlet loves Ophelia or not. Hamlet is angry for Gertrude’s remarriage to Claudius because he loves and cares about his mother. It is the same for Ophelia. His mad and angry acts towards Ophelia show readers that he loves and cares about Ophelia because no one will be mad if he is betrayed by someone who is insignificant to him. The ways Hamlet talks and treat Gertrude are almost the same with the ways treats Ophelia. This shows Ophelia is as important as his mother. Hamlet is upset for his mother’s hasty remarriage and his thought of his mother worsen when the ghost tells him that Gertrude marries to a person who is the murderer of his father. He loves his mother so much that draws him to madness. He starts to treat his mother badly. “What wilt thou do? Thou wilt not murder me? Help, help, ho!” (3.4.22-23) He is being...
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...A recurring theme in both Webster’s Duchess of Malfi and Shakespeare’s Hamlet is the concept of female honour and chastity, even though the women of the plays are secondary to the main plot. A woman’s necessity to marry is a negative message in Hamlet, and proves to be the hubris of the Duchess- it is her marriage that, in part, leads to her eventual death. Ergo, Wiggins’ statement about ‘second marriages troubling the male imagination’ is certainly true from the outset. The second scene of Hamlet opens onto a celebration, but in Hamlet’s first soliloquy, he distains his mother, for her ‘frailty’ in needing a new husband, likening her to worse than a ‘beast’ wanting ‘discourse of reason.’ Bearing in mind, the contemporary society where women spinsters and widows were stigmatized, yet, according to these plays, a woman’s remarriage was socially unacceptable. However, such is the misogyny and class based prejudice that a high-ranking woman is not socially stigmatized but merely gossiped about in private. However, the famed serial monogamist Henry VIII married six times; even introducing divorce, yet Hamlet is troubled by his mother’s single remarriage, even before learning of his uncle’s treachery, despite the fact that his father is dead. Perhaps then, it is the line ‘or ere these shoes were old’ that demonstrates his trouble with the hastiness of the remarriage, rather than the concept of the marriage itself. Throughout, the Duchess is defined not through her ideals, as noble...
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...which a person either does not know what they are doing, or they do not understand what they are doing is wrong. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, the main character, Prince Hamlet, displays erratic behavior; however, he is not insane. Hamlet describes what he is doing to multiple characters, showing that he understands what he is doing, only acts mad around certain characters, demonstrating that he has enough of a grasp on reality that he can act normal when he wishes, and his actions do not parallel the madness of another character, Ophelia, who is clearly genuinely insane. The idea of insanity lends itself to the lack of ability to articulate the logic behind one’s actions; however, Hamlet is fully capable of...
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