...Historical Leader Paper Catherine the Great Catherine II was originally born Sophie Augusta Fredericka in 1729. She was born to a noble family in and raised in Germany then call Prussia. She was born a princes and was raised as such. Sophie was considered as an immensely beautiful princes. However her family was considered as minor and as poor by royal family standards. What they did have was an important connection to the Russian Empire. Sophie left for Russia in 1744 to meet Empress Elisabeth at the age of 15. As with most princesses of the time she was married off to increase political and family ties. In Sophie’s case this was to Peter III. Grand Duke Peter was the nephew to the Empress and heir to the throne of Russia. Other than meeting Empress Elisabeth and Peter III her childhood was relatively dull. The first time Sophie met Peter she was not fond of him. She described him as being “small and infantile and talked about nothing but soldiers and toys”. He was far too childish for her. In addition Peter would drink in excess at the mere age of 16. Although she disliked him, Sophie’s marriage to Peter was her first step in becoming Catherine the Great. She unlike Peter immediately immersed herself in the Russian culture. She also converted from German Lutheran to Eastern Orthodoxy and thus she was reborn and renamed Catherine. Catherine was an intellect who learned the Russian language swiftly. The newlyweds were nothing alike. Even on their wedding night Peter stayed...
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...Saint Catherine of Alexandria was a virgin martyr , whose feast day in November 25th . She is also the patroness of philosophers and preachers . In the catholic community , she represents one of the 14 Holy Helpers. Catherine was the daughter of Constus , who was the governor of Alexandria Egypt. Saint Catherine was both a princess and a scholar. Catherine converted into Christianity at the age of fourteen due to a vision of Madonna and Child. Catherine was also the only child. Catherine at the age of eighteen , during the persecution of Maximinus , Catherine started to debate with pagan philosophers and began to spread the word of God. Many of them later converted which caused them to be martyred. Catherine was then imprisoned. Upon imprisonment , Catherine converted over two hundred people , including Maxentius’ wife. To avoid Catherine to go through torture , he decided to ask for her hand in marriage but Catherine declined the offer declaring that her spouse was Jesus Christ whom she consecrated her virginity to. Maxentius , angrily , he condemned her to death by the wheel , but the wheel shattered at her touch. He then decided to behead her. Saint Catherine was buried at Mount Sinai. A PRAYER TO SAINT CATHERINE : Glorious Saint Catherine, virgin and martyr, help me to imitate your love of purity. Give me strength and courage in fighting off the temptations of the world and evil desires. Help me to love God with my whole heart and serve Him faithfully. O Saint Catherine...
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...Catherine The Great was a German princess who became Empress of Russia. Catherine was born on May 2, 1729, in Poland. She was born into the family of Christian August and Joanna Elisabeth. Her most significant achievement was her role as an absolute monarch. In 1762, Catherine claimed the Russian throne, which would become the longest reign of any female leader of Russia. During this time, she made many contributions to the economic, political, social, and religious structure of Russia. Although she experienced some problems throughout her journey, she maintained relatively strong control as a ruler, for 34 years. A major downfall that was a result of her decisions was the treatment of her subjects. The majority of the Russian people...
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...Catherine the Great is a controversial leader. She was born a minor German princess and married Peter III, heir to the throne of Russia. Peter was not a good ruler. He had many lovers, was an alcoholic, he was juvenile, he was neurotic, and he was rebellious. Catherine was especially angered when Peter considered having one of is mistresses rule with him rather then her. She started a rebellion against Peter, forcing him to step down. She later planned his assassination with one of her lovers. Even her way to the throne can be seen as controversial, just like her rule. The major negatives to the rule of Catherine the Great include her many lovers, her treatment of peasants, and her poor skills at handling money. Catherine the Great did not handle the state treasury well. She exempted people from paying taxes, but still planned large military missions. These ate up the state treasury. Under her rule she drained the treasury, leaving Russia almost bankrupt. She sacrificed the economy of her country so the people could have more luxury. This may seem good at first, but when Russia was drained of money things were...
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...Frederick II (1712-1786) who had a strict childhood with separated parental views about the world. He became King of Prussia in 1740 after his father’s death. After that he governed Prussia from 1740 until his death. He led his country through numerous wars with Austria and its allies. Frederick the Great of Prussia personified tolerant despotism. (Frank, Kagan, Ozment, Turner, p.539). Catherine the Great (1729-1796) Born Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst, the daughter of a German prince, she was related through her mother to the dukes of Holstein. She became the empress of Russia on July 9, 1762 until her death in 1796. Frederick regularly describes himself as “the first servant of the state,” contending that his own personal and...
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...How did foreign affairs affect Henry’s attempts to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon? The need for a papal annulment to end Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon was down to the fact that it was the only way for it to appear as legitimate across Europe, and in order be granted this annulment, Henry would have to prove that his marriage was unlawful. However, there were immediate setbacks for Henry, which came in the shape of Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor and the most powerful man in Europe at the time. He was Catherine’s nephew, and also held significant influence over the Pope due to the military superiority in the Habsburg-Valois conflict. Imperial troops sacked Rome, which meant that the Pope was essentially a prisoner to Charles, and was in no position to disagree with him. Wolsey was of the belief that he could use his position as Papal Legate to achieve this annulment, and attempted to call a council of leading archbishops to decide on the matter in the Pope’s absence. The French cardinals were relcutant to play along and before long, the Pope was freed, although still under heavy influence from Charles, who had the Pope’s freedom in his hands, and could imprison him again if he so wished. Wolsey then had the case heard in England, but the Pope did not want to anger Charles or Henry, and suggested that Henry seeked a divorce and promised him he would be able to attain an annulment later on. Henry was not interested though. Cardinal Campeggio was sent...
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...to secure the annulment of the king’s marriage to Catherine? 1)Failed to secure annulment 2)Factions against him-Aristocrats and anne boleyn out to get him 3)Combination of factors Thomas Wolsey’s rapid rise to power following the first French war is often overshadowed by his even faster downfall by 1529. The third source heavily implies that Wolsey’s downfall was due to factions in particular the Boleyn faction, but it also subtly suggests Wolsey’s previous failures i.e. the amicable grant “fiasco” made him much more susceptible to criticism and helped sow doubt into Henrys mind. Source 4 supports the third source and also brings to attention the role played by another group of people- the aristocrats- who despised Wolsey and as Loades claims Wolsey was a “victim of factional intrigues organised by leading aristocrats”. However the final source totally disagrees with the theory that it was purely factions that resulted in Wolsey’s downfall and instead supports the statement given to an extent, but believes it was a combination of factors that resulted in his downfall, something which the evidence tends to support. There is no doubt that Wolsey’s inability to secure an annulment of Henrys marriage to Catherine infuriated Henry and Wolsey’s sacking was a direct response to this failure. By 1529 the pope was under the control of Charles V after the latter’s victory at the battle of Landriano, and as the nephew of Catherine it was unlikely he would allow the pope to issue...
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...Catherine The Great "Women fell under her spell as well as men, for underlying her engaging femininity was a masculine strength which gave her the courage to present a bland and smiling mask in the face of the greatest tribulations." (Joan Haslip). Sophie Auguste Frederike von Anhalt-Zerbst aka. Catherine the Great was born May 2, 1729. She was known for being the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia reigning from 1762 until she died in 1796. She had been born in Stettin, Pomerania as a German princess to Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst who had belong to the ruling family of Anhalt. When Catherine was fifteen years old her mother had found her a husband. She was to wed Grand Duke Peter III of Holstein. Since Catherine didn't think to fondly of her soon to be husband she had decided to convert to Russian Orthodoxy after a year of instruction and education from the Russian court. Since she accepted the orthodox faith, she had changed her name from Sophie to Catherine. Catherine wanted to make a statement in life and that was to become completely Russian. This would make her popular with certain political elements which would go against her spaced-out husband. Catherine wanted to increase Russia's power even with them having weaker neighbors, who were Poland and the Ottoman Empire. She had established a virtual protectorate over Poland in 1764. As time passed by she had secured the largest portion of Poland which was among Russia, Prussia...
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...'PETERSON DESIR PROF: SMITH-PETER CLASS: HST- 275 Catherine the Great was and remains one of the most important figures in Russian history. During her thirty-four-year reign Russia has greatly prospered not only materially , but more importantly intellectually, which played a vital role in the modernization or the westernization of Russia a couple centuries later. Evidently, analyzing her long reign through the prism of what is considered as democracy today, one could depict its very faults and blemishes. However, we should view her reign as it was then , but not as it should have been nowadays. Whether somebody coined it as an enlightened absolutism, the real truth remained : Catherine the Great has brought Enlightenment to Russia, the European Enlightenment. What was it, Enlightenment?- It was a philosophical movement that greatly fostered rational thinking, the use of science over traditions and superstitions, and also promoted freedom ,security and equality before law for all people. Catherine was thrilled by such great ideas. She devoted herself to reading and established a great line of correspondence with the true leaders of the movement such as Voltaire, Diderot, Bossuet,etc..In her letters, she overtly expressed her intention of becoming an adept of the movement. She started in creating schools and reforming the educational system. She Turned to Voltaire for advice. As an Enlightenment's follower, she was deeply interested...
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...Your Heart Issues Finder Result You may want to print the 12 pages of Results by using your browser's print capability Or by clicking the "print" button. ------------------------------------------------- Początek formularza | | Dół formularza ------------------------------------------------- Początek formularza | | Dół formularza Your Overall Score is 175 out of a possible 300Your Scaled Score is -1 on a scale of -10 to +10 Your Overall Score is 175 out of a possible 300Your Scaled Score is -1 on a scale of -10 to +10Life is a struggle! Sometimes you’re up and sometimes you’re down. You experience love, joy, and peace but also struggle with anxiety, sadness, and irritation. You will recognize certain categories of this test as being wonderful strengths, while others are a life long battle. By healing the issues of your heart you can reach the place you have been longing for, where your strengths get better and your weak areas become stable. You can be freed from the daily grind.In the area of Unforgiveness, you scored 5Your Scaled Score is -10 on a scale of -10 to +10You tend to feel that others have hurt you and you carry grudges and lingering bitterness towards them. You may not want to or feel that you can forgive them. You also may not feel that you can forgive yourself. Forgiveness is the foundation for an abundant life of love, joy and peace. You can release the negative emotions that come with unforgiveness and live in peace and joy.In the...
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...Rosmairy Concepcion 1) The three major types of customers Catherine serves are: other businesses, such as restaurants and grocery stores, also individual customers which include wedding and banquets, and she also serves walk-in customers. Each one of these customers has different necessities. For example, walk-in customer and individual customers require a more personal relationship since it involves high contact with the customers. The order winners for other businesses would include volume flexibility in order to fulfill their large orders, also quality of taste since there are a lot of competition in the market to choose from, and delivery speed and reliability in order to meet deadlines. The order winners for individual customers would also include volume flexibility, they also expect fresher and more personalized products according with their taste and preference. And for walk-in customers the order winner would mainly be the quality of the product such as taste, presentation and freshness. 2) In my opinion the decision of Catherine renting a restaurant space was not the best decision and was very inconsistent with her customers’ needs because her major customers were other businesses and individual customers who really didn't need the dining area or the extra space. Furthermore, the space Catherine rented was too expensive which changed Catherine’s business and highly increased cost. Catherine added the walking business which at the same time required an increase...
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...Description: The behavior under consideration in this paper is the murder and sexual assault of Catherine ‘Kitty’ Genovese. This behavior may be manifested in a number of ways by a variety of individuals for a number of different reasons; such as violent attacks on women. While technically defined as a crime by the state or federal statutes the behavior in question is also regarded as deviant, norm-violating and immoral. It is the purpose of this paper to first describe the murder and sexual assault of Catherine ‘Kitty’ Genovese and then to relate it to two chapters in the textbook entitled ‘It’s a Crime: Woman and Justice” by Roslyn Muraskin. In addition to that I will also examine the fact that thirty-eight witnesses heard or watch the thirty-five minute killing of Ms.Genovese and not one of them assisted or called for help until after she was dead. The murder was committed on the early morning of March 13, 1964 at about 3:15am in the New Gardens section of Queens in New York. Catherine, who was also known as Kitty had just gotten off of work, where she was a manger at a bar. She parked her car in a Long Island Railroad parking lot about 20 feet away from her apartment. As she began to lock her door to her car, she noticed a figure in the dark that was moving quickly toward her. Becoming alarmed she began to walk quickly and then ran as she realized the stranger was following her. She must have thought that since the entrance to her building was so close...
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...Voltaire called Catherine the Great the new “Semiramis of the North,” after the legendary founder of Babylon noted for her beauty, wisdom, and sexual excesses. Despite the notoriety she gained for her sexual escapades, Catherine's importance to the flowering of Russian literature was immense. One of her driving ambitions during her thirty-four-year reign was to advance Russian culture, and she patronized Russian authors and artists accordingly. Possessed of a self-admitted “mania” for writing and eager to provide models for the literary culture she sought to develop, Catherine produced reams of writing, including voluminous correspondence with Voltaire and other Enlightenment notables, passionate love letters, lively memoirs, political tracts,...
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...Earnshaw had one son, Hindley, and one daughter, Catherine. One day Mr. Earnshaw took a trip to Liverpool. He came back with a young boy, Heathcliff. Although Hindley did not like him, the daughter Catherine approved of him. Catherine and Heathcliff spent every day playing with each other and eventually grew to love each other. When they became older, Catherine decided to marry a man named Edgar Linton instead of Heathcliff. Heathcliff was so mad that he left the house, called Wuthering Heights, for three years. He returned soon after Edgar and Catherine got married. Heathcliff is still infuriated and wants to get revenge on everyone who did not treat him well. Hindley started drinking heavily after his wife died from giving birth to his son Hareton. Heathcliff gives money to Hindley to gamble with. When Hindley died, Heathcliff inherited Wuthering Heights. In order to get back at Catherine for getting married, he marries a woman, Isabella, who lives four miles away at a place called Thrushcross Grange. Soon after, Catherine gives birth to a daughter, also named Catherine, but dies giving birth. Isabella moved to London because Heathcliff did not treat her properly. While she was there, she gave birth to Heathcliff’s son, Linton. About twelve years later, Heathcliff went to London and got his son. Edgar did not let his daughter Catherine leave the house so she had no idea Wuthering Heights was close by. One day Catherine sneaks out and finds...
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...The opposing forces of Wuthering Heights. Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights can be seen as one of the most influential works of fiction produced during the Victorian age. In Brontë’s novel, the reader will encounter many oppositions across several elements of the story. These oppositions play a vital role in the development of both the characters and the plot and have been discussed by many critics. According to Melvin R. Watson, as he describes in his article “Tempest in the Soul: The Theme and Structure of “Wuthering Heights,”” a most influential theory is that of the opposing forces of calm and storm developed by Lord David Cecil (Watson, 88). This theory, however, does not completely encompass the multitude of opposites found in the novel. The oppositions found in Wuthering Heights all serve specific roles in the development of the characters and the plot of the novel. The universe of the opposing forces of the calm and the storm that can be found within Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights is one that encompasses many elements of the story. At the very start of the novel, the narrator, in the form of Mr. Lockwood, gives the reader a detailed description of the house he is about to enter: Wuthering Heights is the name of Mr. Heathcliff’s dwelling. ‘Wuthering’ being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed in stormy weather. Pure, bracing ventilation they must have up there at all times, indeed: one may guess...
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