...Western Hemisphere by the Spanish and Portuguese in the 15th – 16th centuries. The Dutch colonized Indonesia in the 16th century, and Britain colonized North America and India in the 17th – 18th centuries. Later, British settlers colonized Australia and New Zealand. Colonization of Africa only began in earnest in the 1880s, but by 1900 virtually the entire continent was controlled by Europe. The colonial era ended gradually after World War II; the only territories still governed as colonies today are small islands. http://www.answers.com/topic/colonialism#ixzz1lYMQdYfY http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonialism Colonialism is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It is a process whereby the metropole claims sovereignty over the colony, and the social structure, government, and economics of the colony are changed by colonizers from the metropole. Colonialism is a set of unequal relationships between the metropole and the colony and between the colonists and the indigenous population. The colonial period normally refers to the late 15th to the 20th century, when European states established colonies on other continents. During this time, the...
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...1 AMERICAN IMPERALISM 19TH CENTURY HIS204 AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1865 INSTRUCTOR: JOSEPH SCAHILL AUGUST 16, 2010 VANESSA HARVEY 2 AMERICAN IMPERIALISM 19TH CENTURY Imperialism played a huge part in the economics of large industrial or military – powerful nation and even the world economy in the last two centuries. Imperialism has benefited the citizens of the imperial nations, including the United States by expanding foreign commerce and thereby helping the domestic economics of each nation. By having control over lands overseas a nation can have more output for itself and foreign trade, It exports would be greater than its imports; therefore by increasing its wealth. For many imperial nations, control over a land meant more than domination. It means repression and brutality as in the case with Britain, even the United States particularly in the Philippines. Throughout the 19th century, Americans expanded their influence across the continent through the West Ward movement. Although sovereign Native American nations were suppressed and even eliminated in the process, America was not acting as an “imperial power.” At the start of the 19th century, Imperial China, under the Qing dynasty, represented a stable and prosperous nation. There was no reason to believe that the next hundred years would change that, yet the start of the next century, the dynasty had rendered powerless, and the armies of various Western powers were descending on Peking to...
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...extreme protectionists”. Which affect their ability of expansion instead it shirked there opportunity and made more difficult access. Ferry solution to this problem was to build more colonies this way they could have a better chance to export goods to other country .The idea about free trade they would be able to exports goods and France once again would remain with a good economic influence around the world. 2. What arguments against imperialism have been raised by Ferry's critics? How does he counter them? According to Jules Ferry there were some unfavorable things that could be said about France about “great economic difficulties”. One thing was about securities against great South American market. Ferry states it have belonged to France forever. However could possibly be taken away from France. Due to the lack of France expansion, and by North American products he called it a social problem. That was linked to colonial policy. His other arguments against imperialism were when he stated “French colonial policy, the policy of colonial...
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...In the late 1800’s, Western Imperialism expanded aggressively. Imperialism is the domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region. Although the Europeans had established colonies earlier, they previously had little direct influence over people in China, Africa, or India. Expansion takes place when one territory is deemed more powerful than other territories or people. Geographical, physical, and or technological obstacles may assist or impede in the expansion process. At the end of the 19th century the United States became a colonial power after moving across the North American continent to the Pacific Ocean. American colonies in the Philippines, Caribbean, and Hawaiian Islands were...
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...Imperialism There is one particular figure whose name looms large, and whose spectre lingers, in indigenous discussions of encounters with the West: Christopher Columbus. It is not simply that Columbus is identified as the one who started it all, but rather that he has come to represent a huge legacy of suffering and destruction. Columbus ‘names’ that legacy more than any other individual.2 He sets its modern time frame (500 years) and defines the outer limits of that legacy, that is, total destruction.3 But there are other significant figures who symbolize and frame indigenous experiences in other places. In the imperial literature these are the ‘heroes’, the discoverers and adventurers, the ‘fathers’ of colonialism. In the indigenous literature these figures are not so admired; their deeds are definitely not the deeds of wonderful discoverers and conquering heroes. In the South Pacific, for example it is the British explorer James Cook, whose expeditions had a very clear scientific purpose and whose first encounters with indigenous peoples were fastidiously recorded. Hawai’ian academic Haunani Kay Trask’s list of what Cook brought to the Pacific includes: ‘capitalism, Western political ideas (such as predatory individualism) and Christianity. Most destructive of all he brought diseases that ravaged my people until we were but a remnant of what we had been on contact with his pestilent crew.’4 The French are remembered by Tasmanian Aborigine Greg Lehman, ‘not [for] the intellectual...
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...Europeans had a drive to set out and help other nations, and to civilize them, and bring them to their full potential... or did they? Throughout the 19th century, Europeans had become the most powerful industrial powers, and set off to conquer and carve their piece of the globe. Europeans expanded in brutal and unfair ways hurting natives of many countries. The desire to civilize and help other people in European Imperialism was not serious because European countries had major economic expansion and the control of foreign resources, and they had harsh rule over conquered countries, such as the Congo Free State, and these are bad intentions because actions determine how serious someone is in their intentions. Europeans minimal desires to...
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...Case Study: Jules Ferry Melissa Elliott Chamberlain College of Nursing HIST 410 Professor Franklin March 06, 2016 Case Study: Jules Ferry 1. According to Ferry, what recent developments in world trade have made it urgent for France to have colonies? As an imperialist, Jules Ferry felt that France should be exploring and taking over new nations. He claimed colonial expansion was a great need that had become extremely urgent by the people and industrialized population of Europe (Kleinman, 1897). He stated that other countries, United States and Germany, were exporting so much more than France was. Jules Ferry compiled a report of statistics with his perspective of that great need for colonial expansion (Kleinman, 1897). This report asked questions daring the readers to disagree. Asking if it was a “fantasy”, a “concern that could wait for the future” or a “crying need” for the people of France and its industrial population (Kleinman, 1897). In his mind, he was just voicing what others could plainly see themselves just by looking around. In his words “France needs more outlets for exporting (Kleinman, 1897, para. 2)”. He proved this by blaming Germany for France not having enough outlets because they were setting trade barriers up. Then he blamed the United States for supporting Germany because the U.S. had become “protectionists and extreme protectionists at that (Kleinman, 1897, para. 2)”. He claimed that because of the dwindling markets it was becoming more difficult...
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...Keri Birmingham Professor Jee Yoon Lee UW20 Asian American Experience December 9,2011 Eurasian: The New Face of Asia [ABSTRACT] My project is to prove that Eurasians are becoming the new face of Asia through the entertainment industry and mainstream media. Mixed-race models, musicians, and actors of Asian and Caucasian descent are becoming well known in Asian pop-culture such as Maggie Q, Sirinya Winsiri, and Karen Mok. Although, in the past Eurasians born in East Asia were perceived as children of subjugated Asian women that were shamefully dominated by Western imperialists in history, they are now viewed as internationally ideal. To elucidate, foreign imperialism to East Asia has caused economic ties that have influenced Asian popular culture through mainstream media and entertainment that is based on Western culture and their standard of beauty, which is Caucasian. However, global businesses search for any kind of marketing that will entice their target audience, which is now the European-Asian spokespersons and entertainers that provide an opportunity to reach out to audiences that were once racially divided. Their international appeal by the media has created a beauty standard and has inspired Asians, mostly in East Asia to dye their hair, wear colored contacts, or surgically widen they eyes to resemble more European looking eyes. European and Asian mixes are becoming the role models for Asians in Asia, where multiracial people are hardly found, and therefore portrayed...
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...The terms ‘imperialism’, defines the dynamics of a long-term process of social change and transformation, together with associated class struggles and also to establish hegemony over the world system.1 The old imperialism rise in the late 19th century as direct consequences of industrial capitalism and engaged Europe, the US and Japan in a competitive struggle for markets and territorial control. 2 Actually, structures of exploitation mean exploit a country by using certain level of strategies. In old imperialism, firstly they enter a country by colonized them, secondly they produced and exported manufactured goods in exchange for raw materials, minerals and other industrial inputs or consumer commodities their colonies. Imperialist dominated all the resources in colonial countries where this is way allowing them to accumulate capital3 via ‘unequal exchange 4and unequal development. According to James Petras, there are no differences in new imperialism and old imperialism. But there are some differences, which are in new imperialism, there more focus on development as a form of imperialism. There is still existing of structure exploitation in new imperialism where developing countries are dominated by multinational corporations. In addition, most developing countries where introduced and practice the neo-liberalism system which is also a part of structure exploitation. Neo-liberalism benefited and makes richer the capitalist as much as possible while the developing countries remain...
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...The terms ‘imperialism’, defines the dynamics of a long-term process of social change and transformation, together with associated class struggles and also to establish hegemony over the world system.[1] The old imperialism rise in the late 19th century as direct consequences of industrial capitalism and engaged Europe, the US and Japan in a competitive struggle for markets and territorial control. [2] Actually, structures of exploitation mean exploit a country by using certain level of strategies. In old imperialism, firstly they enter a country by colonized them, secondly they produced and exported manufactured goods in exchange for raw materials, minerals and other industrial inputs or consumer commodities their colonies. Imperialist dominated all the resources in colonial countries where this is way allowing them to accumulate capital[3] via ‘unequal exchange [4]and unequal development. According to James Petras, there are no differences in new imperialism and old imperialism. But there are some differences, which are in new imperialism, there more focus on development as a form of imperialism. There is still existing of structure exploitation in new imperialism where developing countries are dominated by multinational corporations. In addition, most developing countries where introduced and practice the neo-liberalism system which is also a part of structure exploitation. Neo-liberalism benefited and makes richer the capitalist as much as possible while the developing...
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...Louise Gonzales Legacies of Historical Globalization – Hand In Assignments 1) How does the map on p.144 of Exploring Globalization demonstrate the spread of historical globalization and colonial influence? Explain using examples. The map demonstrates the spread of historical globalization and colonial influence because it represents the European Imperialism and Europe’s scramble for empire. European Imperialism contributed to the spread of science, religion, philosophy, and technology - which originated from Europe -, to the countries it colonized. During the 17th and 18th centuries Europeans were very competitive with one another. Each nationality wanted to be bigger and better than the others. They believed that to gain prestige, a country needed both wealth and power. And to get wealth and power, a country had to have colonies. The more territory that they were able to control, the more powerful and important they thought they could become. As these European empires continues to expand their colonies, they are also fundamentally changing and influencing the lives and other cultures of people under their rule. European imperialism changed the way of life of both Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. In North and South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, and central Asia, Indigenous peoples were displaced by European settlement in colonies. Indigenous peoples adapted their ways of life to function within the European economic system. For example...
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...IGOROTS * Home * IGOROT SONGS * IGOROT DANCE * IGOROT TRADITIONS * MONEY ON THE MOUNTAIN IGOROT TRADITIONS IGOROT TRADITIONS When we talk about Igorot identity and culture, we also have to consider the time. My point is that: what I am going to share in this article concerning the Igorot culture might not be the same practiced by the Igorots of today. It has made variations by the passing of time, which is also normally happening to many other cultures, but the main core of respect and reverence to ancestors and to those who had just passed is still there. The Igorot culture that I like to share is about our practices and beliefs during the "time of Death". Death is part of the cycle of life. Igorots practice this part of life cycle with a great meaning and importance. Before the advent of Christianity in the Igorotlandia, the Igorots or the people of the Cordilleran region in the Philippines were animist or pagans. Our reverence or the importance of giving honor to our ancestors is a part of our daily activities. We consider our ancestors still to be with us, only that they exist in another world or dimension. Whenever we have some special feasts (e.g., occasions during death, wedding, family gathering, etc.), when we undertake something special (like going somewhere to look for a job or during thanksgiving), we perform some special offer. We call this "Menpalti/ Menkanyaw", an act of butchering and offering animals. During these times we call them...
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...From the years 1750-1900, also known as periodization 5 the concept of New Imperialism rose going into periodization 6 from the years of 1900 to present day. New Imperialism characterizes a period of colonial expansion by European powers toward Africa and Asia turning them into vast colonial empires. Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Germany, and many more European countries participated in what was known as the scramble for Africa. One of the many reasons why this “scramble” happened was to gain more power, land, etc. For instance during this time, Europe needed the raw materials that Africa had to make more goods. This need lead to them to mistreating the Africans and treating them like slaves to get the raw materials they needed. Overall...
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...your weariness. / By all ye will or whisper, / By all ye leave or do, / The silent sullen peoples/ Shall weigh your God and you.” reads Ruyard Kipling’s poem, “The White Man’s Burden.” Rudyard Kipling, who was a well-known author around the turn of the century. He was a prestigious college graduate who had won many awards, including the Nobel Prize for writing. This tells us, the readers, that he is a very credible writer. Now, academically, there is much discourse and disagreement in regards to weather the poem is satirical. Many scholars believe that Kipling’s sentiment expressed about Imperialism as genuine, especially considering some of his other work. However, some do believe the poem is satire, and that Kipling is mocking the concept of “The White Man’s Burden.” Regardless of whether or not the poem is satirical, and while disregarding that the poem is directly about the Philippine-American War, “The White Man’s Burden” still shows what pro-Imperialists believed. “The White Man’s Burden” shows modern readers the thought process that lead many Western forces to go to lands they had never been before and systematically destroy a people’s way of life....
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...Name: Tutor: Course: Date: University Rise of Imperialism or Colonialism The rise of imperialism in Africa is dated between the 1870s and 1900 whereby it faced European imperialist hostility, military invasion and eventual conquest, diplomatic pressure and also colonization. The European imperialist push into the African continent was highly motivated by three major factors which are the social, political, and economic factors with the economic factor being the primary factor. As a result, of the European imperialist designs and pressure provoked African political and diplomatic responses leading to military resistance by Africans. To conquer Africa, colonials commonly applied the policies of direct, indirect and assimilation rule to dominate entirely African countries. To get protection from the colonizers, African leaders reacted by signing treaties like the Berlin conference for those who collaborated while some African leaders reacted by forming militarily to resist the seizure of their lands and also the imposition of colonial domination. The major cause of violent revolution in the Russian revolution of 1917 was the existence of sharp economic differences existing between social classes. The main goal was to ensure that the rigid class system existing were somehow fair and not favoring. The cause for the use of nonviolent revolution in the American Revolution was the fact that it presents fewer obstacles when it comes to moral and physical involvement and commitment...
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