...Gender Socialization through Toys and Sports In today’s society, there are many guidelines of how one should act and be. Gender socialization is the process where people take on notions of gender roles, gender ideas and gender behaviours. At an early age, boys and girls are told how to behave and act according to societal norms of gender behaviours and roles. The comparison of Jane Smiley’s article “You Can Never Have too Many” and John McMurty’s , “Kill ‘Em! Crush ‘Em! Eat ‘Em Raw!” provides an insight about how gender socialization is conditioned through toys and sports at an early age. Also teaching and reinforcing stereotypical gender roles through traits, appearances and occupation. (this is an incomplete sentence and it doesn’t flow very well with the previous sentence) Specific toys and sports are associated with certain genders and generalizes the role that boys and girls should uphold. Male characteristics are thought to be strong, tough and are unable to show weakness whereas female roles are to be nurturing, supportive and caring. In Jane Smiley’s article, the author focuses on how Barbie plays a positive role model in her daughter’s childhood. Barbie is portrayed as beautiful woman who posses feminine qualities. Young girls who tend to play with Barbie dolls have a mind set that they should grow up to be like Barbie. “Lucy could apply lipstick with her eyes closed by the time she was five.” (Smiley 238) This quote shows that children are easily influenced by the...
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...Picture Through discriminations of class and gender This photo displays physical activity inequity and is supported through the incorporation of class and gender discrimination. This photo is an example of physical activity Class discrimination Shoe Inequity in Opportunity? Ahead inequality of condition; (ii) inequality of opportunity Gender discrimintaition Symbolize inequity in power – holding all sports Ahead start why? – inequality of capability. Write a four-page essay based on the photo. In the body of your essay, begin by explaining how the image symbolizes inequity. Next, argue for what you believe to be the ultimate cause/causes of the inequity. Finish off the body of the essay with a brief account of what you think should be done to help resolve the inequity. The body of your essay should make up about three and a half pages. Finally, write a short introductory paragraph in which you briefly describe the circumstances under which you took the photo and state your thesis (in a sentence or two) about the ultimate cause/causes of the inequity, and a short conclusion paragraph in which you emphasize what you believe to be the most important points in the essay. Intro Over time the types of physical activity inequities in sports have become better understood and recognized by our changing society. I took this photo because it captures inequity of ‘condition’ and ‘opportunity’ on a basketball court in the west end of Toronto...
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...Gender Roles in American Society Femininity and masculinity are topics that have been debated over in our society extensively, through psychological research and day to day interaction with people. Children learn from their parents as well as society the concept of “feminine” and “masculine.” The majority of people tend to believe that these conceptions are biological but I believe it is more cultural and it affects the society that we all live in . From birth, female children are shaped by society as being sweet, caring, loving, and delicate and usually associated with the color pink. While male children are shaped by being tough, aggressive, and competitive and associated with the color blue. As these children grow, the boy is given a football to play with and the girl a Barbie. All of these aspects illustrate how gender socialization takes place early in children’s lives and how society has made it a norm to accept these stereotypes. Although the women's suffrage movement paved the way for great successes in women's history, research shows that women will always be seen as unequal to men. Gender role is a commonly discussed subject in society. Gender role simply defined is a person's inner sense of how a male or female should feel and behave. Society and culture are also very important in relation to this subject. This means different societies and cultures may produce children and later, grown men and women, who have different views of a man or a woman's place...
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...* The word Gender, as a grammatical term has been around since the 14th century, according to Oxford dictionary as “referring to classes of noun designated as masculine, feminine, or neuter.” Gender is more commonly used now in the 21st century to describe a person’s identity. Sex is another word that is commonly used when describing gender, it is ‘the state of being male or female’. Sex is the biological difference, where as gender is to cultural or social differences. Sex could also be defined as evolution, our genetics. Where as gender, which is our nurture, our life experiences, which help us shape who we are as an individual. Sociologists argue that the relationship between sex and gender is absolutely arbitrary – there is no causative connection between sex and gender – sex doesn’t determine the type of roles you can engage in society. We announce our identities by the way that we dress, walk, talk, act etc. We convince other people that we’re the gendered person that we’re presenting ourselves to be, a product of interactions. With ones sex being defined as male or female, there are bodies that can’t be categorized under these two sexes. Hermaphrodites, now more commonly known as intersex, are becoming a commonly known and used term in society with 17 in every 1000 babies having some kind of intersex condition. Gender is only one of the fundamental principles in organisation of social life, in particular in structural organisations of; childhood, sports, media and employment...
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...illustrate the complexity of Women’s experience in Sports. In the female and male society, there are specific gender roles and stereotypes that have been established. The typical males are expected to be strong, athletic and independent whereas females are expected to be obedient, attractive nurtures and quiet. Our society demands order to the implemented gender. When these gender norms are violated, it’s common for labels to be given such as ‘’Are you sure that’s not a boy in the net’’, ‘’A girl playing football – what a butch’’ etc. Whilst the ‘’traditional’ gender stereotypes have stayed fairly consistent over the last few centuries, it has also been challenged and confronted by many women and feminists. The one area in which these stereotypes take place is Sports and Physical Activates. Comparing outdated female gender stereotypes with those are 21st century of women in sports, female athletes are establishing their selves in the sporting world. However in saying that it is true those traditional female stereotypes continue to prevail. History Women had limited opportunities to participate in sport or any physical activities until federal legislation came into action allowing women to participate and given equal rights the same as men. Prior to 1870 women engaged in only recreational activities, as they were non-competitive and no rules were required. In the 1900s women started to participate in competitive sports while attempting to limit their involvement continued...
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...Gender Roles Views on gender roles as a whole especially in the past few years have changed. For each individual views are all over the board. Traditionally men worked to bring in the household income and women took care of the kids and the household. Some families are lucky enough to have the income to keep this kind of arrangement others have had to have both parents work to have the income to stay afloat. It is now the norm for both parents to work and even men to take care of the household and children. Just by watching how a household works forms people’s views on gender roles. My experience just as many peoples nowadays is less than traditional. My parents divorced before I can remember and since then I have been with my mother and brother. My mother seemed to be able to do it all. Amazing looking back on it now, she brought home the paycheck and still managed to cook us breakfast, send us off to school, be home with an after school snack, cook dinner, make sure we did our homework, and put us to bed every day. On top of that she coached one of us in at least one sport each season and managed to give us anything we needed and more times than not what we wanted. I was spoiled, never had to do my laundry and my chores were to mow the yard and pick up after myself. I still managed to view the gender roles as traditional because even though I knew she worked and was the only household income she was always there when we left for school and when we got back and was...
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...Gender Equity in Sports Colleen Iardella American Military University Gender equity in sports describes an environment in which fair and equitable distribution of overall athletic opportunities, benefits, and resources is available to women and men and in which student athletes, coaches, and athletics administrators are not subject to gender-based discrimination. Title IX, passed in 1972 at the pinnacle of the women’s rights movement, banned sex discrimination in any federally financed education program. It threw into quick relief the imbalanced treatment of male and female athletes on college campuses. Ever since Congress passed the federal gender-equity law, universities have opened their gyms and athletic fields to millions of women who previously did not have chances to play. But as women have surged into a greater part on campus in recent years, many institutions have resorted to deception to make it look as if they are offering more sports to women. Throughout this paper I will discuss the issues of gender equity in sports. I will mention what equal opportunities women have to play sports and how they can develop the psychological, physiological and sociological impact from sports participation. Females are playing team sports more now than they were a decade ago and far more women will play team sports in the next decade. In the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association's (SGMA) study, the authors analyzed many team sports and the role that females...
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...The concept of understanding a person’s gender identity seems to be straight forward. For many, they believe it is whether they are male or female. Simply meaning they were either born with male or female sex and reproductive organs. In actuality gender identity is according to our text, “our gender identity is our psychological awareness or sense of being male or female” (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, 2005). In essence our gender identity is the traits or characteristics of male or female that you feel best reflect your own self-reflection. For most, gender identity corresponds with their sex assignment. To be clear a person’s sex assignment is determined by the reproductive organs they were born with. Gender identity is a separate concept however men view their gender identity as male and women tend to view theirs are female. In actuality however, gender identity can be determined or influenced by various elements. Genetics, our environment, sex hormones and even psychological factors all may play an important role in how masculine or feminine a person may view themselves. When a child is born parents have a tendency of raising them with the stereotypical characteristics of their sex assignment. A boy is encourage to get dirty, play sports or with matchbox cars or trucks. It would be considered common behavior for a boy to be “rough and tough”. Many parents would discourage a male from playing with things that are considered “girly”. Girls on the other hand...
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...What comes to mind when you hear people say “women should be in the kitchen” or “men should be playing sports and being tough?” Do you agree with this statement? This leads to my extensive question, is gender more than biological differences between men and women? Good afternoon, my name is Marco Loproto and I’m here to enlighten on the issue within in today’s society, gender. Society depicts females and males of having different attributes but some may disagree with this. In many cases women are perusing their dream and participating in task that is perceived to be masculine, whilst males can be portrayed as obscuring their manhood. This is exemplified in the movie Bend it like Beckham and the novel regeneration. In society Gender roles are constantly changing; women are often made to feel inferior to males but it is through one’s talents that they are able to prove their superiority, which is evident in the film ‘Bend it Like Beckham’ directed by Gurinder Chadha. Thus supporting the statement gender is more than biological differences between men and women. Throughout the film, the protagonist Jess who is of Punjabi background is constantly challenging the gender stereotype. This is demonstrated in the extreme long shot which sets the scene for the movie. Within the film Jess consistently contemplates with her gender stereotype within the film. Chandha cleverly demonstrates this when Jess is playing soccer and she makes a run with the ball. The low angle shot, works to...
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...examples of the personal functions of sport such as feelings of belongingness and social identification, the socially acceptable outlet for hostile and aggressive feelings, and the role sport plays as a cultural element to bring meaning to life. Additional attention will be given to aspects of extra-sport character behavior and a determination of whether or not such behaviors support sport stereotypes and/or deviant characteristics. Through internet research, library study, and the use of periodical articles found in the ProQuest databases, I intend to apply the functionalist model of society to show that the fictional football team “The Miami Sharks” highlighted in the movie supports stability and equilibrium in the community of Miami based on common interests and convictions. The world of professional sports, especially professional football, is a world that most will only see on the television or through movies. “Any Given Sunday,” by Oliver Stone, is one such movie. It highlights a portion of a season for the fictional team The Miami Sharks with the interpersonal struggles on and off the field experienced by the characters related to the team. This paper explores the movie “Any Given Sunday” and attempts to discuss the movie in detail by focusing on the socially acceptable outlet for hostile and aggressive feelings, masculinity and gender roles, religion in sport, race in sports, character examples of the personal functions of sport such as feelings of belongingness...
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...written task. Discrimination against women in sports. To my fellow sports fans: As we know, football is one of the most favourite sports in the world, because of the stamina and the skills required. It is an exciting sport to watch. Many people love the sport, but not everyone has the the privilege to play football due to their gender. Women also love the sport but they are often discriminated against in several ways like not letting them wear the Hijabs, not paying them well, not letting them be in higher position in leadership role in sports, not giving them much media coverage or sponsorship etc. I’m going to discuss more about these problems that need to be solved so that women can also have a chance of playing the sport they want as men do. Women from some Muslim countries are required to wear their hijab at all times as a respect to muslim religion. Recently, in the 2012 olympics which was held in the U.K , the Iranian women’s football team had been disqualified against Jordan before the match even started because they want to wear their Hijab while playing. The Iranian women’s football team were sent home the next day leaving the female players in tears. The rules and regulation by the FIFA board stated “We are committed to a diverse culture. There shall be no discrimination as a result of race, ethnicity, origin, skin colour, nationality, religion, age, gender, language, physical appearance, sexual orientation or political opinion, or engagement in any kind of...
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...The Emerging of Females in sports In order to fully understand the impact Title nine had on sports, one must examine the life of female’s athletes. First and foremost, female athletes were insignificant; they were over looked and discredited. Male athletes were convinced beyond any doubt that it was them, and them alone, who possessed the ability, talent and charisma needed to succeed in the sports arena. This awe confidence did, however, have its drawbacks as demonstrated by male’s inability to competition from those who disagreed with their enlightened options, views, and decisions. Women's sports include amateur and professional competitions in virtually all sports[->0]. Female participation in sports rose dramatically in the twentieth century, especially in the last quarter, reflecting changes in modern societies that emphasized gender parity. Although the level of participation and performance still varies greatly by country and by sport, women[->1]'s sports have broad acceptance throughout the world, and in a few instances, such as tennis[->2] and figure skating[->3], rival or exceed their male counterparts in popularity. An important aspect about women's sports is that women usually do not compete on equal terms against men. Historically, it has been understood that the "natural order of the universe" consisted of man to the marketplace, woman at home with her family, woman the mistress of domesticity, man the master of all else, man the rational thinker, woman the...
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...Sociology of Sport Due date: Teacher: Introduction Sociology is the study of human behavior and social interactions within particular contents. Sports sociology examines sports as a part of cultural and social life, and adds a different dimension and perspective to the study of sports and exercise. More specifically, sports sociology examines the relationship between sports and society and seeks answers to many issues and questions regarding sports and culture. Sports are a pervasive part of culture and are considered to be social constructions within society created by groups of individuals and based on values, interests, needs, and resources. Sport forms are created by groups of individuals. Each culture creates and uses sports for its own purposes; therefore, sports take different forms from culture to culture. It is only since 1970 that sports sociology has gained significant attention as a serious area of study. This is in part owing to the increasing major role sports play in our lives and the intellectual traditions in both physical education and sociology. In 1978, the North American Society for the Sociology of Sport was organized as a professional association; and its scholarly outlet for research, the Sociology of Sport Journal, was established in 1984. The International Committee for Sociology of Sport is acknowledged within the International Sociological Association, and both groups co-sponsor the International Review for the Sociology of Sport. Another scholarly...
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...Sports broadcast journalism is a profession desired by many. It appears to be more competitive than ever before, especially as a profession for women. It looks like a glamorous career for women because they are traveling from one sporting event to another, meeting athletes, and reporting on the sideline during games. So, as we see an increase in women striving to become sports broadcast journalist, as well as the number of women seen and heard reporting sports, it is a challenge today as it was over a decade ago. The issue is whether or not women in sports media are afforded the same opportunities that include prominent positions, reporting male games as well as female games, benefits and salary based on their qualifications and credibility...
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...Gender is a social construct created through culture, traditions and observed in texts we read. Texts such as novels and films reinforce gender stereotypes. In some cases, novels and films challenge these ideas as well. The construct of gender sets restrictions and constructs boundaries through stereotypes and traditions we have created ourselves. In news articles, the film Whale Rider directed by Niki Caro, and the novel Tomorrow, When the War Began, written by John Marsden, traditional stereotypes are challenged, either directly or indirectly. Different writing or film techniques are used to portray relatable and personal experiences that the viewer or reader can identify with. Gender is a construct that can be discussed through characterisation,...
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